逻辑大全关于高盐饮食和基因的问题

浮生若梦

Black Americans are, on the whole, about twice as likely as White Americans to develop high blood pressure. This likelihood also holds for westernized Black Africans when compared to White Africans.
Researchers have hypothesized that this predisposition in westernized Blacks may reflect an interaction between western high-salt diets and genes that adapted to an environmental scarcity of salt.
Which of the following statements about present-day, westernized Black Africans, if true, would most tend to confirm the researchers’ hypothesis?
(A) The blood pressures of those descended from peoples situated throughout their history in Senegal and Gambia, where salt was always available, are low.
(B) The unusually high salt consumption in certain areas of Africa represents a serious health problem.
(C) Because of their blood pressure levels, most White Africans have markedly decreased their salt consumption.
(D) Blood pressures are low among the Yoruba, who, throughout their history, have been situated far inland from sources of sea salt and far south of Saharan salt mines.
（E）No significant differences in salt metabolism have been found between those people who have had salt available throughout their history and those who have not.  
高血压=高盐饮食+不适应高盐度的基因相互干扰造成。现在要肯定这个结论，A 说在S和G 不缺盐的地方，人们血压低。言外之意也就是说：高盐的饮食+适应高盐的基因=血压低了。从而证明了高血压确实是因为高盐饮食+不适应高盐基因的interaction 造成的。不知道这样理解对不对，实在是很晕啊，看了好多帖子。。。求大牛指正！

浮生若梦

自己顶一下，希望大牛出现！！！

adriana2011

这个选项我也迷惑A) The blood pressures of those descended from peoples situated throughout their history in Senegal and Gambia, where salt was always available, are low.   这个地方的人能吃到盐巴，血压低。但是：能吃到盐巴 不能=高盐饮食吧。

我怎么觉得答案是E呢 呵呵。
等待NN帮忙解答

adriana2011

Black Americans are, on the whole, about twice as likely as White Americans to develop high blood pressure. This likelihood also holds for westernized Black Africans when compared to White Africans.
Researchers have hypothesized that this predisposition in westernized Blacks may reflect an interaction between western high-salt diets and genes that adapted to an environmental scarcity of salt.

前提：Black Americans 比White Americans更容易(twice likely)高血压　
结论：认为这种情况是因为　高盐饮食（western high-salt diets）以及他们的基因无法适应低盐环境　所致


Which of the following statements about present-day, westernized Black Africans, if true, would most tend to confirm the researchers’ hypothesis?

(A) The blood pressures of those descended from peoples situated throughout their history in Senegal and Gambia, where salt was always available, are low.
(B) The unusually high salt consumption in certain areas of Africa represents a serious health problem. 原文的推理是讲关于  高盐饮食，低盐分适应性基因和高血压之间的关系，至于高盐意识是不是个影响健康的问题，和原文推理无关。
(C) Because of their blood pressure levels, most White Africans have markedly decreased their salt consumption.原文的推理是讲关于  高盐饮食，低盐分适应性基因和高血压之间的关系。 因为血压高了，导致他们降低饮食盐含量，。这里说的是血压升高后的情况。  无关！
(D) Blood pressures are low among the Yoruba, who, throughout their history, have been situated far inland from sources of sea salt and far south of Saharan salt mines.这里说的是这些人一直都住在什么地方（远离有“盐”的地方），不能自己做推理的链接就认为远离那地方 获取盐就少。至少DA比较，我觉得杀D留A
(E) No significant differences in salt metabolism have been found between those people who have had salt available throughout their history and those who have not.

我的问题是： 剩下了AE，继续比！
如果说答案是A，的确有相关性。但是我的问题是：E为啥不对呢？ e选项排出了盐分代谢导致血压高低的差异的问题？

麻烦谁帮我讲讲，看看我的思路是否有问题，问题在那里？

万分感谢！

adriana2011

自己顶一下！
貌似我想明白了： E 选项说的是 salt metabolism ，但是原文并没有给出任何关于 salt metabolism 和血压高低之间的相关信息，所以我自己不能根据自己所谓的常识去做逻辑链的添加。因此选项A

浮生若梦

我也选的E  求大牛指正

柠檬酸小酸

个人觉得，
文中的结论应该是： 高血压是由西方的高盐饮食和黑人自身适应低盐的基因所致吧？
（只有吃盐太多，超过自身承受量才容易高血压嘛~~）

属于现象解释文。解决的一种方式是：解释取非推现象取非。即，无此原因的话便无此现象。

也就出现了A中： 对西方高盐饮食取非——>举例非西方地区；
                           对少盐取非——>不少盐。

在非西方高盐饮食，且不缺少盐的环境下，黑人无高血压。也就反面验证了是西方高盐饮食和少盐基因导致了高血压。