求教 GWD-24 Q29 题干中Premise和conclusion的分析

teddybearj4

Plant scientists have been able to genetically engineer vegetable seeds to produce crops that are highly resistant to insect damage. Although these seeds currently cost more than conventional seeds, their cost is likely to decline. Moreover, farmers planting them can use far less pesticide, and most consumers prefer vegetables grown with less pesticide, therefore, for crops for which these seeds can be developed, their use is likely to become the norm.
Which of the following would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument above?

A.    Whether plant scientists have developed insect-resistant seeds for every crop that is currently grown commercially
B.    Whether farmers typically use agricultural pesticides in larger amounts than is necessary to prevent crop damage.
C.    Whether plants grown from the new genetically engineered seeds can be kept completely free of insect damage.
D.    Whether seeds genetically engineered to produce insect-resistant crops generate significantly lower per acre crop yields than do currently used seeds.
E.    Whether most varieties of crops currently grown commercially have greater natural resistance to insect damage than did similar varieties in the past.

OA：D

请问一下各位NN，能不能麻烦分析一下这道evaluation的premise和conclusion？总感觉在B、D之间有点迷惑！
Thx in advance！

上邪

teddy...偶来啦。。非nn 今天总结到啦 一起粘过来。。。

Plant scientists have been able togenetically engineer vegetable seeds to produce crops that are highly resistantto insect damage. Although these seeds currently cost more than conventionalseeds, their cost is likely to decline.Moreover, farmers planting them can usefar less pesticide, and most consumersprefer vegetables grown with less pesticide, therefore, for crops for whichthese seeds can be developed,their use is likely to become the norm.
Which of the following would be most useful to know in evaluating the argumentabove?

Bg: Plant scientists havebeen able to genetically engineer vegetable seeds to produce crops that arehighly resistant to insect damage.
Counterpromise: Althoughthese seeds currently cost more than conventional seeds, their cost is likely to decline.
Additional promise: Moreover,farmers planting them can use far lesspesticide, and most consumers prefervegetables grown with less pesticide,
Conclusion: therefore,for crops for which these seeds can be developed, their use is likely to become the norm.


We know that new cropshave many advantages, so they are likely to become norm.
So we have to find adisadvantage of new crops…

A.    Whether plant scientists havedeveloped insect-resistant seeds for every crop that is currently growncommercially
irrelated
B.    Whether farmers typically use agricultural pesticides in larger amounts than is necessary to prevent crop damage.
Irrelated
teddy你之所以觉得B分不清楚是因为你清楚的记得下面的两道题 可是抛开那两道题你再体会这个promise---conclusion的关系 因为有优点 所以使用普遍。。如果我们要削弱使用普遍 那么就要找一个缺点出来 而B所讲的就与这个逻辑链毫无关系了the issue whether farmers use pesticides in large amounts doesn't matter at all。。。就算我过度使用了 并不影响使得我新crops普遍使用的优点
C.    Whether plants grown from the newgenetically engineered seeds can be keptcompletely free of insect damage.
Irrelated
D.    Whether seeds genetically engineered toproduce insect-resistant crops generate significantly lower per acre cropyields than do currently used seeds.
E.    Whether most varieties of crops currently grown commercially have greater natural resistance toinsect damage than did similar varieties in the past.

When we answeryes it supports. When we answer no it doesn’tweaken…

对比下这两个。。。- - 也许这就是为什么大家都说逻辑JJ是把双刃剑吧。。。。

Scientists have made genetic modifications to cotton toincrease its resistance to insect pests.According to farmers’ report, theamount of insecticide needed per acre to control insect pests was only slightlylower for those who tried the modified seed than for those who didnot.Therefore, since the modified seed costs more than ordinary seed withoutproducing yields of higher market value, switching to the modified seed wouldbe unlikely to benefit most cotton farmers economically.
Which ofthe following would it be most useful to know in order to evaluate theargument?

Whether farmers who tried the modified cotton seed     had ever tried growing other crops from genetically modified seed
Whether the insecticides typically used on ordinary     cotton tend to be more expensive than insecticides typically used on other     crops[争议 BE]
Whether for most farmers who grow cotton it is their     primary crop
Whether the farmers who have tried the modified seed     planted as many acres of cotton, on average, as farmers using the ordinary     seed did
Whether most of the farmers who tried the modified     seed did so because they had previously had to use exceptionally large     quantities of insecticide

这是OG12 的69题

69. Scientists have modified feed corn genetically, increasing its resistanceto insect pests. Farmers who tried out the genetically modified corn lastseason applied less insecticide to their corn fields and still got yields comparableto those they would have gotten with ordinary corn. Ordinary corn seed,however, costs less, and what these farmers saved on insecticide rarelyexceeded their extra costs for seed. Therefore, for most feed-corn farmers, switchingto genetically modified seed would be unlikely to increase profits.
Which of the following would it be most useful to know in order to evaluate theargument?
(A) Whether there are insect pests that sometimes reduce feed-corn yields, butagainst which commonly used
insecticides and the genetic modification are equally ineffective
(B) Whether the price that farmers receive for feed corn has remained steadyover the past few years
(C) Whether the insecticides typically used on feed corn tend to be moreexpensive than insecticides typically
used on other crops
(D) Whether most of the farmers who tried thegenetically modified corn last season applied more insecticide than wasactually necessary
(E) Whether, for most farmers who plant feed corn, it is their most profi tablecrop Argument Evaluation

teddybearj4

哇哇哇~~谢谢上邪~~~你的回答好满意啊！我做的时候也是记着这两题，但是翻了一下没找到。
“teddy你之所以觉得B分不清楚是因为你清楚的记得下面的两道题 可是抛开那两道题你再体会这个promise---conclusion的关系 因为有优点 所以使用普遍。。如果我们要削弱使用普遍 那么就要找一个缺点出来 而B所讲的就与这个逻辑链毫无关系了the issue whether farmers use pesticides in large amounts doesn't matter at all。。。就算我过度使用了 并不影响使得我新crops普遍使用的优点”

因为有优点 所以使用普遍。。
我就是没搞清楚这里啊~~~上邪一针见血啊！！！好厉害！

BTW：上邪是怎么一下子找到这些这么相关或者相似的题目的？是自己总结的吗？

上邪

没啦 是翻逻辑帖子看到有人问后两道 就摘了下来 也就巧了亲爱的你问了这个题 正好3个题就凑齐了。。 偶要谢谢你呢。。 印象中有这么一道我没找见 结果你问啦。。。
嘻嘻。。。 缘分缘分。。。

PS：争议题我倾向E 。。。我觉得B的other crops无关。。。

teddybearj4

恩恩~我也同意E，B里面的other crops看着就像是个无关选项，今天也正好做到了这道争议题==！！（这几天就跟他们杠上了！）
比较之后觉得这三道还是有些差别的，说说我的看法，上邪看看对不对：
第一道GWD-10的那道是讲它可不可能用， 那只要它没有致命缺点，D的不比以前低的单产，就可以使用，如果他的单产比以前低，那就不使用。
第二题GWD-11的那道是讲它是不是economically，E的解释因为他们之前用特别多的杀虫剂。而argument中说的是“amount至少一点点，但是改良的种子贵”。argument中只是杀虫剂amount前后的比较，并不是减少量对应的价格的比较。下面可以对应argument里的那句话“因为每颗改良的种子可以只减少杀虫剂10g，但是每克$100，但是改良的种子每颗比没改良的种子多$50”，所以我觉得E是正确的。
第三题OG69的那道是讲是不是profitable，那就必然涉及两个量咯，就是产量和cost，而D的意思就是说，如果cost本来是没这么高的（也就是profit比现在估量的高），它就比以前profitable，如果不是，那就是不会profitable了哦~

seubomb

上面的第二题的“终结者”分析是正确的，但是E里面也并没有提到关于这么一点amount减少的杀虫剂的量的cost与成本的cost差相比那个大，反而是B，只要 other crops包含genetic modified cotton，那就正好解释了您的思路，因为之前使用杀虫剂比现在使用的贵很多，所以虽然现在量只减少了一点点，但是足以抵消成本的cost差，BE的争议到此结束。

teddybearj4

谢谢seubomb的讨论~那你的意思是支持B还是E，我觉得我有点不太明白你的意思~

heywendi

选B
Premise：基因技术提高crops的抗虫性，因此减少pesticide的使用量，从而降低cost。
conclusion：该技术会普及。
B选项攻击的是premise, 如果农民之前是过量使用农药，那么减少农药的量就能降低成本，基因技术的优势就削弱了。
D选项无关 因为题目完全没有提及yields