求助大全阅读~~（60/63）

haibaraaifly

Passage 60 (60/63)(OG-27)
Until recently, scientists did not know of a close vertebrate analogue to the extreme form of altruism observed in eusocial insects like ants and bees, whereby individuals cooperate, sometimes even sacrificing their own opportunities to survive and reproduce, for the good of others. However, such a vertebrate society may exist among underground colonies of the highly social rodent Heterocephalus glaber, the naked mole rat.
A naked mole rat colony, like a beehive, wasp’s nest, or termite mound, is ruled by its queen, or reproducing female. Other adult female mole rats neither ovulate nor breed. The queen is the largest member of the colony, and she maintains her breeding status through a mixture of behavioral and, presumably, chemical control. Queens have been long-lived in captivity, and when they die or are removed from a colony one sees violent fighting for breeding status among the larger remaining females, leading to a takeover by a new queen.
Eusocial insect societies have rigid caste systems, each insect’s role being defined by its behavior, body shape, and physiology. In naked mole rat societies, on the other hand, differences in behavior are related primarily to reproductive status (reproduction being limited to the queen and a few males), body size, and perhaps age. Smaller non-breeding members, both male and female, seem to participate primarily in gathering food, transporting nest material, and tunneling. Larger nonbreeders are active in defending the colony and perhaps in removing dirt from the tunnels. Jarvis’ work has suggested that differences in growth rates may influence the length of time that an individual performs a task, regardless of its age.
Cooperative breeding has evolved many times in vertebrates, but unlike naked mole rats, most cooperatively breeding vertebrates (except the wild dog, Lycaon pictus) are dominated by a pair of breeders rather than by a single breeding female. The division of labor within social groups is less pronounced among other vertebrates than among naked mole rats, colony size is much smaller, and mating by subordinate females may not be totally suppressed, whereas in naked mole rat colonies subordinate females are not sexually active, and many never breed.

6. According to the passage, naked mole rat colonies may differ from all other known vertebrate groups in which of the following ways?
(A) Naked mole rats exhibit an extreme form of altruism.
(B) Naked mole rats are cooperative breeders.
(C) Among naked mole rats, many males are permitted to breed with a single dominant female.
(D) Among naked mole rats, different tasks are performed at different times in an individual’s life.
(E) Among naked mole rats, fighting results in the selection of a breeding female.
选A。
定位应该是第一段第一句+第一段最后一句没问题
我想请问一下C选项，最后一段表达的意思是C选项说的意思吗？我怎么感觉就是说与Naked mole rats 不同的是，其它的vertebrates都是会不只一个female来breed，而Naked mole rats 的subordinate females， many never breed.

DeliciaAn

楼主，我这道题原来也选成C了，后来明白了。

dominated by a pair of breeders rather than by a single breeding female(第6题c与a比较对象是不一样的，题干中的比较对象是all other vertebrate groups,这里的breeding的比较对象是most cooperatively breeding vertebrates ,这与all other vertebrate groups是不同的概念).

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DeliciaAn 发表于 2015-3-21 10:29
楼主，我这道题原来也选成C了，后来明白了。

dominated by a pair of breeders rather than by a single b ...

这题我完全没明白， 就是文章开头说老鼠是利他的， 后面说只有一个女王控制所有的老鼠，这个女王死了，别的还会争斗。 我没看出这个种族哪儿利他了。

2643301345

一直都在讲女王的事呀？ 非常谢谢