[求助]陈向东书上的几道题，谢谢大家指教！

ywang

1. Masterpieces of literature are intertextual, that is, they tend to be written in response not to reality but to other works of literature. To the extent that a writing is intertexutal, it becomes clouded as a mirror of social reality. (p244, 第十题)
The statements above provide the most support for which of the following conclusion?
c.  A writing that is not intertextual can have no significant relationship to any other writings.
d. Literature masterpiece of the past are suspect as sources of information about the social reality of the past. (best answer)
怎样可以得出d?文中好像没有提到这方面信息呀?然后，怎样才能排除c?

2. The toxin produced by certain marine snails contains various proteins, one of which , when injected into mice, made mice aged two weeks or younger fall asleep and made older mice run for hiding places.  When mice are suddenly seriously threatened, very young ones react by staying perfectly still, whereas older ones run away. The fact stated above provide the strongest support for which of the following working hypotheses? (p251, 25)
a. The reaction of mice to sudden, serious threats is triggered by a chemical produced by the body, and this chemical is similar to the protein that was injected into the mice.(best answer)
e. Very young mice are not developed enough to deal appropriately with even the stimuli that they are most likely to encounter.
既然a和e都涉及到文章以外的内容，如何把握这个度？为什么可以选a却不能选e?

3. Normally, increases in the price of a product decrease its sales except when the price increase accompanies an improvement in the product. Wine is unusual, however. Often increases in the price of a particular producer's wine will result in increased sales, even when the wine itself is unchanged. Which of the following, if true, does most to explain the anomaly described above? (p409, 7)
c. Consumers selecting wine in a store often use the price charged as their main guide to the wine's quality. (best answer)
e. Consumers who purchase wine regularly generally have strong opinions about which wines they prefer.
我选的e是因为若消费者不因为价格上升而放弃自己喜欢的酒，则可以导致上述的反常现象。而且c中，消费者也并不一定买质量最好的酒，所以并不一定能导致上述现象。

4. Potato cyst nematodes are a pest of potato crops. The nematodes can lie domant for several years in their cysts, which are protective capsules, and do not emergy except in the presence of chemicals emitted by potato roots. A company that has identified the relevant chemicals is planning to market them to potato farmers to spread on their fields when no potatoes are planted; any nematodes that emerge will soon starve to death. Which of the following, if true, best supports the claim that the company's plan will be successful? (p448, 6)
d. Trials have shown that spreading even minute quantities of the chemicals on potato fields caused nine-tenths of the nematodes present to emerge from their cysts. (best answer)
e. The chemicals that cause the nematodes to emerge from their cysts are not emitted all the time the potato plant is growing.
我的疑问是若土豆生长时虫被放出来，那虫岂不是吃了土豆？且文中也提到the company plans to market it to potato farmers to spread on their fields when no potatoes are planted，以我的理解，就是趁没有长出土豆时将虫诱出来，若土豆长出来了，虫就会吃了土豆。

哪位大侠能帮我解释一下，先谢了！Thanks a lot！

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-6-23 13:47:00编辑过]

siebel

FYI

1 原文：masterpieces倾向于不反映现实。D:过去的MASTERPIECES可能不反映现实。是原文的一个子集。C是原文的否命题，不成立。

2 作为逻辑相关题理解可能更容易。E肯定不对因为DEAL APPROPRIATELY明显是陷阱。

3 E在说消费者有看法，这些人是否买酒，不知道。因此无法解释原文问题。
   C说明：价格不会影响买酒这种行为。既然和价格无关，利润上升就是可能。

4 你说的对。注意：d答案说的是trials。