OG 57

rt316

In astronomy the term "red shift" denotes the extent to which light from a distant has been shifted toward the red ,or long-wave,end of the light spectrum by the rapid motion of the galaxy away from the earth.

去处一些修饰成分：(In astronomy状语) the term "red shift" denotes the extent to which light (from a distant状语) has been shifted toward the red ,(or long-wave,end of the light spectrum补语) by the rapid motion (of the galaxy away from the earth补语).

余下部分：the term "red shift" denotes the extent to which light  has been shifted toward the red by the rapid motion.

显然，这里的to extent引发的从句不是定从，to extent是作状语的，修饰shifted，相当于：the rapid motion has shifted light toward the red to xx extent (to extent - 到...程度；这里的xx如果是great，那么就解释为：很大程度上的转换；如果xx是some，就解释为：一定程度上的转换)

dinosaure

我查了一下郎文语法,看下面这个例句:

My success in business,the reason for which he dislikes me,has been due to hard work;这里的关系代词也是做介词FOR的宾语,而且在句中也不作成分;

所以回到本题,可知which也是做to的宾语,还是一个定语从句,且which在句中不担任成分,我以前一直以为which一定要在定从里担任成分的,所以导致confused;

stoneren你对意思的理解应该是对的,但是which是不能引导状语从句的

rt316

定语从句的引导词在从句中要们作主语，要么作宾语，所以，不作任何成分的引导词肯定不是定从的引导词；我没有将which理解为引导一个从句，which在这里仅仅是一个代词，指代extent，而这个to extent的介词结构是作状语的。

tweib

以下是引用dinosaure在2004-9-17 4:02:00的发言：


shift to toward?? to 和toward不是重复了吗?

重复了么，正是担心大家认为重复了，所以要将to提前

即－－－has been shifted to the extent towardthe red （这个方向），就清晰了

Pudding

刚好也有57的问题要问, 不过是另外一个问题…

先看了前面关于 “denotes the extent to which…”的部份, 原本题目我也看的一头雾水, 然后仔细研读了楼上的高见之后, 我觉得好像应该是 “to the extent”是表程度, 转成 “the extent to which”后面接定从; “shift toward”是另外一个短语, 跟 “to the extent”无关, 所以并不重复…至于文中哪里表示 “程度”, 我想应该是长波在光谱上移动的程度…

可是我有别的问题! (举手!) 我看不懂 “end of the light spectrum”这里的end是什么状况…  是否应该跟前面的“red”连起来变成 “the red end of spectrum”, 而中间的 “or long-wave”为插入语呢? 如果不是, “end of spectrum”是单独的, 那要怎么解释?

请各位大侠帮忙~!

rhod

呵呵，这是个光谱分析里面的问题, 可见光里面红光波长最长, 所以红外线肉眼是看不见的. 从这个角度上可以理解end of spectrum吧.

另外, long-wave就是red, 因为红光波长最长.

其实, 只从语法来看，or long-wave只可能是插入语, pudding的理解已经是正确的了.

Pudding

了解了… 谢谢 rhod gg~~!

理解成插入语, 句子就比较好懂了, 不然在没看上面大家的讨论时, 实在是搞不懂这句话到底在讲什么啊…^^;

(奇怪, 这一句的字体一直没办法缩小…怪哉…)

summersmile

They examined the extent to which (=how much) age affected language-learning ability.

To what extent (=how much) did she influence his decision?

to such an extent that/to the extent that (=so much that) Violence increased to the extent that residents were afraid to leave their homes.

----from longman

linda05312

恩，偶觉得在这里将the extent to which (=how much)，句子就很容易理解了

谢谢smile mm！！！

onebowl

the extent to which 是一个固定用法，这么想，就好理解了