No.5-1-1 20题分析

普渡哥

A Marxist sociologist has argued that racism stems
from the class struggle that is unique to the capitalist
system—that racial prejudice is generated by capitalists
as a means of controlling workers. His thesis works rel-
atively well when applied to discrimination against            (5)
Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial
prejudice as “racially-based negative prejudgments
against a group generally accepted as a race in any  
given region of ethnic competition,” can be interpreted
as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as   (10)
the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval
Europe. However, since prejudice against these latter
peoples was not inspired by capitalists, he has to reason
that such antagonisms were not really based on race.
He disposes thusly (albeit unconvincingly) of both the     (15)
intolerance faced by Jews before the rise of capitalism
and the early twentieth-century discrimination against
Oriental people in California, which, inconveniently,
was instigated by workers.  

20. According to the passage, the Marxist sociologist’s
  chain of reasoning requiredhim to assert that prej-
 udice toward Oriental people in California was
 (A) directed primarilyagainst the Chinese  
 (B) similar in origin toprejudice against the Jews
 (C) understood by Orientalpeople as ethnic competition
 (D) provoked by workers  
 (E) nonracial in character

关于这个题在论坛上看到的大部分解释都是引用了不知是某位大牛早期的阅读日记，说的是
“因为在最后一句话里有“was instigate by workers”,以为是精确的改写。但是，在这句话的开头，He disposes thusly ( albeit unconvincingly)。。。，作者直接就把这个观点否定了：1。Dispose of是不要了的那种处理（翻阅花儿JJ的帖子）2。Unconvincingly就直接说明了这个观点的不可信。因此，在这个观点里的内容都是错的，D是错的。而E可以定位到L14。

但我并不认为这样解释说的通。虽然文章最后一个句子我看不是很懂，而且其中的dispose也不知道该怎么理解好，但我大概看到了这么个意思：他对某两个东西做了个负动作，虽然作者觉得他（the sociologist）这个做法无法令人信服的。好了，题目问的是the Marxist sociologist assert 那个对在California 的东方人是怎样的，显然不关作者什么事情，也就是说那个括号内的albeit unconvincingly跟这道题一点关系也没有。
另一方面，继续看这个句子and 后面的部分“the early twentieth-century discrimination against Oriental people in California, which, inconveniently, was instigated by workers.” 很明显，那个which从句是用来修饰前面的discrimination，尽管the sociologist对这个discrimination做了负动作，不代表它就对这个修饰做了负动作。例如：我反对A君提出的B理论。意思是说我反对B理论，然后继续修饰这个理论是由A君提出来的，但句子的意思并不是说我不承认这个理论是由A君提出来的这件事情。所以说the discrimination, which was instigated by workers. 这是一个客观事实。

那么这道题该怎么做呢？
我认为这道题定位的依据应该在the Marxist sociologist’s chain of reasoning required him to assert，这个结论社会学家并不是非常主动乐意去做，于是我们看到however那个句子，特别是L13“he has to reason”。好了，答案很明显了...