OG12-101 分析

清飞扬

考试我不会用when的修饰位置来排题。我只会用when从句的结构来排题

teddybearj4

谢谢飞扬兄台的分享啊~资料真好~赞一个先~
但有些还是不是很明白呀~求点拨~

1、if you are implying that pronouns automatically stand for whichever noun is closest to them, that is very, very wrong.

if the pronoun has multiple possible antecedents, a much more important factor is whether the pronoun is parallel to the intended noun.
for instance, if a pronoun serves as the subject of its clause, and there are two possible antecedents -- one that is the subject of its own clause, and one that is not -- then the pronoun will generally be taken to stand for the former, even if the former is much farther away.代词平行原则

代词平行指代这个名词的意思我就昏昏的，是指在考虑代词指代的时候看这个代词在它的句子中是做主语，还是做宾语的，然后对应看看前面的主语或宾语或者考虑，而不是看最近的指代。
而如果前面有多个可以指代的符合了上面的一条原则，就是对应指代了。但是还是有几个可选的词，按照单复数排除。如果还不能排除只剩唯一一个，那就是代词指代歧义了。

2、'it' is ambiguous and lacks a clear antecedent, because it could potentially refer either to 'course of action' (the intended antecedent) or to 'incipient trouble'.The nearest preceding singular noun is trouble, but the desired antecedent is course of action, which is placed too far from it. Eliminate C.

also note that grammatical parallelism doesn't help: both of those possible antecedents are objects of prepositions - neither is the subject of its own clause(which would thereby create parallelism with 'it', which is the subject of its clause).

这个是说什么平行不适用呀，看的有点迷糊，我觉得我跟上面的那个代词平行指代有点搞不清谁和谁了~能不能举个例子？

谢谢~O(∩_∩)O

-- by 会员 teddybearj4 (2012/2/6 16:08:36)

example:
the small vignettesappearing in the plays are unrepresentative of real-life situations, but they...
here, "they" will automatically refer to "vignettes" - NOT"plays" - because it's parallel to "vignettes" (both aresubjects of their respective clauses).

-- by 会员 清飞扬 (2012/2/6 16:44:44)

啊~我脑袋被驴踢了！！！我的第一个问题怎么没有打问号！！！我刚看到的时候还在伤心为什么第一个问题木有回答TT
飞扬兄，我重新发一下第一个问题的疑惑：

1、if you are implying that pronouns automatically stand for whichever noun is closest to them, that is very, very wrong.

if the pronoun has multiple possible antecedents, a much more important factor is whether the pronoun is parallel to the intended noun.
for instance, if a pronoun serves as the subject of its clause, and there are two possible antecedents -- one that is the subject of its own clause, and one that is not -- then the pronoun will generally be taken to stand for the former, even if the former is much farther away.代词平行原则

代词平行指代这个名词的意思我就昏昏的，是不是指在考虑代词指代的时候看这个代词在它的句子中是做主语，还是做宾语的，然后对应看看前面的主语或宾语或者考虑，而不是看最近的指代？
而如果前面有多个可以指代的符合了上面的一条原则，就是对应指代了。但是还是有几个可选的词，按照单复数排除。如果还不能排除只剩唯一一个，那就是代词指代歧义了？

清飞扬

一般就近指代，前面的先行词不多就一个。像是这道题的选项B， one能够就近指代course of action，因为就一个先行词

但是如果前面有多个先行词的时候，可以考虑代词平行，就像是刚才那个例子the small vignettesappearing in the plays are unrepresentative of real-life situations, but they...
here, "they" will automatically refer to "vignettes" - NOT"plays"

如果没有这个平行的原则，你能够区分这个they到底指代谁的吗

代词指代，建议你别太过看重。代词可以用作很好的排题点，当未划线句内出现代词的时候，其单复数可以用来判断主谓一致，选择正确的verb或者是noun（是each还是all)，比如prep 08,sec1/190这道.

The thirteen original British colonies in North America, some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens, each had a written charter that set forth its form of government and the rights of the colonists.

但是代词的ambiguous不是绝对性错误。在这点上GMAT对这个考点有时容忍有时不容忍。这题他们没有容忍。但是prep 07/sec1 no.1那道fish就是容忍的

teddybearj4

一般就近指代，前面的先行词不多就一个。像是这道题的选项B， one能够就近指代course of action，因为就一个先行词

但是如果前面有多个先行词的时候，可以考虑代词平行，就像是刚才那个例子the small vignettesappearing in the plays are unrepresentative of real-life situations, but they...
here, "they" will automatically refer to "vignettes" - NOT"plays"

如果没有这个平行的原则，你能够区分这个they到底指代谁的吗

代词指代，建议你别太过看重。代词可以用作很好的排题点，当未划线句内出现代词的时候，其单复数可以用来判断主谓一致，选择正确的verb或者是noun（是each还是all)，比如prep 08,sec1/190这道.

The thirteen original British colonies in North America, some formed as commercial ventures, others as religious havens, each had a written charter that set forth its form of government and the rights of the colonists.

但是代词的ambiguous不是绝对性错误。在这点上GMAT对这个考点有时容忍有时不容忍。这题他们没有容忍。但是prep 07/sec1 no.1那道fish就是容忍的

-- by 会员 清飞扬 (2012/2/6 17:28:20)

谢谢~解释的非常的清楚明白！！！

有理想没有钱

mark......................

Royzhang0929

飞扬兄，有一个疑问，是关于one 的用法的ron说
"ones" MUST be used with some sort ofqualifier or modifier; it cannot be used by itself.
但是B


【B. An executive who is heavily committed to a courseof action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs ofincipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.】

这里面的one后面不就是有一个that来起修饰作用吗？这样是不是说这里的one是没错的呢？

michaelmay17

学习了~

清飞扬

飞扬兄，有一个疑问，是关于one 的用法的ron说
"ones" MUST be used with some sort ofqualifier or modifier; it cannot be used by itself.
但是B


【B. An executive who is heavily committed to a courseof action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs ofincipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.】

这里面的one后面不就是有一个that来起修饰作用吗？这样是不是说这里的one是没错的呢？

-- by 会员 Royzhang0929 (2012/2/17 10:03:15)

好像笔记里写的是ones，不是指one吧“"ones" MUST be used with some sort ofqualifier or modifier; it cannot be used by itself”


one和ones的用法是不同的。one你可以参考曼哈顿的书里有具体的描述。这道B的ones用法根据这个原则是错误的

Suri在奋斗

【C. An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.】
我看讨论，觉得这道选项的代词的问题关键是在于里离其antecedent太远了
不存在所谓的指代模糊的问题
原因是楼主整理的是代词要平行，manhattan第五章代词也强调了 a pronoun in subject position in one clasuse may ofen be presumed to refer to the subject of a parallerl clause
这样说的
还有一个原因可以来补充lz整理的关于代词平行这个点，it不可能指代到incipient trouble
在og78题
Fossils of the arm of a sloth found in Puerto Rico in
1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the
earliest known mammal of the Greater Antilles Islands
中的a选项
(A) sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at
34 million years old, made it the earliest known
mammal of
og明确说到

Because sloth is the object of a preposition
and not the subject of the sentence, there is
no reasonable antecedent for the pronoun it;
整理的时候想到之前的一点，稍微补充一下


感谢lz整理很赞~~

Suri在奋斗

还有一个问题，og上说B选项中的when they do appear的位置是misplaced，还是不懂，感觉没啥错位的呀