确认了一篇和月度 jj43—“佛教manuscript”有关的文章，看本帖12楼吧

ashleyker

那个。。。我是7号早上考的。有这篇文章。真心变态。我文章大略扫了一眼，然后就开始根据题目来在文章里找对应内容做的。当时死的心都有了。。。。。。

-- by 会员 小姜姜 (2011/12/9 14:04:41)

是这篇吗？那您能不能大概帮助截取一些出来。现在这个也太长了吧？看得我死的心都有了！

muzisun

顶一个~

小姜姜

Through some stunning finds over the last decade,researchers studying early Buddhist manuscripts here at the University ofWashington and at the British Library are confirming a longstanding hypothesisthat an ancient tradition of Buddhistliterature existed in Gandhari, a dialect of Prakrit, an early Indic languagethat developed from Sanskrit. They are confident that that canon may soon takeits place next to the four other great traditions of Buddhist texts: the livingtraditions of Pali, Chinese, and Tibetan, and the ancient, fragmentary one ofSanskrit.
考试的阅读第一段就是这一段，一字不差，当时觉得句子太长了。只意会了一下，似乎就是说一种未被认可的、证据不够充分的，literature和世界其他四大传统应该同等重要，所以就可以知道阅读的topic肯定是an ancient tradition of Buddhist literature。

The Gandhari canon may prove to be a crucial linkin understanding the way Buddhism moved northward along the Silk Road, intoCentral and East Asia, even as it largely died out in India, where it was bornin the fifth or fourth century BC. "We'reputting this language on the map of major languages of the ancient world, whichit really was," says Richard G. Salomon, a professor of Asianlanguages and Sanskrit here, and the director of the British Library-Universityof Washington Early Buddhist Manuscripts Project.
这一段不太有印象考试里有没有完整出现，但是还是可以很清楚的看到文章的主线就是在讲一系列关于这个language的存在过的证据的找寻以及其重要性的探讨。

Although no other substantial Gandhari manuscripthad come to light, Mr. Salomon was among a handful of researchers who studiedthe language, from the Brough edition, from secular documents in a relatedlanguage, and from inscriptions on pots, coins, and archaeological ruins. Mr.Salomon specialized in those arcane inscriptions, which are in Kharosthi, ascript based on the Aramaic alphabet.
个人觉得这一段其实也没有太重要，同样意会，就是说在这个阶段证据依然不充分，但是这群researchers还是在很努力的研究，从其他的相关语言中寻找证据，从一些文物如壶、硬币、废墟里面寻找这种language(或者说traditionalliterature存在过的证据)。

In 1994,ananonymous donor had given the library 29 fragile and fragments of manuscript onbirch-bark rolls. "aper and vellum are like cast iron bycomparison," says Mr. Shaw. "The sheer fact that any kinds ofmanuscripts on this material have survived is a miracle."
对应这段话后文似乎在一道题有专门考，不太记得了。只是很清楚的记得“匿名人士的捐赠”，反正要麼是针对这段话专门考了一道题，要麼就是这段话成为了某道题的一个选项。

One such find -- eight small, contiguousfragments, making a piece about the size of a page from a standard paperback,from a large commentary on the benefits of meditation -- has just been acquiredby the University of Washington Libraries, while the other manuscripts are atthe British Library. Because the documents are so fragile, the Washingtonresearchers study digital and photographic images of them.

Interlinearnotations such as "copied"indicate that the manuscripts were discarded ones that had been replaced byfreshly made ones. Apparently, says Mr. Salomon, the monasteries hadwell-organized scriptoriums and large libraries even at that early stage.
我碰到的考题当中有一道是吧copied这个单词highlight了。然后问这个词为什麼要打引号。找到这篇文章就更好了，因为考试中的阅读题把这一段换了个形式表达，虽然也用引号强调了copied这个单词，但是并没有后面的indicate.而题目就是问“这个高亮的copiedindicate了什麼？”找到原文的各位你们比我幸福太多，我是自己绞尽脑汁联系被改的体无完肤的上下文才选出“themanuscripts were discarded ones that had been replaced by freshly made ones”，如果考试碰到这道infer题一定一定不要大错啦！送分的噢！

Wonderful, agrees Mr. Shaw of the British Library,because the writings in the new manuscripts are proving to be closer to thosein Chinese Buddhist versions than to those in the Pali canon, which has generallybeen regarded as the standard. "There were obviously various Buddhistcanons circulating in early days in different dialects," he says. Themanuscripts also throw light on the waythat Buddhist tradition was transmitted. "Oral transmission had been the preferred or normal way -- memorization,recitation, and so forth," says Mr. Salomon. "What we're nowfinding out is that, in the first and second century AD, the notion of writingthings down took off in a big way."
这一段也不太有印象……=______=原谅我！但是记得有一道题目的选项里是我加粗的这段话“口头传播是更加普遍的方式”，题目不记得了。。。只记得选项有一个是这个。



写在最后。看到这道阅读的时候头都要炸了，觉得文章又长主题又奇怪，还有很多不认识的单词和长难句有木有！！！加上做verbal时间也不是很够，我采用的是先略看全文，懂个大概，再根据每道题去文章中找对应的段落并联系上下文选出答案。说起来好像很容易，其实考场上还是满考验心态的，这里教给大家一个考试的心态。。。就是，你觉得难，肯定也会有其他人觉得难，你只要做出了选择，就比没做完没来得及做出选择的人要好，简单来说就是“死皮赖脸”四个字。拿我自己举例，提前三个月就开始备考GMAT，然后一开始上学各种科目各种考试周，最后只剩三天，三天里还因为看“我可能不会爱你”“gossip girl”等无聊剧集，废掉了两天半，最后只好在考试前一天晚上刷夜看了四五个小时JJ（我只看了数学和逻辑，数学有用，逻辑嘛。。。看个人了，我觉得没什麼用），正是这种死皮赖脸的优质心态，让我以及其稀烂的备考状态（OG没做完，GWD，prep碰都没碰），首战710（数学还是悲剧的49.。。。。。），不上不下的分数有点尴尬，有机会还是准备再刷刷。
最后的最后，最后祝大家都考好。即使这次没考好，下次也会考好。因为。。。
人品守恒，攒人品不止。

                                          爱你们的姜姜姜姜

ashleyker

小姜姜，太感谢您了！顺便，您记忆力超好的说！要是我根本就不可能记住什么。

billynn

顶

yangwq2006

谢谢NN！

积累rp小火星

小姜姜你看得那些无聊的剧集我也在看诶。。。好人好记性

grandcharles

感谢！

Wtfabc

感谢小姜姜

anshanada

亮点啊！