GWD 10-24

raisinzz

以下是引用LES在2005-3-28 17:25:00的发言：

For the last five years the Dutch economy has grown faster than Britain, France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained well below that of the other three countries.

1. Britain, France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained
2. have those of Britain, France, or Germany, and the unemployment rate remaining
3. have Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained
4. the economy of Britain, France, and Germany, with the unemployment rate that has remained
5. the economies of Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained

再试着阐述一下本题所涉及的两个讨论焦点。呵呵

1. with的复合结构作独立主格

结构形式： with + 名词(代词) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语 由此可以判断D选项的后半句：with the unemployment rate that has remained...不复合上述结构，因为that has...是定语从句修饰the unemployment rate的，所以缺少上述结构中的划线部分。 参考：OG104，E选项：with meat as a rarity,即 (with + 名词 + 介词短语) 结构。 2. 关于economy的单复数问题。                              想想再说，呵呵。

选e,同意with引导的独立主格结构d

这个说法。

独立主格做伴随状语，有三种形式

1。一般， n/代词＋分词/adj/adv/to do/介词短语  －－－－松散逻辑关系

2。with引导， with+宾语＋宾补（ing/ed/adj/adv/prep）－－－紧密逻辑关系 此题的情况

3。each引导，  n, each+介词短语/adj短语/ed/ing －－－强调句尾名词 （with后修饰germany的疑惑也解决）

Mayanist

以下是引用raisinzz在2009-1-22 3:00:00的发言：

选e,同意with引导的独立主格结构d

这个说法。

独立主格做伴随状语，有三种形式

1。一般， n/代词＋分词/adj/adv/to do/介词短语  －－－－松散逻辑关系

2。with引导， with+宾语＋宾补（ing/ed/adj/adv/prep）－－－紧密逻辑关系 此题的情况

3。each引导，  n, each+介词短语/adj短语/ed/ing －－－强调句尾名词 （with后修饰germany的疑惑也解决）

这个题GWD 10-24

For the last five years the Dutch economy has grown faster than Britain, France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained well below that of the other three countries.

1. Britain, France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained
2. have those of Britain, France, or Germany, and the unemployment rate remaining
3. have Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained
4. the economy of Britain, France, and Germany, with the unemployment rate that has remained
5. the economies of Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained

这个题的讨论焦点错了啊，看清楚逻辑上的并列和对比就行了：

一个大并列：the economy and the unemployment rate，

然后并列成分下各一个contrast：

the Dutch economy   vs. the economies of B F and G

the (Dutch) unemployment rate  vs. that (rate) of other three countries (B F and G)

天蝎座1107

以下是引用足球幽灵在2008-6-16 15:35:00的发言：

NY TIMES 上的原句：But for the last five years the Dutch economy has grown faster than those of Britain, France and Germany, and unemployment -- at 6.5 percent -- is well below that of the large European countries.

地址是：http://203.208.37.104/search?q=cache:yrDzVbvYTDcJ:query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html%3Fres%3D9400EFD9103FF935A25755C0A961958260+%22For+the+last+five+years+the+Dutch+economy%22&hl=zh-CN&ct=clnk&cd=2&gl=cn&client=aff-cs-gosurf&st_usg=ALhdy28BENlZArY79nYfnVr82XxOHQLOJA

For the last five years the Dutch economy has grown faster than Britain, France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained well below that of the other three countries. 

A. Britain, France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained

B. have those of Britain, France, or Germany, and the unemployment rate remaining

C. have Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained

D. the economy of Britain, France, and Germany, with the unemployment rate that has remained

E. the economies of Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained

看了半天讨论。我的困惑也在最后那个that上。现在我想清楚了，Dutch economy与B,F,G三国economies和比较；Dutch 的unemployment rate与B,F,G三国的unemployment rate比较 当然这里三国的unemployment rate不是要相加呢 只能是三国一起算的一个rate 三国总失业人口/三国总人口 因为例如B,F,G三国的unemployment rate分别是10%,20%,30%他们三国一起的unemployment可不是60% 不是一个和 而是一个统一平均过后的一个值 所以这里用that没有错误

xiangmin225

以下是引用天蝎座1107在2009-3-26 16:02:00的发言：

For the last five years the Dutch economy has grown faster than Britain, France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained well below that of the other three countries. 

A. Britain, France, or Germany, with the unemployment rate having remained

B. have those of Britain, France, or Germany, and the unemployment rate remaining

C. have Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained

D. the economy of Britain, France, and Germany, with the unemployment rate that has remained

E. the economies of Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment rate has remained

看了半天讨论。我的困惑也在最后那个that上。现在我想清楚了，Dutch economy与B,F,G三国economies和比较；Dutch 的unemployment rate与B,F,G三国的unemployment rate比较 当然这里三国的unemployment rate不是要相加呢 只能是三国一起算的一个rate 三国总失业人口/三国总人口 因为例如B,F,G三国的unemployment rate分别是10%,20%,30%他们三国一起的unemployment可不是60% 不是一个和 而是一个统一平均过后的一个值 所以这里用that没有错误

天蝎MM的理解非常赞，一下子就解答了最想不通的地方。

唉，这ETS挖坑真是一个比一个深啊。

Liu_leaf

BoBO的上面的例子正好说明我的观点：使用That或是Those来来代替前面出现的名词，并不取决于该名词在句中出现的本身的数，而是取决于其后的，实际上所代替的名词的数：Few pleasures can equal that of a cool drink on a hot day，说明之前TianWan前辈NN说的关于those和that的指代还是有些问题的。但是从另一方面来看，虽然此类用法语法可行，但是GMAC好像并不是十分支持，不然答案就不会直接使用economies了。

初夏的味道

为什么不用不出have这个助动词

pangniu

是啊，助动词不同为什么不补出，has和have不同啊。虽然没有这样令人满意的选项

mars_cheung

For the last five years the Dutch economy has grown faster than the economies of Britain, France, and Germany,  economies 前的 have 不用补出

因为当主语比较时，如果不产生歧义，谓语动词是可以省略的。

gmat928

看了这么多大牛的精彩解答，意犹未尽，综合一下

关于economy的单复数，economies没有歧义，如果是单数，反而会有歧义认为几个国家同一个经济体
For the last five years the Dutch economy has grown faster than the economies of Britain, France, and Germany,  economies 前的 have 不用补出，因为当主语比较时，如果不产生歧义，谓语动词是可以省略的。

按照这个原理，对下一种句型只有主谓，没有宾语的句子，因为没有宾语，只可能有主语比较，因而不需要重复do来确认这是一个可发出动作的主语，所以其比较形式如下：
无宾语I eat faster than you.注意与下句区别
有宾语I eat apple faster than you do
如果写成 I eat apple faster than you 按ETS的理解，从语法上就变成我吃苹果比吃你快，成了宾语比较。逻辑上显然不通。

A　or不对；比较对象不对称；with的主语应该是Dutch 而不是 the Dutch economy，因此逻辑意思不对。The unemployment rate of Dutch对 / the unemployment rate of Dutch’s economy 错。用with将第二部分变成付属结构，改变原文逻辑意思。
B　or不对；主语比较没有歧义；助动词have不用补出；, and后面应该接完整句子。
C　主语比较没有歧义，助动词have不用补出；比较对象不对称。
D　with的主语应该是Dutch 而不该是 the Dutch economy，因此逻辑意思不对。with + n. + 从句是错误的，不是正常独立主格的惯用法（with + 名词(代词) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语），这种结构是必错的。不能用the economy of B, F and G，要用也只能用that of…。名词不应该重复，不简洁。单数economy有歧义认为几个国家同一个经济体。用with将第二部分变成付属结构，改变原文逻辑意思。
E　 economies没有歧义，失业率用单独句子表达清楚。原文为两个比较，economy和unemployment rate，所以用and连接比较好，用with将第二部分变成付属结构，改变原文逻辑意思。"经济发展"和"失业率"应该是相对独立的两件事，所以用并列句比较合适。

gmat928

以下是引用华籍美人在2005-7-26 21:49:00的发言：

我觉得应该是D,首先：要尽量不改变原文的意思，原文比较的重点是economy, with是伴随的。而且with sth. that从句我看前面的讨论有人说这样太繁琐了，这种表达方式绝对是可以的，这可以参见OG-205的内容：with crests and troughs that remain stationary。。。不就是正确的么？

而且我觉得未划线部分是employment rate与三个国家比较用的就是单数啊，即that of ....，那么economy是不是也应该用单数呢？且省略一般是对的，但是并不能说不省略就必错无疑啊。。。



个人认为，“with+n.+that从句”相当于“with+n.”，这个结构与with引导的独立主格结构是不同的

独立主格结构实际上是有主谓结构的，所以修饰的是前面的整个句子或者说是某个动作

而with+n.结构则一般就近修饰前面的n.，例如你说的OG-205：the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is known as "standing waves."这里的with crests and troughs that修饰的是pattern，而非独立主格结构修饰整个句子

由此，本题D选项的“, with the unemployment rate that has remained ... ”倾向于修饰Germany或者the economy of B, F, and G，不符合逻辑

-- by 会员 wwwhahchn (2005/8/31 14:44:00)

有道理