119. 42s P: The proposed plan is to charge people fees for the main highways nearby the new rail line. C: The drivers will be forced to take such highway toll fees, so the plan should be rejected. W: The drivers will not drive on the new rail line since they only drive in local areas.
(A) Before the authority increases tolls on any of the area bridges, it is required by law to hold public hearings at which objections to the proposed increase can be raised. --> what happened before the increase of tolls is not relevant. (B) Whenever bridge tolls are increased, the authority must pay a private contractor to adjust the automated toll-collecting machines. --> check the toll collecting machines is irrelevant. (C) Between the time a proposed toll increase is announced and the time the increase is actually put into effect, many commuters buy more tokens than usual to postpone the effects of the increase. --> support. (D) When tolls were last increased on the two bridges in question, almost 20 percent of the regular commuter traffic switched to a slightly longer alternative route that has since been improved. --> yes (E) The chairman of the authority is a member of the Tristate Automobile Club that has registered strong opposition to the proposed toll increase. --> irrelevant.
120. S: increase tolls can increase the commuters (A) Even with the proposed toll increase, the average bridge toll in the tristate region would remain less than the tolls charged in neighboring states. --> there is no need the comparison. (B) Any attempt to finance the improvements by raising rail fares would result in a decrease in ridership and so would be self-defeating. --> weaken (C) Automobile commuters benefit from well-maintained bridges, and in the tristate region bridge maintenance is funded out of general income tax revenues to which both automobile and rail commuters contribute. --> funding is irrelevant. (D) The roads along the route served by the rail line are highly congested and drivers benefit when commuters are diverted from congested roadways to mass transit. --> yeah. (E) The only alternative way of funding the proposed improvements now being considered is through a regional income tax surcharge, which would affect automobile commuters and rail commuters alike. --〉this is a method but it cannot explain anything.
121. 19s P: The manufacture normally offers discount to the retailers for a period, and the retailers can make more profit. C: However, the retailers can still make profit without such discount service. S: The leftover products can be sold out in their original prices.
(A) The amount of discount generally offered by manufacturers to retailers is carefully calculated to represent the minimum needed to draw consumers’ attention to the product. --> this is irrelevant. (B) For many consumer products the period of advertising discounted prices to consumers is about a week, not sufficiently long for consumers to become used to the sale price. --> this doesn't support that the retailers can still make profit without discount. (C) For products that are not newly introduced, the purpose of such promotions is to keep the products in the minds of consumers and to attract consumers who are currently using competing products. --> this is the plan of company, but this cannot explain why the retailers can still make profit. (D) During such a promotion retailers tend to accumulate in their warehouses inventory bought at discount; they then sell much of it later at their regular price. --> bingo! (E) If a manufacturer fails to offer such promotions but its competitor offers them, that competitor will tend to attract consumers away from the manufacturer’s product. --> this means the retailers won't make profit without discount. Weaken.
122. 26s P: People evade their income tax, this causes the lawyer to add more tax on the non-evaders. C: More and more tax payers try to evade the tax. R: The lawyer has to regulate the income tax for tax payers.
(A) An increase in tax rates tends to function as an incentive for taxpayers to try to increase their pretax incomes. --> An increase in tax rates would cause a more vicious cycle. (B) Some methods for detecting tax evaders, and thus recovering some tax revenue lost through evasion, bring in more than they cost, but their success rate varies from years to year. --> this is a make up plan, and it won't help from the root of vicious cycle. (C) When lawmakers establish income tax rates in order to generate a certain level of revenue, they do not allow adequately for revenue that will be lost through evasion. --> yeah. (D) No one who routinely hides some taxable income can be induced by a lowering of tax rates to stop hiding such income unless fines for evaders are raised at the same time. --> this is not a method. (E) Taxpayers do not differ from each other with respect to the rate of taxation that will cause them to evade taxes. --> the types of taxpayers are irrelevant.
124. 29s P: The physics classes cannot attract students any more. C: So the school plans to involve more images and visualized things into physics to attract students. S: These visualized things are very important in the modern world.
(A) Several of the fundamental principles of physics are involved in producing and analyzing visual images. --> 说了半天，还是说physics itself，this cannot explain the plan will be successful. (B) Knowledge of physics is becoming increasingly important in understanding the technology used in today’s world. --> knowledge of physics is important, but it doesn't say anything about the visualized images. (C) Equipment that a large producer of photographic equipment has donated to the high school could be used in the proposed curriculum. -> the donation from a high school is irrelevant. (D) The number of students interested in physics today is much lower than the number of students interested in physics 50 years ago. --> This is to weaken the argument. (E) In today’s world the production and analysis of visual images is of major importance in communications, business, and recreation. --> bingo!
121. 19s P: The manufacture normally offers discount to the retailers for a period, and the retailers can make more profit. C: However, the retailers can still make profit without such discount service. S: The leftover products can be sold out in their original prices.
121. 19s P: The manufacture normally offers discount to the retailers for a period, and the retailers can make more profit. C: However, the retailers can still make profit without such discount service. S: The leftover products can be sold out in their original prices.
-- by 会员 fox0923 (2011/11/16 3:33:15)
fox，这个逻辑链是怎么推出来的，为什么我就看不出里面的道道来？？
-- by 会员 陈小宅 (2012/1/5 0:36:23)
Manufacturers sometimes discount the price of a product to retailers for a promotion period when the product is advertised to consumers. 这部分是premise，就是说供应商有时会给零售业一些discount在产品上。 Such promotion often result in a dramatic increase in amount of product sold by the manufacturers to retailers. 这部分同样是premise，这些promotion（即discount）通常可以让供应商卖给零售商更多的商品。 Nevertheless, the manufacturers could often make more profit by not holding the promotions. 结论：尽管如此，供应商可以在不提供零售商这些discount的时候获更多的利。
Prephrase：零售商把这些囤积的产品要在一段时间里按照原价卖出去。 (D) During such a promotion retailers tend to accumulate in their warehouses inventory bought at discount; they then sell much of it later at their regular price.
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楼主
发表于 2011-11-16 21:36:23
小概率事件发生在我身上了
