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[语文] 新GRE阅读理解36套每日讨论--61(qq群178674184)

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发表于 2011-11-11 06:04:58 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
For each of Questions 5-8, select one answer choice unless otherwise instructed.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the following reading passage.


       resent-day philosophers usually envision their discipline as
       an endeavor that has been, since antiquity, distinct from and
       superior to any particular intellectual
       discipline such as theology or science. The basis for this
5     view, however, lies in a serious misinterpretation of the past,
       a projection of modern concerns onto past events. The idea
       of an autonomous discipline called "philosophy", distinct
       from and sitting in judgment on such pursuits as theology
       and science turns out, on close examination, to
10   be of quite recent origin. When, in the seventeenth century,
       Descartes and Hobbes rejected medieval philosophy, they
       did not think of themselves, as modern philosophers do,
       as proposing a new and better philosophy, but rather as
       furthering "the warfare between
15   science and theology". They were fighting, albeit discreetly,
       to open the intellectual world to the new science and to
       liberate intellectual life from ecclesiastical philosophy
       and envisioned their work as contributing to the growth,
       not of philosophy, but of research in
20   mathematics and physics. This link between philosophical
       interests and scientific practice persisted until the
       nineteenth century, when decline in ecclesiastical power
       over scholarship and changes in the nature of science
       provoked the final separation of philosophy from both.
25   The demarcation of philosophy from science was
       facilitated by the development in the early nineteenth
       century of a new notion, that philosophy‘s core interest
       should be epistemology, the general explanation of what
       it means to know something. Modern philosophers now
30   trace that notion back at least to Descartes and Spinoza,
       but it was not explicitly articulated until the late eighteenth
       century, by Kant, and did not become built into the structure
       of academic institutions and the standard
       self-descriptions of philosophy professors until the late
35   nineteenth century. Without the idea of epistemology,
       the survival of philosophy in an age of modern
       science is hard to imagine. Metaphysics, philosophy‘s
       traditional core—considered as the
       most general description of how
40   the heavens and the earth are put together—had been
       rendered almost completely meaningless by the
       spectacular progress of physics. Kant, however, by focusing
       philosophy on the problem of knowledge, managed to
       replace metaphysics with epistemology, and
45   thus to transform the notion of philosophy as "queen of
       sciences" into the new notion of philosophy as a separate,
       foundational discipline: philosophy became "primary" no
       longer in the sense of "highest" but in the sense of "underlying".


5. Which of the following best expresses the author‘s
main point?
○A Philosophy‘s overriding interest in basic human
questions is a legacy primarily of the work of Kant.
○B Philosophy was deeply involved in the seventeenth-
century warfare between science and religion.
○C The set of problems of primary importance to
philosophers has remained relatively constant since antiquity.
○D The status of philosophy as an independent
intellectual pursuit is a relatively recent development.
○E The role of philosophy in guiding intellectual
speculation has gradually been usurped by science.
For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply


6. The author of the passage implies which of the
following in discussing the development of philosophy during the nineteenth century EXCEPT?
□A Nineteenth-century philosophy took science as its
model for understanding the bases of knowledge.
□B Nineteenth-century philosophers carried out a
program of investigation explicitly laid out by
Descartes and Spinoza.
□C Kant had an overwhelming impact on the direction of
nineteenth-century philosophy.


7. Select the sentence in the passage in which the author characterizes Descartes‘ support for the new science of the seventeenth century.
For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply


8. With which of the following statements concerning the writing of history would the author of the passage be most likely to agree?
□A History should not be distorted by attributing
present-day consciousness to historical figures.
□B History should be concerned with describing those
aspects of the past that differ most from those of the
present.
□C History should not emphasize the role played by
ideas over the role played by individuals.
发表于 2011-11-11 10:12:25 | 显示全部楼层
D
BC
When, in the seventeenth century,..
B

好长。。
发表于 2011-11-11 23:18:27 | 显示全部楼层
D
A
When
A
 楼主| 发表于 2011-11-13 11:30:53 | 显示全部楼层
正确答案:
5. D. 6. AB 7. They were fighting, albeit discreetly, ... 8. A

好像没有人全对,要继续加油啊!!!
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