Season 2——manhattan 31（已点评）

Jimmyzhang2012

选A
A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
用过去完成时表达过去的过去这一含义 清晰的体现了事件的先后顺序。同位语的结构修饰phlogiston 也很简洁明了

B many scientists believed that phlogiston was an imaginary substance released by combustion and its properties were not fully understood
一般过去时不好； its指代不明：语法上指代靠近的combusion ，逻辑意义上指代较远的phlogiston

C phlogiston was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood and which many scientists had believed was released by combustion
and连接的成分不平行 提炼一下前后成分就变成 was an substance and which...

D phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood, was believed by scientists to be released by combustion
两个被动读起来都饶口

E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
phlogiston was an imaginary substance 是一个常识性描述 应该用一般现在时。即便用了一般现在时 和A比还是同位语修饰简洁明了

leo5702

从今天起的十道题，由我post哈~大家早安~Keep fighting.

31. Until Antoine Lavoisier proved otherwise in the eighteenth century, many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood.
A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
B many scientists believed that phlogiston was an imaginary substance released by combustion and its properties were not fully understood
C phlogiston was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood and which many scientists had believed was released by combustion
D phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood, was believed by scientists to be released by combustion
E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/10/18 8:22:30)

直到A.L. proved……， many scientists had believed that……，a substance……
时态和同位语
选a
b，时态错；
c，定语从句指代错误，应该指代phlogiston，而不是substance。主语改成了phlogiston。
d，时态和被动语态不好；
e，被动语态表达不如a好。

majestywhite

Until Antoine Lavoisier proved otherwise in the eighteenth century, many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood.
A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
B many scientists believed that phlogiston was an imaginary substance released by combustion and its properties were not fully understood
C phlogiston was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood and which many scientists had believed was released by combustion
D phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood, was believed by scientists to be released by combustion
E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood

我选E。
首先，until后面是过去式，根据句意主句用过去完成时很合适。于是AB比较，就可以排除B。同时，B是被动语态也不是很好。
C里面，which指代不好！指代不到前面 的P这个物质。
D里面，从头到尾的被动态，不好，而且主句最好用人做主语，与until从句的AL这个人对称一下。gmat讲究对称美哈。
AE里面我纠结了很久。
后来选了E。
是因为根据句子意思的完整程度。
A说，直到AL证明XXX，很多科学家在以前都认为C释放P，然后是P的同位语。
E说，直到AL证明XXX，很多科学家在以前都认为P是由C释放的且P是一种属性不被人完全地理解的虚拟物质。


那么A的意思就暗示了AL证明C没释放P。
而E的意思暗示了P的释放问题和P到底是不是虚拟物质。


感觉上来讲，除了被动语态问题，E都很好，虽然GMAT也很prefer主动态，但我觉得从句意上来讲E更加完整和符合逻辑。所以我选E

jj449

ADE里纠结了半天，我觉得选A……

hhou

从今天起的十道题，由我post哈~大家早安~Keep fighting.

31. Until Antoine Lavoisier proved otherwise in the eighteenth century, many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood.
A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
B many scientists believed that phlogiston was an imaginary substance released by combustion and its properties were not fully understood
C phlogiston was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood and which many scientists had believed was released by combustion
D phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood, was believed by scientists to be released by combustion
E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/10/18 8:22:30)

选A
“Until ...”，在过去的一个动作前发生的，时态应该用过去完成，排除BCD
A明显优于E，Ewordy

maxiv

31. Until Antoine Lavoisier proved otherwise in the eighteenth century,
   many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood.
A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
       combustion released phlogiston是被认知的一个概念，不应该ed格式
B many scientists believed that phlogiston was an imaginary substance released by combustion and its properties were not fully understood
   were复数错；it指代不明。
C phlogiston was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood and which many scientists had believed was released by combustion
   whose就近指代，logic错；which指代过远。
D phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood, was believed by scientists to be released by combustion
   awkward，莫名其妙的倒装和插入语。
E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
   对


答错了

本题是一道经典的非语法题，而更多的是“语意题”！------------很难
注意until对主语动作的限定。
也就是说xdf的句子顺序不能轻易改变的“铁律”曾经被人说不准，但也并非一定错。
当句子主语发生变化的时候，以及结构发生变化的时候，一定要检查是否扭曲了句意（尤其联系时态看）

balapupu

31. Until Antoine Lavoisier proved otherwise in the eighteenth century, many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood.
A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood?R had 很好的表现了时间的对比.
B many scientists believed that phlogiston was an imaginary substance released by combustion and its properties were not fully understood?被动语态木有主动语态简洁，时态木有A好.
C phlogiston was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood and which many scientists had believed was released by combustion?逻辑主语不对，which指代 不好，被动也不好.
D phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood, was believed by scientists to be released by combustion?逻辑主语不对, 被动也不好.
E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood?and 前后不平行.

南瓜0729

31. Until Antoine Lavoisier proved otherwise in the eighteenth century, many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood.
A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
B many scientists believed that phlogiston was an imaginary substance released by combustion and its properties were not fully understood  从句变成并列句 改变意思 而且被动不如主动好
C phlogiston was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood and which many scientists had believed was released by combustion  应该是scientist为主语
D phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood, was believed by scientists to be released by combustion 修饰模糊 而且被动不如主动
E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood  改变句意选A

maxiv

31. Until Antoine Lavoisier proved otherwise in the eighteenth century, many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood.

A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
对。但是后面的were有点吓人哦，时态对吗。

B many scientists believed that phlogiston was an imaginary substance released by combustion and its properties were not fully understood
有until，所以had不能扔

C phlogiston was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood and which many scientists had believed was released by combustion
and前后的平行是什么啊。was错

D phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood, was believed by scientists to be released by combustion
有until，所以was错

E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
release与be不平行

zhitaochen

A many scientists had believed that combustion released phlogiston, an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood
E many scientists had believed that phlogiston was released by combustion and was an imaginary substance whose properties were not fully understood

MO: A