Season 2——manhattan 26（Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics）

毛毛carina

26. Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics, the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in that particular area.
A the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads
B the chapter of the textbook on genetics is surprisingly tentative, leading
C the textbook contains a surprising and tentative chapter on genetics, which leads
D the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative and leads
E the textbook is surprisingly tentative in its chapter on genetics, leading


The original sentence contains severalerrors. First, the opening modifier "given its authoritative coverage ofother science topics" describes the textbook as a whole, yet the subjectof the main clause is "the textbook's chapter on genetics." Second,the relative pronoun "which" is used here to modify the entire clause"the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative." "Which"must modify the immediately preceding noun only; it cannot modify the action ofan entire clause, as it does here.


(A) This choice is incorrect as it repeatsthe original sentence.


(B) The modifier issue is not correctedhere, since "the chapter" remains the subject of the main clause (asopposed to "the textbook"). However, this choice does correct themisuse of "which" by replacing it with "leading."


(C) The modifier issue is corrected here bymaking "the textbook" the subject of the main clause. However, themisuse of "which" is retained. The relative pronoun "which" is used here to modify the entireclause "the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisinglytentative." "Which" must modify the immediately preceding nounonly; it cannot modify the action of an entire clause, as it does here.  Also, the phrase "surprising andtentative" implies that the chapter on genetics is both"surprising" and "tentative," two characteristics that areindependent of one another.  However, itis clear in the original sentence that "surprisingly" is meant to bean adverb that modifies the adjective "tentative."  The chapter is "suprisinglytentative," not "suprising and tentative."


(D) The modifier issue is not correctedhere, since "the textbook's chapter" is the subject of the mainclause (as opposed to "the textbook"). Moreover, the verb"leads" is incorrectly parallel with "is" when it should besubordinate (e.g., "leading"). This makes it less clear that doubtingthe author's scholarship is a result of the tentativeness of the chapter ongenetics.

(E)CORRECT. The modifier issue is corrected here bymaking "the textbook" the subject of the main clause. Moreover,"which" is replaced by "leading," thus eliminating theincorrect use of "which" while preserving the meaning of thesentence.

题目点评：
本题涉及考点：修饰
根据前半句Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics判断，句子主语为the textbook，因此可以迅速排除A,B,D。

往后读题，可以发现选项中一个明显不同的地方在于主从句的关系，其中A、C选项使用了定语从句，which只能修饰前面的一个名词，极少情况下跳跃一个短语修饰名词。而在这里which从句错误的用于修饰前面整个主谓结构。根据句意可以判断，是the textbook is surprisingly tentative in its chapter on genetics这一情况导致了one todoubt the author's scholarship in that particular area这一结果，因此用现在分词作伴随状语表伴随的状态、条件、结果等，最合适。这是GMAT SC中现在分词最常考的一个用法，类似题目数不胜数。而像D选项错误的把lead变成了textbook发出的动作，整个句子逻辑意思错误。

此外也可以从这个角度做题，surprisingly副词形式修饰形容词tentative，而tentative用来修饰主语textbook。A,B,C,D四个选项都不满足这两个条件。

这道题让毛毛赶脚非常amazing，仅仅考了一个语法点，却给了我们三个切入点。

补充：
现在分词在GMAT SC中三个常见用法：
1，引导伴随状语从句，表伴随的状态、结果等，与主句有逗号隔开；例如本题。
2，做状语修饰句子主语，表示主动；例如
 Walking in the street，I saw him.
3，做定语修饰最近的一个名词，没有逗号隔开；例如
  A runningboy；the girl standing there

思维点评：
1，“我怎么觉得A就挺好？leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in thatparticular area指的是Chapter onGenetics， 排除E”——hhou
如果按照这样理解去分析A选项，which修饰谁？chapter leads ……in that particular area（即Chapter on Genetics），意思不对哦。

2，“AC先排除吧，which指代不对；D用并列似乎逻辑意思不对，应该是chapter的内容导致……，另外textbook的所有格可以吗（无生命的常用of吗）？E的主语是textbook，我觉得似乎和given也能说的过去，e最大的问题我觉得是在chapter的位置上吧，按照忠实于原句内容，应该是说textbook中的on genetics 的chapter。所以我选B。”——leo5702
排除A,C,D的理由都非常正确。
无生命所有格使用’s和of 两种形式都是可以的，没有绝对的规定，优先使用of的形式，但不能通过这个去排除使用了’s的选项。只有在其他部分都正确的情况下，才用此优先原则来判断。
至于如何判断B错误，请看题目点评部分啦。

3，“不过。。。我这题还是想了挺久的。之前因为没法确认主语该用谁，用表语不能跟结果状语，把E给排除了，但发现这里面除了which就是ving，且ving前面都是表语。。毛毛有什么建议不？”——innerwarrior
看前半句，other science topics就是跟chapter on genetics相对而言的，因此当然是用包括了这两个部分的textbook来做主语，这样逻辑意思才合理。
“用表语不能跟结果状语”这个说法我还真没有看到过，因为我本身不是那么注重这些太细化的基本语法感觉太多了，也记不住。所以这个问题有待探讨哈。就我现在所了解的来说啊，本来be动词做谓语还是做表语，我就觉得挺难分辨的，某高手跟我说过两遍了，我都没理解透，其他形式表语我也不熟悉，所以通常涉及表语的语法点都是我的盲点，我也不用这个去解题。然后我发现，GMAT里面只考表语的还是少之又少的，不影响做题，嘿嘿。

4，“C，最摸不清的一个。感觉its好像指代不到author‘s。这个指代问题，太纠结了。
  D，这个its应该指代不清了，textbook's和author's同时出现在它头顶上
E，in its chapter on genetics 里这个its是指代textbook's没错，但是开头Ved句里的its也应该是一样的了，错了”——geniealice
这里主要是关于一般代词和所有格代词的语法知识点了。其实没有那么混乱的，只要记住：
（1）主格和宾格名词，后面可以用一般代词和所有格代词指代它。例如：
The girl is singing，and she ismy GF。
The girl lost her way。
因此在本题，用its 指代 the textbook没有问题。
（2）所有格名词，必须用所有格代词指代。
例如第一季中的第八题：http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-589395-1-1.html


本次精华帖：
5楼  daisyの小夢想
7楼  布布布布布丁

ethanli

E？

hhou

26. Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics, the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in that particular area.
A the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads
B the chapter of the textbook on genetics is surprisingly tentative, leading
C the textbook contains a surprising and tentative chapter on genetics, which leads
D the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative and leads
E the textbook is surprisingly tentative in its chapter on genetics, leading

-- by 会员 毛毛carina (2011/10/13 9:47:09)

我怎么觉得A就挺好？
Surprise和tentative不是并列关系，排除C
leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in that particular area指的是Chapter on Genetics， 排除E

leo5702

26. Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics, the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in that particular area.
A the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads
B the chapter of the textbook on genetics is surprisingly tentative, leading
C the textbook contains a surprising and tentative chapter on genetics, which leads
D the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative and leads
E the textbook is surprisingly tentative in its chapter on genetics, leading

-- by 会员 毛毛carina (2011/10/13 9:47:09)

好纠结啊~
AC先排除吧，which指代不对；D用并列似乎逻辑意思不对，应该是chapter的内容导致……，另外textbook的所有格可以吗（无生命的常用of吗）？E的主语是textbook，我觉得似乎和given也能说的过去，e最大的问题我觉得是在chapter的位置上吧，按照忠实于原句内容，应该是说textbook中的on genetics 的chapter。所以我选B。

innerwarrior

26. Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics, the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in that particular area.
A the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads
B the chapter of the textbook on genetics is surprisingly tentative, leading
C the textbook contains a surprising and tentative chapter on genetics, which leads
D the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative and leads
E the textbook is surprisingly tentative in its chapter on genetics, leading

选E
一开始死活想不通given的主语到底是chapter还是textbook
仔细想想应该是textbook，某个章节不会覆盖别的科学领域的。
翻译：
鉴于它在别的科学领域的权威性，这本教科书在关于基因的章节中非常具有不确定，其结果就是让人去质疑作者在这个领域的专业性。
A，B，D的主语都不对
Cwhich指代chapter或textbook，指代不清，而且逻辑意思上应该是这内容造成别人的怀疑。

不过。。。我这题还是想了挺久的。之前因为没法确认主语该用谁，用表语不能跟结果状语，把E给排除了，但发现这里面除了which就是ving，且ving前面都是表语。。毛毛有什么建议不？

daisyの小夢想

E
考点：指代、修饰
A its指代不清，是指the textbook's还是the textbook's chapter's呢。which指代隔太远了。
B 同样指代不清
C surprising词性和位置变了导致语意变了。which指代不清。
D 语意上变成了 the textbook's chapter on genetics导致了....
E 指代清楚，leading表结果

geniealice

26. Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics, the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in that particular area.
A the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads
B the chapter of the textbook on genetics is surprisingly tentative, leading
C the textbook contains a surprising and tentative chapter on genetics, which leads
D the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative and leads
E the textbook is surprisingly tentative in its chapter on genetics, leading

-- by 会员 毛毛carina (2011/10/13 9:47:09)

说实话，我觉得不会做。。。


考场的话，我选B


A，which前面是adj无所指代，its应该指代的是textbook's了，而且无生命的用所有格不合适
B，主句没有问题，its指代了author's，leading分词短语修饰主语=》貌似ok。。。
C，最摸不清的一个。感觉its好像指代不到author‘s。这个指代问题，太纠结了。
    另外觉得which后的那部分应该是句意里想包含的一个重要方面，而不是非限定性这么无关紧要的。
D，这个its应该指代不清了，textbook's和author's同时出现在它头顶上
E，in its chapter on genetics 里这个its是指代textbook's没错，但是开头Ved句里的its也应该是一样的了，错了

布布布布布丁

26. Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics, the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in that particular area.
A the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads
B the chapter of the textbook on genetics is surprisingly tentative, leading
C the textbook contains a surprising and tentative chapter on genetics, which leads
D the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative and leads
E the textbook is surprisingly tentative in its chapter on genetics, leading

-- by 会员 毛毛carina (2011/10/13 9:47:09)

题挺难的，先分析吧
考点：主谓一致，修饰，逻辑语义
原文大意是，考虑到它在其他科学主题上的权威性覆盖，该课本基因这一章节却是令人惊讶的不确定，这使得有人怀疑作者在这一领域的学识水平。这个tentative真是不好翻译，勉强看看吧= =
1."given...."这一句基本告诉了我们，主语不可能是charpter；2.surprisingly只能在修饰tentative时句子意思才通顺；3."lead....."在文中是修饰主句，因为有了这一巨大落差才导致有人怀疑作者学识水平。
A.lead根据原文意思应该是修饰主句的，而不是修饰前面的genetics，且主语the textbook's chapter在逻辑上不正确，its 指代让人疑惑。
B.主语不可能是chapter，排除掉
C.原句被改成了surprising and tentative，句子意思发生改变，一个令人惊讶并且试验性的基因章节，意思上不通；wihch不能指代整句话
D.主语错误，its指代不明确。谓语变成了is and lead，意思改变成了，课本基因这一章节是试验性的并且这一章节导致了有人怀疑。并不是这一章节让人怀疑，而是这一章节的试验性导致了有人怀疑
E.主语正确，逻辑意思也正确。


因此选E

布布布布布丁

26. Given its authoritative coverage of other science topics, the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads one to doubt the author's scholarship in that particular area.
A the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative, which leads
B the chapter of the textbook on genetics is surprisingly tentative, leading
C the textbook contains a surprising and tentative chapter on genetics, which leads
D the textbook's chapter on genetics is surprisingly tentative and leads
E the textbook is surprisingly tentative in its chapter on genetics, leading

-- by 会员 毛毛carina (2011/10/13 9:47:09)

说实话，我觉得不会做。。。


考场的话，我选B


A，which前面是adj无所指代，its应该指代的是textbook's了，而且无生命的用所有格不合适
B，主句没有问题，its指代了author's，leading分词短语修饰主语=》貌似ok。。。
C，最摸不清的一个。感觉its好像指代不到author‘s。这个指代问题，太纠结了。
    另外觉得which后的那部分应该是句意里想包含的一个重要方面，而不是非限定性这么无关紧要的。
D，这个its应该指代不清了，textbook's和author's同时出现在它头顶上
E，in its chapter on genetics 里这个its是指代textbook's没错，但是开头Ved句里的its也应该是一样的了，错了

-- by 会员 geniealice (2011/10/13 16:18:26)

这两个its在意思上并没有冲突，本来应该都指代the textbook's的，第一个its如果是指代the author's，那么语义完全不通了。。。这句话的its的错误是指代不清楚

nhelpn

E吧