月讀48 連鎖書店 原文~~ 求確認!!!

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請考過的NN確認一下JJ 48連鎖書店的原文~~ 謝謝

While the rapid growth of Barnes & Noble, Borders and Amazon has made the business more centralized, each state's bookselling industry is shaped by matters as varied as climate, geography, regional economy, population growth and local culture.
Washington and Oregon, for example, both have thriving bookselling scenes that some attribute partly to the perpetual drizzle of the Pacific Northwest. As agent Stephanie Griffin said of her Oregon city, “Portland has a huge literary community. It rains a lot so there's plenty of time to read.”

For booksellers in Alaska and Hawaii, geography creates a set of difficulties distinct from those in the 48 contiguous states—from having to wait longer to get books to not being able to attract authors to travel the long distances to their stores. Beyond that, their bookselling environments have turned out to be as different as their weather: Alaska, dotted with towns too small to attract a chain store, has half the population (656,000) but a third more (15) independent bookstores than Hawaii, where Borders is the dominant bookseller, with 14 locations.
Though mass merchandisers have become an important force in bookselling throughout the country, their influence is felt in some areas much more strongly than in others. Wal-Mart, headquartered in Bentonville, Ark., is the biggest bookseller not only in its home state, but also in Mississippi, which, with the lowest average household income in the country, has attracted comparatively few national bookstores.


As for the independents' struggle to survive while competing against the chains, it continues, though most of the indies that are still in the game have developed strategies that enable them to avoid going head-to-head with national retailers on price and selection. That means locating in underserved areas as well as focusing on a niche. Take Indiana, where 97 of its 142 bookstores are independents, most operating in rural communities outside the greater Indianapolis area. “They're specialty and small stores in a state that is primarily agricultural and rural,” said Jim Dana, executive director of the Great Lakes Booksellers Association. “This is a state that—other than Indianapolis and the other cities—really depends on independent bookstores.”

For independent stores located in the shadow of a chain or big-box retailer, finding the right niche is key. “I think we're truly getting into the age of specialty stores,” said Ted Wedel, a Maryland resident who is co-owner of the sales representative group Chesapeake & Hudson. Wedel pointed to Maryland stores such as Atomic Books, specializing in pop culture titles, and Breathe, which focuses on New Age topics.


1.1.24连锁书店vs independent book stores*
V1短文

P1: 连锁书店的盛行形成了一股垄断势力，导致independentstores很难维持生计。但是连锁书店的盛行其实是由各地的地理因素决定的，比如Washington总下雨，人们就愿意呆在书店里，还有一些其他城市的例子
P2: 其实independent stores在这种垄断势力压迫下也垂死挣扎出一条血路，存活下来的其实也大获成功。貌似是IS会比较diversified，然后书店也逐渐变成了一个举办club, 签售会等活动的地方，尤其是作家越来越不愿意travel的时候，能请到作家来的书店就会很attractive
V2 candy湘 V41 12.03

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