A23，小岛调查问题，望拍

大剑Jade

这篇保证了速度，却杯具的发现篇幅有点不够。主要是因为这篇我竟然只找到了两个逻辑错误，不知道大家怎么样？


Argument
新G题号：23
题目：Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia and concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. However, my recent interviews with children living in the group of islands that includes Tertia show that these children spend much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. This research of mine proves that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture is invalid and thus that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid as well. The interview-centered method that my team of graduate students is currently using in Tertia will establish a much more accurate understanding of child-rearing traditions there and in other island cultures.
写作要求：Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
老GRE对应题号：36


In this argument, the author concludes that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid due to a lack of soundness in Dr. Field’s conclusion. Dr. Field, on the contrary, contended that children in Tertia were fostered by a whole village instead of being cultivated by their own biological parents. However, I find some flaws in assumptions of the author’s interview-centered method after a close scrutiny, showing that the author is precipitous to announce that his method will establish a more accurate understanding of child-rearing traditions there and in other island cultures.
The threshold problem in this argument would be that the author falsely assumes that the group of islands he’s performed interviews could be representative of Tertia, though Tertia is involved in those islands. As a matter of fact, the result of the group of islands might well present statistics on average, which could be far from uniform in Tertia. What if on this group of islands except Tertia children tend to speak to other adults, while children on Tertia remained taciturn on the presence of their biological parents? In this case, the truth will be masked by a number of statistics pertaining to nothing.
Moreover, even assuming that the result of the group of islands bears no difference from that of Tertia, the author’s presumption of conditions as well as situations being maintained during the past 20 years is casual, since no one could guarantee that change wouldn’t have happened these years, for fear of uncontrollable factors such as calamities. Conceding it’s not probable to expect such adversities, common things could keep the same way as they did 20 years ago as well. For example, with the progress of distribution of knowledge, children’s path of thinking could be different from their doyens, leading to a variety of behaviors as a result.
In retrospect, the author’s conclusion may prove nothing, in that he makes no effort to compare his method with Dr. Field’s directly, without which he’s lacking evidence to claim that observation-centered method is invalid. Besides, he apparently ignores to control variables such as investigating merely Tertia instead of the group of islands, as well as comparing with conclusions up to date. Only then may he draw a more convincible conclusion to refute the one drawn by Dr. Field.


386words, 30min

Alex02

我的一些提纲
反驳点：
1   Field的调查是在20年前完成的，20年后Teria岛上的culture可能有所变化，以至于和Karp的调查结果不同。
2    Karp是以一个岛群为调查对象，而Field是以Teria单个岛为调查对象，两者无可比性。
3    Karp调查的结果为小孩对双亲的谈论更多，这并不意味这些小孩是由双亲抚养，不能以此批驳Field的调查结果。
4    即便Field的调查结果有误，也不能由此推出他的以observation调查方法一定错误。
5    并不能由上述得出Karp的evidence，得出Karp的调查方法优于Field的调查方法，更不能同理推导至其他的岛屿。

大剑Jade

嗯，我是写出了1，2,4,5，不过第3点。。确实想不到。。领教了~

普渡哥

谢谢ALEX!终于有人提议建了！

donadong

好棒的提纲！~

donadong

我个人的又一点想法：调查类错误---Dr.Karp should provide more evidence to sustain his hypothesis. For example , we want to konw：what questions did Dr.Karp asked the children? Are the question designed, delibertately or unintendedly , to lead the children to talk more about biological parents?

大剑Jade

那个调查类模糊概念我考虑过，但由于题目要求是assumption,所以就不太好写了