74.Previous studies have indicated that eating chocolate increases the likelihood of getting heart disease.However, a new,more reliable study has indicated chocolate does not incease the likelihood of getting heart disease.When the results of the new study become known,consumption of chocolate will undoubtedly increase. Which of teh following is an assumption on which the conclusion above is based? A.Most people who eat a graet deal of chocolate will not get heart disease. B.Although they believe that eating chocolaet increases the likelihood of getting heart disease,some people still eat as much chocolate as they want. C.People who have heard that eating chocolate increases the likelihood of heart disease do not believe it. D.There are people who currently eat as much chocolate as they want because they have not heard that eating chocolate increases the likelihood of getting heart diseases. E.There are people who currently limit their consumption of chocolate only because they believe that eating chocolate incerases the likelihood of getting heart disease. 正确答案是B可我觉得应选D
107.Geoge bernard Shaw wrote:"That any sane nation,having obsered that you could provide for the supply of bread by giving bakers a pecuniary interest in baking for you, should go on to give a surgeon a pecunaty interest in cutting off you leg is enough to make one despair of political humanity." Shaw's statement would best serveas an illustration in an argument criticizing which of the following? A.Dentists who perform unnecessary dental work in oder to earn a profit B.Docotors who incerase their profits by specializing only in diseases that afect a large percentageof the population C.Grocers who raise price of food in order to increase their profit margins D.Oil companies that decrease the price of their oil in oder to increase their market share E.Bakers and surgeons who earn a profit by supplying other people's basic needs 请问这个肖老先生说的话到底是什么意思？
123.After graduating from high school,people rarely mutiply fractions or discuss ancient Rome,but they are confronted daily with desicions relating to home ecomomics.Yet whereas mathimatics and history are requied courses in high school curriculum,home economics is only an elective,and few students choose to take it. Which of the following positions would be best supported by the considerations above? A.If mathimatics and history were not requied courses,few students would choose to take them B.Whereas home economics would be the most useful subject for people facing the desicions they must make in daily life,often mathimatics and history can also help them face these desicions C.If it is important to teach high school students subjects that relate to decisions that will confront them in their daily lives,then home economics should be made an important part of the high school curriculum D.Mathimatics,history, and other courses that are not directly relevant to a person's daily life should not be required part of the high school curriculum E.Unless high schools put more emphasis on nonacademic subjects like home economics,people graduating from high school will never feel comfortable about makng the desicions that will confront them in their daily lives 答案C，但是C项support 的是什么呢?
107.Geoge bernard Shaw wrote:"That any sane nation,having obsered that you could provide for the supply of bread by giving bakers a pecuniary interest in baking for you, should go on to give a surgeon a pecunaty interest in cutting off you leg is enough to make one despair of political humanity." 请问这个肖老先生说的话到底是什么意思？
garfield 发表于 2003-3-11 12:37
74.Previous studies have indicated that eating chocolate increases the likelihood of getting heart d ...
Spot the question type: Necessary Assumption
Core of the argument:
Old research shows A, but New research shows B, and we can find the inconsistency within A and B, So, If people know B, People will do C
So, If people won't do C, people must not know B, and if People must not know B, people must know A. Thus, If people won't do C, people must know A.
A. Non relevant
B. ( No people eat as much chocolate as they want ) -> So, even thought they believe in A, if people eat chocolate, it must be less than what they truly desire. The negate version of the option does not prove nor object that if people do C, they must know A.
C. After negating it, we know that people don't believe in A; however, people don't believe in A does not guarantee that people either do or don't believe in B
D. Honestly speaking, D is really relevant to the question.
E. Negate it --> If people limit the consumption of the chocolate ---> they must not believe that eating chocolate increases the chances of getting heart disease. Think in this way, let us see the contrapositive of the negate version of the option --> If they believe in A, they must not limit the consumption.
We know, If they increase the consumption, they must believe in B, and if they believe in B, they must not believe in A.
garfield 发表于 2003-3-11 12:37
74.Previous studies have indicated that eating chocolate increases the likelihood of getting heart d ...
107
Spot the question type: Main point + Weaken + infer
First of all, G conclude a claim by offering an analogy to one fact as the support.
Main point is, Since you can provide for the supply of bread by giving bakers a pecuniary interest in baking for you, and you can give surgeon a pecuniary interest in cutting off your leg, so, the behavior like that make one despair of political humanity.
Meanwhile, if that Main point serves as the counterclaim by weakening an argument, it must be true that the position 2 arguments stand must be inconsistent.
we do have 2 ways of doing this
1. If both the analogy and fact offered would guarantee the claim of the author, then what we can look for is whether any other necessary condition might occur by which contradict author's claim.
2. Treat the argument of G as the " Negate version of the necessary assumption to see if any one of the answers could be objected "
Let us dive into the answers.
A. Support
B. Seems not to relevant the conclusions of " despair of political humanity "
C. Same as B.
D. Not relevant
E. Think in this way, If earn a profit, then people's basic needs is fulfilled. However, the scenarios of " making one despair of political humanity " resulting from the fact that you have to " pay " to have your basic needs fulfilled.
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发表于 2003-3-11 12:37:00
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