OG-29-Q-180

DecSurvior

其实还是有点线索的：

Apply new techniques to bacteria, (L 36 and L40) it represents a distinct evolutionary branch .

In original classficiation,  (L17)

The differences between the groups and the similarities

within each group made it seem certain to most biologists

(20) that the tree of life had only two stems.  

So if we apply new techniques to classificiation, a different group of bateria arises, --> old classification need reevaluation.

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-12-23 13:21:05编辑过]

billion

179还是不太明白，
文章通篇没有一个地方提到"biological classification"，导致无法定位。我怎么知道它就是"original classification"?

这道题og解释看了很多遍，仍然不得要领，怎么从以下highlight 出的信息推导出答案？请NN解答。

og解释：
The best answer is A. This question requires you to select the answer that, based on information presented in the passage, describes the most likely result of applying the "new techniques" (line 31) to biological classifications other than bacteria. Lines 31-36 state that these techniques "produced...information about the degree to which organisms are related." Specifically , the techniques "strongly suggested" that the prokaryote category includes two distict kinds of organisms (lines 36-37). This information, which suggests a reevaluation of the prokaryote classification, provides support for the statement that "classifications other than bacteria" are also likely to require reevaluation if the same techniques are used to study them, as A states.

skidals

以下是引用billion在2005-3-30 16:14:00的发言：

179还是不太明白，
文章通篇没有一个地方提到"biological classification"，导致无法定位。我怎么知道它就是"original classification"?

这道题og解释看了很多遍，仍然不得要领，怎么从以下highlight 出的信息推导出答案？请NN解答。

og解释：
The best answer is A. This question requires you to select the answer that, based on information presented in the passage, describes the most likely result of applying the "new techniques" (line 31) to biological classifications other than bacteria. Lines 31-36 state that these techniques "produced...information about the degree to which organisms are related." Specifically , the techniques "strongly suggested" that the prokaryote category includes two distict kinds of organisms (lines 36-37). This information, which suggests a reevaluation of the prokaryote classification, provides support for the statement that "classifications other than bacteria" are also likely to require reevaluation if the same techniques are used to study them, as A states.

我的理解，new techniques应用于prokaryote classification时strongly suggested prokaryote包含两种不同的生物体，所以需要reevaluate P的分类。同理推出，如果new techniques应用于其他biological classifications(other than bacteria)，最有可能导致其中某些分类需要被reevaluation。

不晓得偶说明白了吗

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-4-14 23:26:04编辑过]

rivergirl

能否帮我把文章的思路理一下啊,我看了老半天都看不明白

wangyu73cn

以下是引用xionghuixh在2004-12-22 2:09:00的发言：

  我不懂从原文怎么可以一定推出A答案Some of those classifications will have to be reevaluated.

我有种无从坐起的感觉

The best answer is A.

This question requires you to select the answer that, based on information presented in the passage, describes the most likely result of applying the “new techniques” (lines 31) to biological classifications other than bacteria.
本题就是问最可能的结果，所以需要进行基于文章内容的推测。为得出这种推测出来的正确选项，往往需要首先比较和排除其他选项。

Lines 31-36 state that these techniques “produced…information about the degree to which organisms are related.” Specifically, the techniques “strongly suggested” that the prokaryotes category includes two distinct kinds of organisms (lines 36-37).
基于原文，可知技术的作用和其结果。

This information, which suggests a reevaluation of the prokaryote classification, provides support for the statement that “classification other than bacteria’ are also likely to require reevaluation if the same techniques are used to study them, as A states
类比一下，A选项是最可能的。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-4-22 15:42:30编辑过]

forjoke

my 2 cents:
180, 题目其实是问老的理论的哪些部分是正确的，即使有了新发现以后。显然a被否定了，而分了3类后，c仍然是对的。

179，新技术导致了bacteria的重新分类，那么用于别的领域，也可能导致该领域的重新分类。
8楼的解释很精辟。

ring_cheng

178. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following have recently been compared in order to clarify the fundamental classifications of living things?

(A) The genetic coding in true bacteria and that in other prokaryotes

(B) The organelle structures of archaebacteria, true bacteria, and eukaryotes

(C) The cellular structures of multicellular organisms and unicellular organisms

(D) The molecular sequences in eukaryotic RNA, true bacterial RNA, and archaebacterial RNA

(E) The amino acid sequences in enzymes of various eukaryotic species and those of enzymes in archaebecterial species

想问下：解释里说The other choices cannot be inferred from the passage; each describes types of features discussed in the context of earlier, not later, research.

这里的B：organelle structure文章中好像没提到吧？文章在L4-5只提到eukaryotic有许多organelle而已。有哪位能给说说么？谢谢！

Multicellular plants and animals, as well as many unicellu-

lar organisms, are eukaryotic—their large, complex cells

(5) have a well-formed nucles and many organelles.

还是说在L20-25的structural differences已经暗含organelle structures 的比较？

Moreover, argu-

ments pointing out the extent of both structural and func-

tional differences between eukaryotes and true bacteria

convinced many biologists that the precursors of the

eukaryotes must have diverged from the common

(25)ancestor before the bacteria arose.

wangyu73cn

楼上的问题是挺精细的。organelle structures的具体意思不详、但所谓组织结构也可以指文章开头处所说的Multicellular plants and animals, as well as many unicellular organisms, are eukaryotic—their large, complex cells have a well-formed nucles and many organelles. On the other hand, the true bacteria are prokaryotic cell, which are simple and lack a nucleus. 这些内容，是对他们的组织结构的基本判断。

ring_cheng

谢谢wangyu gg的热心回答！

正是因为看到原句中Multicellular plants and animals, as well as many unicellular organisms, are eukaryotic—their large, complex cells have a well-formed nucles and many organelles（指细胞器）. On the other hand, the true bacteria are prokaryotic cell, which are simple and lack a nucleus.

才联想到选项中的The organelle structures of archaebacteria, true bacteria, and eukaryotes 是不是就是指细胞器的结构，而非生物体本身的结构？

BTW，请问我这样是不是有些钻牛角尖了？呵呵。

wangyu73cn

对于The organelle structures of archaebacteria, true bacteria, and eukaryotes中的The organelle structures具体所指，我也不明白。我想，基本可以有“细胞器的结构”和“生物体在细胞器这个层次上的有关结构”两个不同的理解。看来，文章中是倾向于第二种理解。文章中确实没有具体谈及细胞器的具体结构构成。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-5-27 13:20:51编辑过]