feifei 135 第97题

billding

97. A scientific theory is a good theory if it satisfies two requirements, It must accurately describe a large class of observations in terms of a model that is simple enough to contain only a few elements, and it must make definite predictions about the results of future observations, For example, Aristotle’s cosmological theory, which claimed that everything was made out of four elements---earth, air, fire, and water---satisfied the first requirement, but it did not make any definite, Thus, Aristotle’s cosmological theory was not a good theory.
If all the statements in the passage are true, each of the following must also be true EXCEPT:
(A) Prediction about the results of future observations must be made by any good scientific theory.
(B) Observation of physical phenomena was not a major concern in Aristotle’s cosmological Theory
(C) Four elements can be the basis of a scientific model that is simple enough to meet the Simplicity criterion of a good theory.
(D) A scientific model that contains many elements is not a good theory
(E) Aristotle’s cosmological theory described a large class of observations in terms of only four elements.




对于本题，我看了相关的讨论 ，不是很清晰。我始终认为 A选项不对 。举个例子。
北大的学生必须满足两个条件： A高考考上800分；B报了北大。（同时，本人认为这两个条件仅是必要条件，而非充分）

那么按照 A答案的逻辑：就是 高分（800分是高分的子集）的同学肯定是北大中任何任何一个学院的学生。
这显然不对，高分的学生也可能是清华的学生！ 假如A 改为 could be made , 才可为正确。

cyx3271

同意说法 呼唤大牛

billding

自己顶

pinven

97. A scientific theory is a good theory if it satisfies two requirements, It must accurately describe a large class of observations in terms of a model that is simple enough to contain only a few elements, and it must make definite predictions about the results of future observations, For example, Aristotle’s cosmological theory, which claimed that everything was made out of four elements---earth, air, fire, and water---satisfied the first requirement, but it did not make any definite, Thus, Aristotle’s cosmological theory was not a good theory.
If all the statements in the passage are true, each of the following must also be true EXCEPT:
(A) Prediction about the results of future observations must be made by any good scientific theory.
(B) Observation of physical phenomena was not a major concern in Aristotle’s cosmological Theory
(C) Four elements can be the basis of a scientific model that is simple enough to meet the Simplicity criterion of a good theory.
(D) A scientific model that contains many elements is not a good theory
(E) Aristotle’s cosmological theory described a large class of observations in terms of only four elements.




对于本题，我看了相关的讨论 ，不是很清晰。我始终认为 A选项不对 。举个例子。
北大的学生必须满足两个条件： A高考考上800分；B报了北大。（同时，本人认为这两个条件仅是必要条件，而非充分）

那么按照 A答案的逻辑：就是 高分（800分是高分的子集）的同学肯定是北大中任何任何一个学院的学生。
这显然不对，高分的学生也可能是清华的学生！ 假如A 改为 could be made , 才可为正确。

-- by 会员 billding (2011/8/3 10:35:30)

Isn't the question asking "must also be true EXCEPT"?  Option A is wrong, so it is the answer?

琉璃倾云

我也觉得A不对啊~~~~刚想发帖，就看到你的帖子了

翠儿卡

赞同，A是逆命题啊，basic logical error吧

Akiii

楼主你对A的英语意思理解有误，按照你的例子，A翻译成中文是，任何考上北大的人，都必须考了高分。
而不是你翻译的那句话。所以A 仍然是文中可以得出的。题目问的是except，所以不能选。

如果觉得不清楚，就换成if ，then的句型。
Prediction about the results of future observations must be made by any good scientific theory.》
if a  scientific theory is a good  scientific theory,then it must make Prediction about the results of future observations.正确。文中确实这么规定了。

你所理解的那句话英语应该表达为，if a prediction about the results of future observations is made, then it must be made by a good scientific theory.这样是错的。