两道逻辑题，求各位高手详解，在线等，谢谢

iamdurant

1.   Macrophages are cells that play a role in the response of the immune system of mice and other mammals to invasive organisms such as bacteria. Unlike other mice, mice that are genetically incapable of making these paticular cells do not show elevated levels of nitrates when infected with bacteria.

        The statements above, if true, provided the most support for which of the following conclusions?
      A.  Mice that are unable either to make macrophages or to make them in sufficient numbers will protect themselves from bacterial infections in some other way.
      B.   Mice that show elevated levels of nitrates can easily fight off most types of bacterial infections.
      C.   In mice, macrophages play a role in the production of nitrates or inhibit a process by which nitrates are broken down or otherwise eliminated.
      D.   When a healthy mouse becomes infected with an invasive organism, the unmber of macrophages in the mouse's body decreases.
      E.   Injections of nitrates into mice that lack macrophages will not enhance the ability of these animals' immune systems to fight off infection.
   上面这题答案是C, 小弟很不理解题目中说了那些自己不能基因生成那些细胞的老鼠，在感染病毒的时候，硝酸根水平没有下降，那既然不能生成那些细胞，C选项所说的那些细胞能....的结论从何谈起呢？


      2.   Frobisher, a sixteenth-century English explorer, had soil samples from Canada's Kodlunarn Island examined for gold content. Because high gold content was reported,Elizaberth I funded two mining expeditions. Neither expedition found any gold there. Modern analysis of the island's soil indicates a very low gold content. Thus the methods used to determine the gold content of Frobisher's samples must have been inaccurate.

      Which of the following is an assuption on which the argument depends?
     A.   The gold content of the soil on Kodlunarn Island is much lower today than it was in the sixteenth century.
     B.   The two mining expeditions funded by Elizabeth I did not mine the same part of Kodlunarn Island.
     C.   The methods used to assess gold content of the soil samples provided by Frobisher were different from those generally used in the sixteenth century.
     D.   Frobisher did not have soil samples from any other Canadian island examined for gold content.
     E.   Gold was not added to the soil samples collected by Frobisher before the sample were examined.
    上面这题答案是E，小弟不能理解。假设题的做法不是把结论中的新信息和前提逻辑链的重要信息联系起来么？结论中出现了"methods used to determine the gold content",那么答案不应该有这一点么？请高手指教，感激！！！

pygmysog

第一题，题目的意思是没有M也就没有N，那换句话说，有M就应该有N，也就是C的意思

第二题，题干已经明确表示是methods的原因了，那么就要排除其他可能的原因，那么在鉴定的过程中，如果是方法的问题，那就不应该是样本本身的问题，也就是E

Dianakisscat

另外想给LZ补充一点的就是，做题读选项时要考虑选项和题目的关系，最好不要扫过一遍选项之后觉得貌似无关就忽略这个选项。
这样容易出错的~

我的一点小看法~
：）