AI 几个4月机经 手机专用

lordcya1

7、下岗工人，应该由个人，而不是政府，公司来承担责任
原题：“As technologies and the demandfor certain services change, many workers will lose their jobs. Theresponsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to theindividual worker, not to government or to business.”提供观点：
1、 Thegovernment should be responsible for the adjustment of the workers. If all thecitizens should be responsible for themselves, there is no use for thegovernment to exist.
2、 Thegovernment should also force the business to involve in the project. Becausethe government itself is incapable of doing so without concrete knowledge ofeach certain industry. In the long run, doing so will also benefit thebusiness.
3、 Admittedly,the workers should not rely on others to help them to adjust to varyingsituations. They themselves should adapt their skills and knowledge to thechange of the industry and of the society.

1、  个人确实应该首先takethe chief responsibility of their job obsolescence. 因为对自己的生活负责的人，首先是自己。现在的社会也提供了机会：很多学校提供短期的培训，人们可以参加保持自己keep up withthe changes of the technologies and new direction of businesses。第二，只有个人采取主动，才能从根本上解决问题。否则merely rely onthe help coming from government or business，人们会变得消极become passive and lose enterprise. 长期以来，对整个社会都有negative impacton the further development of one society.
2、  但是，这不是说企业不应该负责。after all, 是企业作出了创新和改变，并且造成了这些改变——并且造成了jobobsolescence。应该为这些负责任。比如，为员工提供opportunity of trainingfor the new technique…，这样也可以节约重新培训totally new employee的cost。
3、  Moreover, 政府也应该采取一些行动。政府作为一个社会的管理者supervisor，有责任保证全社会的well being. 应该帮助个人完成适应adjustment. 可以通过提供一些insurance forunemployment, advice for the occupational choice, necessary information of thenew trend of business…
Thesis sentence: While individuals have primary responsibility forlearning new skills and finding work, both industry and government have someobligation to provide them the means of doing so
View1:l agree that individuals must assume primary responsibility for adjusting tojob obsolescence, especially since our educational system has been preparing usfor it
View2:However, industry should bear some of the responsibility as well. It isindustry, after all, that determines the particular directions technologicalprogress and subsequent social change will take. Moreover in the long run,doing so will also benefit the business.
View3: Government should also assume some of theresponsibility, since it is partly government money that fuels technologicalprogress in industry. Moreover, government should help because it can help—forexample, by ensuring that grants and federally insured student loans areavailable to those who must retool in order to find new work. Government canalso help by observing and recording trends in worker displacement and in jobopportunities, and by providing this information to individuals so that theycan make prudent decisions about their own further education and job searches.

来自北美范文：
Astechnology and changing social needs rendermore and more jobs obsolete, who is responsible for helping displaced workers adjust? While individuals haveprimary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work, both industryand government have some obligation to provide them the means of doing so.
lagree that individuals must assume primary responsibility for adjusting to job obsolescence, especially since our educational systemhas been preparing us for it. For decades, our schools have been counselingyoung people to expect and prepare for numerous major career changes duringtheir lives. And concerned educators haverecognized and responded to this eventuality (不测事件) with a broader base of practicaland theoretical coursework that affordsstudents the flexibility to move from one career to another.
However,industry should bear some of the responsibility as well. It is industry, afterall, that determines the particular directions technological progress andsubsequent social change will take. And since industry is mainly responsiblefor worker displacement, it has a duty to helpdisplaced workers adjust—through such means as on-sitetraining programs and stipends for further education.
Governmentshould also assume some of the responsibility, since it is partly governmentmoney that fuels technological progress in industry. Moreover, governmentshould help because it can help—for example, by ensuring that grants andfederally insured student loans are available to those who must retool (to reequipwith tools) in order to find new work. Government can also helpby observing and recording trends in worker displacement and in jobopportunities, and by providing this information to individuals so that theycan make prudent decisions about their own further education and job searches.
Inconclusion, while individuals should be prepared for future job changes, bothgovernment and industry shoulder obligations toprovide training programs, funding and information that will help displacedworkers successfully retool and find newemployment.

8、之前JJ看到过，政府为了保证国家安全，have access to citizens’ library records and Internethistory
暂时没找到准确题库，上个月的寂静中出现的观点为In interest of national security,governments should have access to their citizens' library checkout records andInternet activity records

9、政府应该多加管制,以防孩子们在互联网上接触到ADULT MATERIALS
原题：“Nations should cooperate to developregulations that limit children’s access to adult material on the Internet.” **TheInternet is a worldwide computer network.（15）
提供观点：
1、国际合作在这中间十分必要.因为这种犯罪的遏止如同当年控制臭氧空洞(ozone depletion)的元凶PRIMECRIMINAL(CFC)时候一样单独靠一个国家的力量这种污染是无法遏止的.
2、诚然,会遇到很大的政治制约(POLITICAL HURDLE)
regulate access material worthwhile cooperative regulatory
universality普遍性广泛性I base this view on the universality andimportance of the interest in protecting children from harm, and on theinherently global nature of this problem.
pornographic色情的 sexual性的性别的 emerging浮现出来的 sexuality 性特征bound containedwithin national border be akin to emission release phenomenon regulationcontamination污染物 contaminate admittedly formidable hurdle compliance 服从顺从consequence结果 cooperate
北美范文：
Theissue here is whether an international effort to regulate children’s access toadult material on the Internet is worthwhile. In my view, nations shouldattempt to regulate such access by cooperative regulatory effort. I base thisview on the universality and importance of theinterest in protecting children from harm, and on the inherently pandemic nature of the problem.
Adultseverywhere have a serious interest in limiting access by children to pornographic material. Pornographic material tends toconfuse children—distorting their notion of sex, of themselves as sexualbeings, and of how people ought to treat one another. Particularly in the caseof domination and child pornography, themessages children receive from pornographic material cannot contribute in ahealthy way to their emerging sexuality. Giventhis important interest that knows no cultural bounds,we should regulate children’s access to sexually explicit material on the Internet.
However,information on the Internet is not easily contained within national borders.Limiting access to such information is akin to preventing certain kinds ofglobal environmental destruction. Consider the problem of ozone depletionthought to be a result of chloroflourocarbon(CFC) emissions. When the government regulated CFC production in the U.S.
,corporations responsible for releasing CFC’s into the atmosphere simply movedabroad, and the global threat continued. Similarly, the Internet is a globalphenomenon; regulations in one country will not stop “contamination” overall.Thus, successful regulation of Internet pornography requires internationalcooperation, just as successful CFC regulationfinally required the joint efforts of many nations.Admittedly,any global regulatory effort faces formidablepolitical hurdles, since cooperation andcompliance on the part of all nations—even warringones—is inherently required. Nevertheless, as in the case of nuclear disarmament or global warming, the possibleconsequences of failing to cooperate demand that the effort be made. And dissenters can always becoerced into compliance politically or economically by an alliance ofinfluential nations.
Insum, people everywhere have a serious interest in the healthy sexual developmentof children and, therefore, in limiting children’s access to Internetpornography. Because Internet material is not easily confined within nationalborders, we can successfully regulate children’s access to adult materials onthe Internet only by way of international cooperation.

10、2次有一个观点：一个国家不太可能会去牺牲一些东西去conserve energy,所以应该联合各个国家，一起来做这个事儿，来给我们下一代留点东西用。两句话题目，很短的。然后就是 to what extend youagree or disagree之类的了。
原题：“It is unrealistic to expect individualnations to make, independently, the sacrifices necessary to conserve energy. Internationalleadership and worldwide cooperation are essential if we expect to protect theworld’s energy resources for future generations.”（2）提供观点：
1.       To conserve the energy is a world-wide project. Noindividual country is able to do it independently.
2.       It is unfair to let individual nations to makesacrifices while the others do not.
3.       The best and the most efficient way is the wholewolrd conserve the energy simultaneously and collectively.

1， 首先，虽然不愿意，但仍然要承认，自私几乎是天性。selfconsideration优先。在没有广泛的行动时，每一个国家都不愿意在自己作出牺牲的同时，其他国家没有行动。这样不公平，也不可能达到。这时，领导的作用很重要。安排各国家工作，协调各国家活动。有一个行动的指导作用。function as theleader of the group.
2，而且，保护资源是全球的问题，指望单个国家作出牺牲是不够的。因为在全球化经济发展下，资源几乎是全球运转的。比如，美国会向中国进口木材等原料。所以需要合作。大的跨国公司在其中扮演重要的角色。比如，开发非洲的，有很多是欧洲的公司，跨国公司的举动会影响到很多国家的经济政策。nuclear weaponsproliferation
the problem of energy conservation transcendsthe national borders in that either all nations must cooperate, or all willsuffer.(sample上的句子)
3， 当然，这样是不够的，必须由各个国家充分地发挥主动的作用take positiveaction。因为资源是全人类的，每个国家都有责任并且都有必要。只有将统一领导与各国的积极性作用一起结合，才是最effective的方法。
北美范文：
Thespeaker asserts that an international effort is needed to preserve the world’senergy resources for future generations. While individual nations, like people,are at times willing to make voluntary sacrifices for the benefit of others, myview is that international coordination isnevertheless necessary in light of the strongpropensity of nations to act selfishly, and because the problem isinternational in scope.
Themain reason why an international effort is necessary is that, left to their own devices,individual nations, like people, will act according to their short-term motivesand self-interest. The mere existence of military weapons indicates thatself-interest and national survival are every nation’s prime drivers. Andexcessive consumption by industrialized nations of natural resources they knowto be finite, when alternatives are at hand demonstrates that self-interest andshort-sightedness extend to the use of energy resources as well. Furthermore,nations, like people, tend to rationalize theirown self-serving policies and actions. Emerging nations might argue, forexample, that they should be exempt from energyconservation because it is the industrialized nations who can better afford tomake sacrifices and who use more resources in the first place.
Anotherreason why an international effort is required is that other problems of aninternational nature have also required global cooperation. For example, haseach nation independently recognized the follyof nuclear weapons proliferation andvoluntarily disarmed? No: only by way of an international effort, based largelyon coercion of strong leaders against detractors,along with an appeal to self-interest, have wemade some progress. By the same token (adv. 出于同样原因), efforts of individual nations tothwart international drug trafficking haveproven largely futile, because efforts have not been internationally based.Similarly, the problem of energy conservation transcends national borders in that either all nations must cooperate, or allwill ultimately suffer.
Inconclusion, nations are made up of individuals who, when left unconstrained,tend to act in their own self-interest and with short-term motives. In light of how we have dealt, or not dealt, withother global problems, it appears that an international effort is needed toensure the preservation of natural resources for future generations.

11、2次A society should be measured by scientificand artistic achievement more than business success.
原题：“The value of any nation shouldbe measured more by its scientific and artistic achievements than by itsbusiness successes.”（104）
提供观点：
1、art 和science的发展需要依赖成功商业的赞助
2、一个国家的价值在与促进世界和平和公正
北美范文：
It is tempting to concede the speaker’s opinion that achievements in art andscience are more significant to the worth of a nation than its “mere” businesssuccesses. Still, I disagree with the viewbecause it overlooks the several ways that commercial success supports artisticaccomplishment and scientific progress. It also ignores the extent to whichcommercial success renders a nation more secure, and better able to promotehuman rights and political stability throughout the world.
Firstof all, art and science have always depended upon the patronageof successful business. Consider Italy
’s powerful banking clan, theMedici family, and their support for artists such as Michelangelo (米开朗基罗[1475-1564,意大利文艺复兴时期成就卓著的科学家,艺术家]) andRaphael. Substantial scientific and artistic support now comes from foundationsestablished by extraordinarily successful business families like the Rockefellers, Gettys, Carnegies and Mellons. Inaddition to their private-sector foundation funding, successful businesses alsopay taxes that are returned to university art and science programs. And, manybusinesses form partnerships with universities to further scientific discoveryand related technological progress. Finally, both art and science are highlysuccessful business enterprises in their own right.Secondly,the value of a nation is related to its ability to defend itself, and to helppromote peace and justice among other nations. A nation is more capable in both regards when its businesses enjoy greatersuccess. For example, the current return of Kosovars to their homeland wasfacilitated by a cost-intensive military effort that required funding from,among other sources, tax revenues from business. In addition, a wealthy nationcan, by means of its trade agreements, use its economic strength to encourageother countries to extend greater human rights to their citizens. Finally, awealthy nation can depend on an expansiveweapons industry in the private sector; and it can fund an effective militaryto carry out national defense.
Insum, it is simplistic to suppose that achievement in art and science is moreimportant to the value of a nation than the success of its businesses. Thelatter is essential to national and world security. And, business success isdeeply connected to accomplishment in art and science.

12、原题：Financial benefit shouldbe the most important factor when choosing a career（31）
提供观点：
1.     把收入作为选择职业的首要考虑因素会使人忽视了生命中更应该追求的其他东西。事实上有许多人为了追求更为重要的目标而放弃了使自己获得最大收入的职业。象是特蕾莎修女，她以助人为快乐。尽管在物质上是清贫的但是却在别人快乐的同时自己也得到了幸福的回报。Mother Teresa,winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, dedicated the majority of her life to helpingthe poorest of the poor in India
.Although she was not rich all through her life, she was happier than most ofher contemporaries because she gained happiness when she helped the poor. blissblessedness  还有一些人为了做全职家长更好的照顾孩子更是完全牺牲了得到钱的职业。在他们看来和家人在一起生活照顾他们的起居饮食是自己最开心的事情。2.     诚然经济基础是一切其他活动的前提，但追求钱以外更重要的目标并不一定意味着就会得不到物质回报或者是一定会过得潦倒。事实上两者是可以相互促进的。一个追求智力上或者是创造力上的成就的人象是作家艺术家或者是音乐家当他们的作品问世时候他们同时也得到了物质的回报。others chooseto pursue intellectual or creative fulfillment-as writers, artists, ormusicians. 而这些钱反过来又会为他们的创作提供更好的条件和环境.
ignore, overlook, neglect; pursue, go in for, in pursuit of, aspire after,be down and out mutually, come out, be published, priority, primarily;appreciate, notion, profession, lucrative, stem from subordinate ... to ...
recreation physical health psychological making money is not an end inthe end of itself. acknowledge strike a balance overriding高于一切的 factor  

1.     Admittedly, 人们都不是生活在童话里fairy tale，人们需要面对日常生活中的各种花费，而金钱是保障这一切，从而保障人们生命的基础。financial gaindoes be an important factor in choosing a career.
2.     但是，这不代表说，所有人都应该把它regard it as the mostimportant…因为after all, 金钱只是满足我们生活的手段，还有更多更家重要的东西，金钱无法满足。比如精神生活：首先，很多人选择很多工作，造福社会，但它们pay less thanothers，比如social work,nursing. 人们认为精神世界更重要，帮助别人。。。；另外，良好的工作环境，同事关系，使人们精神好。
3.     因为首先：不同人有不同的需要，又比如说，有的妈妈为了照顾孩子，选择地点离家比较近的工作，even thoughthis job can provide her less money than those far from her home.。。再比如说，有的人为了事业上更大的成就，会选择能提供更多机会promotion，或者培训之类的。如果全部考虑金钱，则很可能丧失更多进步的机会。

View1: Financial gain is animportant factor in choosing a career.
View2: However, there are morefactors play important roles in making job decisions. chance for promotion,training, work environment, corporate culture and reputation, welfare otherthan financial form
Evidence: Vincent VanGogh .If he transfer to other career for monetary consideration, there will beno such beautiful scenes as starry night and sunflowers shining forever in ourart history.
View3: In my opinion, the bestcareer is the combination of special interests and financial benefits.
北美范文：
Financialgain is certainly one factor to consider when selecting a career. But manypeople do not, and should not, focus on this factor as the main one. The rolethat money plays in career choice should depend on the priorities, goals andvalues of the particular person making the choice.
Themain problem with selecting a career primarily on the basis of money is thatfor many people to do so would be to ignore one’s personal values, needs, and larger life goals. Indeed, many people appreciatethis notion when they choose their career. For example, some people join one ofthe helping professions, such as nursing, teaching or social work, well awarethat their career will not be financially lucrative.Their choice properly stems from an overriding altruisticdesire, not from an interest in financial gain. Others choose to pursueintellectual or creative fulfillment—as writers, artists, or musicians—knowingthat they are trading off dollars for non-tangible rewards. Still others forego economic gain to work as full-time parents;for these people, family and children are of paramountimportance in life. Finally, many people subordinate economic prospectsto their desire to live in a particular location; these people may place a highvalue on recreation, their physical health, or being near a circle of friends.
Anotherproblem with focusing primarily on money when selecting a career is that itignores the notion that making money is not an end inthe end of itself, but rather a means of obtaining material goods andservices and of attaining important goals—such as providing security foroneself and one’s family, lifelong learning, or freedom to travel or to pursuehobbies. Acknowledging the distinction, one may nevertheless select a career onthe basis of money—since more money can buy more goods and services as well asthe security, freedom, and time to enjoy them. Even so, one must strike a balance, for if these things that money issupposed to provide are sacrificed in the pursuit of moneyitself, the point of having money—and of one’scareer selection—has been lost.
Inconclusion, economic gain should not be the overriding factor in selecting acareer. While for a few people the single-minded pursuit of wealth may befulfillment enough, most people should, and indeed do, temper the pursuit of wealth againstother values, goals, and priorities. Moreover, they recognize that money ismerely a means to more important objectives, and that the pursuit itself mayundermine the achievement of these objectives.