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- 2010-5-30
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Theexperience of British business in Iran between the 1860’s and the 1970’s is oneexample of the changing importance of British enterprise in Asia as a whole. Before1914 British business established and dominated Iran’s modern industrial andfinancial sector; in the 1920’s this domination began to wane; by the 1960’sBritish enterprise was of little importance in the Iranian economy. While inJapan and India the decline of British business was primarily a function of therise of strong indigenous business groups, in Iran, by contrast, the governmentplayed a large role in both challenging British commercial interests andstimulating locally owned enterprise.   eriodic surges of intenseIranian economic nationalism must be understood partly as a reaction to theclose relations betweenBritish business in Iran and the British government. In retrospect,it is possible to see the uneasy and ambiguous nature of this relationship. Itis true that the British Imperial Bank in Iran was never entirely a tool of the Britishgovernment, and that the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company did not take its orders fromthe British government, despite the 51 percent government shareholding. However,the relationship between British business and the British governmentwas sufficiently close that many Iranians understandably viewed the oil company and the bank as symbols of a Britishimperialist policy. |
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