求高人解答verbal review第二版逻辑第78题

Ajorz

Bradz 发表于 2016-10-29 12:59
这道题我还是不懂。

看了之前的解释，和ron的解释，我理解他们的推断。但是，这些推断都有一个assumption ...

哥们，人和事物有啥区别呢，从成相原理来说都是对光的反射。是人还是事物在成像这个角度是没有区别的。人就是一个被观察的物。

RichardVeritas

The figure in portraits by the Spanish painter El Greco (1541-1614) are systematically elongated. In El Greco's tie, the intentional distortion of human figures was unprecedented in European painting. Consequently, some critics have suggested that El Greco had an astigmatism, a type of visual impairment, that resulted in people appearing to him in the distorted way that is characteristic of his paintings. However, this suggestion cannot be the explanation, because_______.


(C) if El Greco had an astigmatism, then, relative to how people looked to him, the elongated figures in his paintings would have appeared to him to be distorted

这个题是够绕的，读了几遍才绕明白。

line of argument：
E画的人老是加长，怀疑是E眼睛有毛病（把人看长）。问题是反驳，说这不可能。

即使没想明白，从要达到反驳说这不可能的逻辑角度，只有C的逻辑关系可能完全反驳。

那这是我理解C怎么反驳的：
不可能。如果E眼睛真有毛病（把人/事物看长），画上的人物（对我们已经加长的）应该在他眼里显得更长。举例，一个人1.8米，E眼睛有问题，他觉得人1.9米。但他画的人应该还是1.8米，这样画出来的人在他眼里是一样的1.9米。如果他画1.9米的人，画中人在他眼里就高过1.9米了。
简单地想，如果他的眼睛有问题，对他的眼睛来说，真人和他画出来的人，有同样的误差，所以画出来的人和真人应该还是同样高。

OG解释是难读些，但也是这个意思

OG says in reasoning: if astigmatism were the explanation, then the elongated images in his pic should have appeared to EG to be too long: he would have perceived the images as longer than they actually are - and therefore as inaccurate representations of what he perceived.
说的就是如果他把1.8米的人画1.9米，画中人在他眼里就高过1.9米了, 就超出了他认知的人的高度（实际1.8米，认知1.9米）。

OG says in choice C: EG would have perceived the images of people in his paintings as too long, relative to his perception of the people themselves.
同样是说，如果因为眼睛病，他把人画长了，那画中的人在他眼里会比他认知的人高度更长


This means that even if EG did have astigmatism, that factor would not provide an answer to the Q: why did EG paint images that he knew were distorted?
如果这样假设, 在他眼里画中的人比他大脑认知的人高度更长，那这个画法对他来说就是distorted, 那问题还是不能解释他为什么要画distorted.


实际反驳就是，因为即使眼睛有病，他的眼睛看真人和他画出来的人，会有同样的误差，这样不会改变他画人distorted的情况，（对我们眼睛distorted, 对他的眼睛也还是distorted,只不过真人和画的人相比我们眼睛都同样加长），所以这个论据是无效的。哈哈！