逻辑贴重开，重新开始啦···

panda90

请教三道OG12逻辑题……貌似有点多了哈 可是我真的想不通呢……
不好意思啦~~
67. Several industries have recently switched at least partly from older technologies powered by fossil fuels to new technologies powered by electricity. It is thus evident that less fossil fuel is being used as a result of the operations of these industries than would have been used if these industries had retained their older technologies.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?
(A) Many of the industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies have
increased their output.
(B) Less fossil fuel was used to manufacture the machinery employed in the new technologies
than was originally used to manufacture the machinery employed in the older technologies.
(C) More electricity is used by those industries that have switched at least partly to the new
technologies than by those industries that have not switched.
(D) Some of the industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies still use
primarily technologies that are powered by fossil fuels.
(E) The amount of fossil fuel used to generate the electricity needed to power the new technologies is less than the amount that would have been used to power the older technologies.
答案是E 可是我完全搞不懂它的出题点在哪里 不知道是什么意思啊……

88. Businesses are suffering because of a lack of money available for development loans. To help businesses, the government plans to modify the income-tax structure in order to induce individual taxpayers to put a larger portion of their incomes into retirement savings accounts, because as more money is deposited in such accounts, more money becomes available to borrowers.
Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt regarding the effectiveness of the government’s plan to increase the amount of money available for development loans for businesses?
(A) When levels of personal retirement savings increase, consumer borrowing always increases
correspondingly.
(B) The increased tax revenue the government would receive as a result of business expansion
would not offset the loss in revenue from personal income taxes during the first year of
the plan.
(C) Even with tax incentives, some people will choose not to increase their levels of retirement
savings.
(D) Bankers generally will not continue to lend money to businesses whose prospective
earnings are insufficient to meet their loan repayment schedules.
(E) The modified tax structure would give all taxpayers, regardless of their incomes, the
same tax savings for a given increase in their retirement savings.
答案是A 为啥我觉得D也可以啊~~ 银行不借给钱的话政府的的计划不就不能成功实行么？

104. Although the discount stores in Goreville’s central shopping district are expected to close within five years as a result of competition from a SpendLess discount department store that just opened, those locations will not stay vacant for long. In the five years since the opening of Colson’s, a nondiscount department store, a new store has opened at the location of every store in the shopping district that closed because it could not compete with Colson’s.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) Many customers of Colson’s are expected to do less shopping there than they did before the
SpendLess store opened.
(B) Increasingly, the stores that have opened in the central shopping district since Colson’s opened
have been discount stores.
(C) At present, the central shopping district has as many stores operating in it as it ever had.
(D) Over the course of the next five years, it is expected that Goreville’s population will grow at
a faster rate than it has for the past several decades.
(E) Many stores in the central shopping district sell types of merchandise that are not available at
either SpendLess or Colson’s.
还有这个题 貌似是一个类比的问题 看不懂后面的解释诶……

以上这几题都困惑了我好久- - 也尝试着找过答案解析 可是貌似好多都是OG10 11版的 题号不好对应呐！
想听听橘子是怎么理解这几道题的~~~

橘子骨头

67. Several industries have recently switched at least partly from older technologies powered by fossil fuels to new technologies powered by electricity. It is thus evident that less fossil fuel is being used as a result of the operations of these industries than would have been used if these industries had retained their older technologies.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?
(A) Many of the industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies have
increased their output.
(B) Less fossil fuel was used to manufacture the machinery employed in the new technologies
than was originally used to manufacture the machinery employed in the older technologies.
(C) More electricity is used by those industries that have switched at least partly to the new
technologies than by those industries that have not switched.
(D) Some of the industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies still use
primarily technologies that are powered by fossil fuels.
(E) The amount of fossil fuel used to generate the electricity needed to power the new technologies is less than the amount that would have been used to power the older technologies.

一道一道来·
这道题有一个这样的关系，在一些industries中从旧技术转到新技术，旧技术本来全是用FF来运转的，现在部分代替的新技术是由E来运转的。题干得出的结论是因为这些industries的运行，那么FF的使用就减少了。现在要加强这个结论

这里就需要思考，electricity是由什么来带动的。其他选项不是削弱就是无关，E选项中提到electricity的来源就是用FF发电。新技术中用来发电的FF，比用来运转旧技术的FF要少。这就是加强了结论FF的使用减少了。

橘子骨头

88. Businesses are suffering because of a lack of money available for development loans. To help businesses, the government plans to modify the income-tax structure in order to induce individual taxpayers to put a larger portion of their incomes into retirement savings accounts, because as more money is deposited in such accounts, more money becomes available to borrowers.
Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt regarding the effectiveness of the government’s plan to increase the amount of money available for development loans for businesses?
(A) When levels of personal retirement savings increase, consumer borrowing always increases
correspondingly.
(B) The increased tax revenue the government would receive as a result of business expansion
would not offset the loss in revenue from personal income taxes during the first year of
the plan.
(C) Even with tax incentives, some people will choose not to increase their levels of retirement
savings.
(D) Bankers generally will not continue to lend money to businesses whose prospective
earnings are insufficient to meet their loan repayment schedules.
(E) The modified tax structure would give all taxpayers, regardless of their incomes, the
same tax savings for a given increase in their retirement savings.

这道题题干说的是，个人投在养老保险里的钱多了，那么银行借给business 的钱也多了，那么就有钱做development loans
现在要削弱这个结论。D选项说的是借钱的business没有达到要求，那么银行就不会借钱给他们。你理解的是，如果银行不借，那么效果就达不到。其实你可以反着理解一下，是不是达到银行要求的银行就会借借钱给他们呢？如果只有一两个是没有达到要求的，其他大部分很多都是达到要求的，那银行还是提供了更多的development loans 那么就说明计划还是达到了。其实这是一个无关选项，说得很不清楚
其实现在要做的就是，找到，就算有钱了，银行也还是没有钱做development loans。 那这些钱哪去了呢, 那么就只有A选项说了这些钱的去处individual consumer 借走了，而不是给business了

橘子骨头

104. Although the discount stores in Goreville’s central shopping district are expected to close within five years as a result of competition from a SpendLess discount department store that just opened, those locations will not stay vacant for long. In the five years since the opening of Colson’s, a nondiscount department store, a new store has opened at the location of every store in the shopping district that closed because it could not compete with Colson’s.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) Many customers of Colson’s are expected to do less shopping there than they did before the
SpendLess store opened.
(B) Increasingly, the stores that have opened in the central shopping district since Colson’s opened
have been discount stores.
(C) At present, the central shopping district has as many stores operating in it as it ever had.
(D) Over the course of the next five years, it is expected that Goreville’s population will grow at
a faster rate than it has for the past several decades.
(E) Many stores in the central shopping district sell types of merchandise that are not available at
either SpendLess or Colson’s.

对，这道题是一道类比题。

题目是说折扣店由于S的开张，竞争不过S而会在五年内关门 ==》（待论证的）结论：但是这些关掉的location会马上被别的店面填补。依据：在C（nondiscount）开张以来的五年里，由于竞争不过C 而倒闭的店面在短时间内被一些新开的店子取代。因此作者通过类比说——竞争不过S而倒闭的店面也会马上有新店来取代。                    
这里类比的就是S与C两种店，要削弱这道题就是要找他们的不同。S是折扣店，C是nondiscount的。C旁边的空位被取代，B选项中，如果取代这些空位的都是折扣店的话，应该就间接说明了折扣店比非折扣店有更强的竞争力。但是S本身就是个折扣店了，被它挤走的店都是折扣店，所以不可能像C一样很快又折扣店来取代空位。

这道题是有点绕，OG的解释你要多读几遍，细细研究

winow

问一个旧prep1的题目：谢谢解答~~

24.    (29155-!-item-!-188;#058&003857)

Tiger beetles are such fast runners that they can capture virtually any nonflying insect.  However, when running toward an insect, the beetles intermittently stop, and then, a moment later, resume their attack.  erhaps they cannot maintain their pace and must pause for a moment's rest; but an alternative hypothesis is that while running tiger beetles are unable to process the resulting rapidly changing visual information, and so quickly go blind and stop.

Which of the following, if discovered in experiments using artificially moved prey insects, would support one of the two hypotheses and undermine the other?

(A) When a prey insect is moved directly toward a beetle that has been chasing it, the beetle immediately turns and runs away without its usual intermittent stopping.
(B) In pursuing a moving insect, the beetles usually respond immediately to changes in the insect's direction, and pause equally frequently whether the chase is up or down an incline.
(C) The beetles maintain a fixed time interval between pauses, although when an insect that had been stationary begins to flee, the beetle increases its speed after its next pause.
(D) If, when a beetle pauses, it has not gained on the insect it is pursuing, the beetle generally ends its pursuit.
(E) When an obstacle is suddenly introduced just in front of running beetles, the beetles sometimes stop immediately, but they never respond by running around the barrier.[c]

5cheng

求教~GWD1-Q22:
City Official:  At City Hospital, uninsured patients tend to have shorter stays and fewer procedures performed than do insured patients, even though insured patients, on average, have slightly less serious medical problems at the time of admission to the hospital than uninsured patients have.  Critics of the hospital have concluded that the uninsured patients are not receiving proper medical care.  However, this conclusion is almost certainly false.  Careful investigation has recently shown two things:  insured patients have much longer stays in the hospital than necessary, and they tend to have more procedures performed than are medically necessary.
In the city official’s argument, the two boldface portions play which of the following roles?

A.    The first states the conclusion of the city official’s argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.
B.    The first is used to support the conclusion of the city official’s argument; the second states that conclusion.
C.    The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second states the position that the city official’s argument opposes.
D.    The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second provides support for the conclusion of the city official’s argument.
E.    The first states the position that the city official’s argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the city official’s argument.
我选择的是c，答案是e~~~我认为第二部分只是一个立场，并不是结论

橘子骨头

求教~GWD1-Q22:
City Official:  At City Hospital, uninsured patients tend to have shorter stays and fewer procedures performed than do insured patients, even though insured patients, on average, have slightly less serious medical problems at the time of admission to the hospital than uninsured patients have.  Critics of the hospital have concluded that the uninsured patients are not receiving proper medical care.  However, this conclusion is almost certainly false.  Careful investigation has recently shown two things:  insured patients have much longer stays in the hospital than necessary, and they tend to have more procedures performed than are medically necessary.
In the city official’s argument, the two boldface portions play which of the following roles?

A.    The first states the conclusion of the city official’s argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.
B.    The first is used to support the conclusion of the city official’s argument; the second states that conclusion.
C.    The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second states the position that the city official’s argument opposes.
D.    The first was used to support the conclusion drawn by hospital critics; the second provides support for the conclusion of the city official’s argument.
E.    The first states the position that the city official’s argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the city official’s argument.
我选择的是c，答案是e~~~我认为第二部分只是一个立场，并不是结论

-- by 会员 5cheng (2010/10/22 15:14:06)

同学···是哪两句是BF呀？

橘子骨头

问一个旧prep1的题目：谢谢解答~~

24.    (29155-!-item-!-188;#058&003857)

Tiger beetles are such fast runners that they can capture virtually any nonflying insect.  However, when running toward an insect, the beetles intermittently stop, and then, a moment later, resume their attack.  erhaps they cannot maintain their pace and must pause for a moment's rest; but an alternative hypothesis is that while running tiger beetles are unable to process the resulting rapidly changing visual information, and so quickly go blind and stop.

Which of the following, if discovered in experiments using artificially moved prey insects, would support one of the two hypotheses and undermine the other?

(A) When a prey insect is moved directly toward a beetle that has been chasing it, the beetle immediately turns and runs away without its usual intermittent stopping.
(B) In pursuing a moving insect, the beetles usually respond immediately to changes in the insect's direction, and pause equally frequently whether the chase is up or down an incline.
(C) The beetles maintain a fixed time interval between pauses, although when an insect that had been stationary begins to flee, the beetle increases its speed after its next pause.
(D) If, when a beetle pauses, it has not gained on the insect it is pursuing, the beetle generally ends its pursuit.
(E) When an obstacle is suddenly introduced just in front of running beetles, the beetles sometimes stop immediately, but they never respond by running around the barrier.[c]

-- by 会员 winow (2010/10/22 14:41:55)

这道题我之前也做错了··现在把aomeisoft7 的解答贴在这里，我当时也是看了她的解释，觉得很不错

甲虫飞着飞着要停有两个可能的原因，一是因为累的跑不动（体力论），二是调整视力（视力论）

(A) When a preyinsect is moved directly toward a beetle that has been chasing it, thebeetle immediately turns and runs away without its usual intermittentstopping.
当猎物面对beetle飞来时，beetle马上跑走，没有边飞边停。与题目条件不符

(B) Inpursuing a moving insect, the beetles usually respond immediately tochanges in the insect's direction, and pause equally frequently whetherthe chase is up or down an incline.
追猎物时，beetle根据猎物的位置变化马上转变（否定视力论），并且无论猎物上坡还是下坡都以一样的频率休息（否定体力论，假若支持累要休息，上坡休息应该更频繁）。此选项2个原因都否定了

(C)The beetles maintain a fixed time interval between pauses, althoughwhen an insect that had been stationary begins to flee, the beetleincreases its speed after its next pause.
beetle休息之间的时间是固定的，尽管当一只静止不动的猎物准备逃跑时，beetle在下一次休息后会加快速度。每次飞的时间固定，但是会加速，否定了体力论（若支持体力论，速度快时飞的时间应该短）。支持了视力论，beetle体力没有问题，可还是要pause，其目的就是要定位，看准了方向再加速

(D) If, when a beetle pauses, it has not gained on the insect it is pursuing, the beetle generally ends its pursuit.
如果当beetle休息时，它还没有赶上它追的猎物，beetle就会结束追赶。无关项

(E)When an obstacle is suddenly introduced just in front of runningbeetles, the beetles sometimes stop immediately, but they never respondby running around the barrier.
当追赶过程中beetle前面有阻碍物时，beetle有时会立马停止，但是他们不会围障碍物转。无关项

天使追梦

LZ逻辑是怎么练得呢？能分享下经验吗？~

-- by 会员 天使追梦 (2010/10/20 21:21:22)

我的逻辑其实没怎么练，刚开始上手的时候就不错。但是呢，我做完了旧prep 1,2里的逻辑，主要都错在了BF题，我BF题真的特别差。我自己在总结错题的时候，我有觉得仔细分析正确选项是很重要的，我就是很认真的分析了我错题的正确选项，我觉得逻辑题的正确选项都有其惯性，一致性。我希望你能多做题，多分析，这样你看到正确选项的那一刹那，真的就有种似曾相识的感觉，然后就能立马选了。

-- by 会员 橘子骨头 (2010/10/21 0:55:06)

嗯，谢谢~你看过GWD逻辑吗？觉得应该怎么看？（没有官方思路。。）

橘子骨头

LZ逻辑是怎么练得呢？能分享下经验吗？~

-- by 会员 天使追梦 (2010/10/20 21:21:22)

我的逻辑其实没怎么练，刚开始上手的时候就不错。但是呢，我做完了旧prep 1,2里的逻辑，主要都错在了BF题，我BF题真的特别差。我自己在总结错题的时候，我有觉得仔细分析正确选项是很重要的，我就是很认真的分析了我错题的正确选项，我觉得逻辑题的正确选项都有其惯性，一致性。我希望你能多做题，多分析，这样你看到正确选项的那一刹那，真的就有种似曾相识的感觉，然后就能立马选了。

-- by 会员 橘子骨头 (2010/10/21 0:55:06)

嗯，谢谢~你看过GWD逻辑吗？觉得应该怎么看？（没有官方思路。。）

-- by 会员 天使追梦 (2010/10/22 16:17:10)

GWD我只做过三套题，逻辑的错误率不高所以我也就没怎么管他了。但是我觉得GWD还是有些题是有问题的，实战的时候答案要确定很多，不会那么没谱。我认为做题要做那些有解题思路的，不是GWD有详解的么？如果有详解的就做，要是没有的话就当练习pace好了，不要太在意，或者多搜搜错题，看看别人的讨论很有帮助