问两个愈发题，请大家帮帮忙

serenashu

A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

A.Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

B.Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison

C.a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

D.a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man(E)

E.a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man

这题在几个不同的地方看到，答案都不一样，有说平行结构是书的，也有平行结构是人的，~~~请大家帮忙分析一下~~~





Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast.

A.Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United States
presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast.
B.Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, a new study of the 2000 United States
presidential election has estimated that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted.
C.Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted in the 2000 United States presidential election, a new study estimates.

D.A new study has cited faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places in estimating that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes that were cast had not been counted in the 2000 United States
presidential election.(B)
E.A new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, has estimated 4 million to 6 million votes had not been counted of the 100 million votes cast.

D选项句子重心错误，能不能帮我详细解释下，不太能理解句子重心这个问题

赫尔墨斯

A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

A.Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

B.Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison

C.a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

D.a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

E.a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man

楼主看到了蓝色的字体么？主语都是书，所以后面平行对称的也应该是书，而不是人，排除ACD；
至于B项，根据句子的逻辑意思Jean Toomer's Cane是one of the three best novels，应该是Jean这个人写的，所以不能用Black Americans，排除B。
希望有用。

赫尔墨斯

Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast.

A.Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast. 蓝色的是主语，死长死长的，加上后面用被动，要怀疑；which指代election不对；后面还有个they指代错误。
B.Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election has estimated that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted.蓝色字体做同位语修饰主语study很好；句子逻辑意思和结构都很好
C.Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted in the 2000 United States presidential election, a new study estimates. 头重脚轻，句子结构不清晰。
D.A new study has cited faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places in estimating that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes that were cast had not been counted in the 2000 United States
presidential election. 这个句子错误很多很明显，不说了。。。
E.A new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, has estimated 4 million to 6 million votes had not been counted of the 100 million votes cast.主谓之间插入的成分太长。

看看楼主觉得如何？

jenny0827

第一个选B吗？首先排除being sb/sth，是being的典型错用法，破折号后修饰的是主体词novels不是Americans，放人名不合逻辑

第二个也选B吧，“现在分词作状语，主谓+宾语从句”结构

D是典型的把分词动作和谓语动作颠倒的错误结构，句子重心意思是：原来人家想表达的主动作是estimate而不是cite，因为cite这一串的目的是estimate sth

不过呢句子重心这个问题也是相对的，你得看人家原来写句子的人到底想表达什么呀，所以很多时候不能作为判断正误的绝对标准，一般靠其它更严重的问题来判断，比如D里，cite sth in estimating sth就是典型的不精简，不符合用词法，应该改为cited that从句，还有就是后面一连两个被动语态，也是GMAT不喜欢的，一个都不行，何况两个被动态连用了！

OG里还有很多这样的例子，把分词动词改为主动词导致产生了语法问题，如21.（记不清了，就是from birth to adulthood的那个）改变后导致分词的错误修饰问题

jenny0827

A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

A.Black Americans—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

B.Black Americans—including Native Son by Richard Wright and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison

C.a Black American—including Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

D.a Black American—the others being Richard Wright, author of Native Son, and Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man

E.a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man

楼主看到了蓝色的字体么？主语都是书，所以后面平行对称的也应该是书，而不是人，排除ACD；
至于B项，根据句子的逻辑意思Jean Toomer's Cane是one of the three best novels，应该是Jean这个人写的，所以不能用Black Americans，排除B。
希望有用。

-- by 会员 赫尔墨斯 (2010/10/13 13:07:47)

E中being sth的用法有问题吧，好像在GMAT里没有看到这种用法是正确的说
being的错误使用:以下几种表达中being属于多余
a) being + n. b) being + adj. c) as being + n./adj./v-ing

能举个反例吗？

serenashu

Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast.

A.Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast. 蓝色的是主语，死长死长的，加上后面用被动，要怀疑；which指代election不对；后面还有个they指代错误。
B.Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election has estimated that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted.蓝色字体做同位语修饰主语study很好；句子逻辑意思和结构都很好
C.Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted in the 2000 United States presidential election, a new study estimates. 头重脚轻，句子结构不清晰。
D.A new study has cited faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places in estimating that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes that were cast had not been counted in the 2000 United States
presidential election. 这个句子错误很多很明显，不说了。。。
E.A new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places,has estimated 4 million to 6 million votes had not been counted of the 100 million votes cast.主谓之间插入的成分太长。

看看楼主觉得如何？

-- by 会员 赫尔墨斯 (2010/10/13 13:17:04)

分析得好详细，谢谢啊~~~~