补充材料passage 2（2/63）之我见

sandychen168

前面在做题的时候一直困惑于passage 2，觉得每一个句子都看得懂但是连起来以后就完全看不懂了，对于中心思想和逻辑结构完全不知所云。后来听说有NN说可以不必刻意死抠，就放下一颗心。但是最近在复习第二轮RC的时候又看到这篇，这次搜索了很多相关帖子，看了各方见解，综合了一下杨鹏长难句上对这篇文章几个难句的解释，私以为对这篇文章有了一个新认识，于此跟大家讨论一下我的想法，本人水平有限，不正之处请指教，热烈欢迎讨论。


先上原文：
Passage 2
Woodrow Wilson（提倡free enterprise system ，作者对其观点持反对态度，而这个ww的观点也是作者认为要reform的对象，即改变这个system）was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when he said that the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. Maximum freedom means maximum productiveness; our "openness" is to be the measure of our stability（这里承接具体说明ww的观点，ww认为越open越stable）. Fascination with this ideal has made Americans defy the "Old World" categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, the cupidity of retention  versus the cupidity of seizure, a "status quo" defended or attacked（即“美国人反对旧世界，要求剥夺财产，贪图劫掠和攻击社会，而反对稳定模式”---杨鹏长难句解释。此种现象符合的ww的观点，也属于后来的题目中说的American legend）. The United States, it was believed, had no status quo ante. Our only "station" was the turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. We did not base our system on property but opportunity---which meant we based it not on stability but on mobility（讲美国system的base，响应后面的投机者利用opportunities来发财，这也还是由美国的传统导致的，个人觉得可以参考一个案例即美国并没有经历如欧洲般的原始的财富累积，所以说not base on property，它变富的过程很大程度上依赖于投机，如二战时大发战争财等，所以说but on opportunity，个人见解，呵呵）. The more things changed, that is, the more rapidly the wheel turned, the steadier we would be.（以上都是讲美国的传统的legend） The conventional picture of class politics is composed of the Haves, who want a stability to keep what they have, and the Have-Nots, who want a touch of instability and change in which to scramble for the things they have not（传统观点说什么都有的不想改变，什么都没有的才想要改变）. But Americans imagined a condition in which speculators, self-makers, runners are always using the new opportunities given by our land. These economic leaders (front-runners) would thus be mainly agents of change（而在美国，那些经济领袖，地位上占优势的人反而想要改变。他们在opportunity中处于主动地位。这还是符合美国传统的，并不涉及真正的改革）. The nonstarters were considered the ones who wanted stability, a strong referee to give them some position in the race, a regulative hand to calm manic speculation; an authority that can call things to a halt begin things again from compensatorily staggered "starting lines."（重点，讲nonstarters，其实就是指“那些需要稳定的人，需要一个强有力的仲裁者来在竞赛中给他们一个位置；一直调节性的手来制止住狂热的投机；一个权威来让事情停止，从一个补偿性错开的起跑线上重新开始”——杨鹏。这个其实就是下一段reform所说的内容，改变美国的legend）
"Reform" in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors, "a piece of the action," as it were, for the disenfranchised.（本文关键，“所谓的改革是无效的，因为这种改革不能够想出任何变化，除了通过扩展这个比喻中的竞赛范围，除了通过更广泛的包括竞争者，通过给那些没有发言权的人提供一个类似于参加进来的机会 ”--杨鹏。“这里说的disenfranchised就是指上一句中的nonstarters。刚才说nonstarters在竞争中处处处于被动，因此希望有所变化，稳定下来，重新站位，重新开始。这句话说的是这种理想与美国实际情况的强烈反差，实际上美国唯一的变化就是把更多的disenfranchised这些希望停下来的人卷入他们本来就不占优势的竞争中去,结果对他们而言只能是更为悲惨，作者在reform上加引号是为了表示反语和讽刺”--杨鹏）There is no attempt to call off the race. （接下来将美国传统所不认可的但是在作者的眼中应该被认可的，可以看出作者的态度）Since our only stability is change, America seems not to honor the quiet work that achieves social interdependence and stability. There is, in our legends（这个就是我反复提到的legend）, no heroism of the office clerk, no stable industrial work force of the people who actually make the system work. There is no pride in being an employee (Wilson asked for a return to the time when everyone was an employer)（微妙的说明作者反对ww的观点，因为作者反对legend中提到的观点，而ww支持legend的观点）. There has been no boasting about our social workers---they are merely signs of the system's failure, of opportunity denied or not taken, of things to be eliminated. We have no pride in our growing interdependence, in the fact that our system can serve others, that we are able to help those in need; empty boasts （对legend的态度）from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, make us try to forget or deny them, move away from them. There is no honor but in the Wonderland race we must all run, all trying to win, none winning in the end (for there is no end)（说如果不改革就会迷失在free enterprise system中，永远没有终点，即反对ww观点）.

大意：
第一段：提到ww关于美国free enterprise system的观点，进一步阐述其观点，然后随其阐述说道美国的现状，处于有利地位的人不停改变，而处于不利地位的人希望通过改革停止这种改变，重新开始。
第二段：说道reform是不可能的，然后举美国的legend所不齿的例子反向说明作者不支持ww。

sandychen168

呵呵，有没有讨论讨论的同志啊~

家有懒猫

sandy你好强大啊，这篇我开始也没看明白，上来看大家的讨论的，现在清晰多了～～

sandychen168

呵呵，猫猫说说你的看法~我还有点纠结在细节~

emilyz0301

好吧，这篇文章太变态了

sandychen168

好吧，这篇文章太变态了

-- by 会员 emilyz0301 (2011/3/21 23:05:26)

确实很变态。。。。。

dearvc

9个题里我就对了2个……有极度想撞墙的冲动！！

gamxiaoyuan

我不得不说，原文已经很牛逼，楼主居然把它分析出来了，真是牛逼中的牛逼！！！！！！！

杂色百合2012

我第一次撞上这个题目也只抓狂，恨不得把写这个东西的人拿出来狂揍一顿~~
不过恨归恨，还是咬咬牙把所有不认识的单词都查出来，但是发现里面基本都是一些抽象名词，即使把意思全部查出来依然不懂。然后我又硬着头皮看了很多遍，还是不知所云~~~
看完楼主的分析，似乎懂了一点，但还是不太懂，所以最后决定还是放弃好了~~~、
死变态的文章！！

引夕

这篇只对了三个= =……看文章就看的很想SHI…………