Once the economic and social ...请教大牛们一个问题

clyne

白勇的书128页上

Once the economic and social usefulness of the motor car was demonstrated and with its superiority to the horse being proved, much of the early hostility to it in rural regions disappeared.
A) and with its superiority to the horse being
B) and its superiority over the horse had been
C) and its superiority to the horse
D) its superiority over the horse
E) with its superiority to the horse having been
书上说选B
个人认为选C更合适
请教各位牛牛


B 里面 的had been时态使用并没有特定依据
而C里面and后面从句省略be动词是应该的，因为前面的从句里有be动词

canaryyang

有同样疑问,是在白勇全解做到的，想法和楼主一样,求大牛解释！

三零年代

我不是大牛，贡献一点想法，我使用排除法得到B答案的，虽然我咋一看题目，不太认可过去完成式。
对于C,到了句子中就成为:
Once the economic and social usefulness of the motor car was demonstrated and its superiority to the horseproved,
有2个错误:
a. superiority over 不是 superiority to (见朗文当代英语词典) 而且在英语中表示高于，优于或者在xxx之上一般都是用over。
b. 谓语省略，因为and是连词，我从未见到从句的主语不一样，一个是economic and social usefulness 一个是 superiority，谓语还可以省略的例子。
同一主语和谓语倒是可以省略直接用and 连接宾语。

接下来看过去完成时，把正确答案带入到句子中就会发现，句子结构为
once xxx, A happened, 很明显 优越性被证明后，抵制消失了(一般过去式)。至于was demonstrated为什么用一般过去式，继续请教，偶不大明白

nickddss

Not NN at all. even a loser

1) Idiom: superiority to/over
The noun “superiority” is NOT necessarily followed by the prepostion “OVER”; “TO” can act as an equivalent alternative. Such usage has been illustrated in Oxford Dictionary – superiority (TO/OVER) sth/sb.
Examples from other sources in daily applications shown as below:
a)In the exclusive club of former presidents, not often does one declare his superiority (TO) another. (from CNN)
b)A study published by the Royal Society finds that men's superiority (OVER) women at chess at the top levels can be explained by population size.(from Scientific American)

2)Verb Form:
Answer C could be a good choice, only grammatically, without B, which emphasized the causal sequence in chronological order by using past perfect tense to introduce successfully a CONTRAST, understood from the conjunction “once”, between superiority proved and hostility disappeared along with usefulness demonstrated, the latter two actions considered to happen in the same past. Thus we can say answer B is the best choice, grammatically and logically.

3) Parallelism does NOT suggest ABSOLUTELY verb form agreement; it surrenders to logical predication.

canaryyang

谢谢楼上两位认真解答
但我还是不解 如果superiority to没问题，逻辑上superiority为什么会发生在之前？
小白的解释是and连接once从句和名词短语不对称

sdcar2010

This is simple.  "And" is used here to connect two sentences. "its superiority to the horse proved" is not a complete and coherent sentence. You cannot use the word "proved" this way. Check your dictionary.

xiaoder1230

不是superiority 发生在之前， 而是 superiority这件事被proved 发生在之前， 所以用过去完成时， 动作是 proved

canaryyang

不好意思我没说清楚 简化了
我的意思是proved,demonstrated,disappeared 有什么逻辑依据它们有先后，到底这个过去完成是怎么来的啊！！！
好吧proved在demonstrated前make sense,那为什么was demonstrated...
C的问题是没有完整主谓不能并列，可是b的时态是不是也有毛病....纠结的sc

三零年代

顶一下，我也想知道为什么 was demonstrated,困惑中，求高手

eshopaholic

Once the economic and social usefulness of the motor car was demonstrated and with its superiority to the horse (was) proved,
much of the early hostility to it in rural regions disappeared
上述结构中，第二个was应该可以省略的吧？


Once the economic and social usefulness of the motor car had been demonstrated and with its superiority to the horse had been proved,
much of the early hostility to it in rural regions disappeared.
如果用过去完成时，也是这样比较合理吧？


请高人指点