4.13 二战720（一战680......） 一些语文狗。

超然成风

Pictorialism is the name given to a photographic movement in vogue from around 1885 following the widespread introduction of the dry-plate process. It reached its height in the early years of the 20th century, and declined rapidly after 1914 after the widespread emergence of Modernism. The terms "ictorialism" and "ictorialist" entered common use only after 1900.
Pictorialism largely subscribed to the idea that art photography needed to emulate the painting and etching of the time. Most of these pictures were black & white or sepia-toned. Among the methods used were soft focus, special filters and lens coatings, heavy manipulation in the darkroom, and exotic printing processes. From 1898 rough-surface printing papers were added to the repertoire, to further break up a picture's sharpness. Some artists "etched" the surface of their prints using fine needles. The aim of such techniques was to achieve what the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica termed, in discussing Pictorialism, "personal artistic expression".
Despite the aim of artistic expression, the best of such photographs paralleled the impressionist style then current in painting. Looking back from the present day, we can also see close parallel between the composition and picturesque subject of genre paintings and the bulk of pictorialist photography.

The 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica noted that: "as a distinct movement pictorial photography is essentially of British origin", although in its later phases there was a strong influence on American photography. The Brotherhood of the Linked Ring and The New American School were notable organised U.S. tendencies in Pictorialism around 1900. An American circle of photographers later renounced pictorialism altogether and went on to found Group f/64, which espoused the ideal of unmanipulated, or straight photography.
One of the most important publications that promoted Pictorialism was Alfred Stieglitz's "Camera Work" 1903 - 1917. Each publication had up to 12 plates that were reproduced in Photogravure, Halftone or Collotype. These plates are now collected and very sought after in the art world. Most of the photographers that made up the issues were members of the Photo-Secession, a group that promoted photography as art and soon moved away from the ideals of pictorialism.
By the year of 1910, when Albright Gallery bought 15 photographs from Stieglitz' 291 Gallery, a major victory was won in the battle for establishing photography as art. Pictorialism, which had served to open the museum doors for photography, was now already regarded as a vision of the past by the spearheading photographers of that time. Stieglitz, always craving for the new, was quoted around 1910 saying "It is high time that the stupidity and sham in pictorial photography be struck a solarplexus blow." and "Claims of art won't do. Let the photographer make a perfect photograph. And if he happens to be a lover of perfection and a seer, the resulting photograph will be straight and beautiful - a true photograph."[1]
The new and proceedingly modern America needed a new representation in art. This necessarily meant the end for pictorialism as major form of art, although the contemporary American portraitist Sally Mann revisited the pictorialist style in her 2003 book What Remains.

raistlin422

不太一样，主旨内容都不一样。文字也要更简单，没那么多专业词汇。。。。考试文章中的专业词汇完全不用理会，不影响做题。

另外，ROI那篇就看整理版的狗狗就行了，很全面。其他几篇整理过的那个都不免有些问题。我这个应该比较准确。不过大家上考场还是要仔细读文章，仔细读题才是~~~

冷咖啡

lz...............赤果果的耍人啊

逻辑
1.
2. 不记得了...............

conniequan

“美国人多笨啊！”
哈哈哈

Leohhb

谢谢同学写出对语法的看法啊！！

leanncx

首先说说考试本身的verbal部分，之前TX说语法偏难，而且抓不住考点，逻辑偏难。这一度也困扰了我很长时间。但今天亲身体验才发现其实难度和prep相当，模式也一样，完全没有更难，当然也没有更加简单。所以说CDer将prep，语法笔记，OG弄好之后，会觉得做起真题的语法来很习惯，没有很怪的的感觉。逻辑、阅读亦同理。


看了这段。。顿觉欣慰~~~楼主恭喜~！

Budaphin

呼唤楼主，我昨天一战也拿了一样的一战分，而lz的二战分就是我之后的目标+，所以想知道从一战到二战lz是怎么计划的？：
之间间隔多久?
继续用了哪些材料?
情绪、心态、状态方面如何调整的呢~~
（PREP是不是值得做多几遍，直到拿到高分呢？）

非常期待lz回复，感激不尽了~