[求助]补充材料两道关于选举的

renda

1。    In a political system with only two major parties, the entrance of a third-party candidate into an election race damages the chances of only one of the two major candidates. The third-party candidate always attracts some of the voters who might otherwise have voted for one of the two major candidates, but not voters who support the other candidate. Since a third-party candidacy affects the two major candidates unequally, for reasons neither of them has any control over, the practice is unfair and should not be allowed.

If the factual information in the passage above is true, which of the following can be most reliably inferred from it?

(A) If the political platform of the third party is a compromise position between that of the two major parties, the third party will draw its voters equally from the two major parties.

(B) If, before the emergence of a third party, voters were divided equally between the two major parties, neither of the major parties is likely to capture much more than one-half of the vote.

(C) A third-party candidate will not capture the votes of new voters who have never voted for candidates of either of the two major parties.

(D) The political stance of a third party will be more radical than that of either of the two major parties.

(E) The founders of a third party are likely to be a coalition consisting of former leaders of the two major parties.



    whyB,我觉得很牵强

2。The following proposal to amend the bylaws of an organization was circulated to its members for comment.

When more than one nominee is to be named for an office, prospective nominees must consent to nomination and before giving such consent must be told who the other nominees will be.

Which of the following comments concerning the logic of the proposal is accurate if it cannot be known who the actual nominees are until prospective nominees have given their consent to be nominated?

(A) The proposal would make it possible for each of several nominees for an office to be aware of who all of the other nominees are.

(B) The proposal would widen the choice available to those choosing among the nominees.

(C) If there are several prospective nominees, the proposal would deny the last nominee equal treatment with the first.

(D)The proposal would enable a prospective nominee to withdraw from competition with a specific person without making that withdrawal known.


             (E) If there is more than one prospective nominee, the proposal would make it impossible for anyone to become a nominee


这两道我开始都有些看不懂的嫌疑，研究了半天还是没想通，麻烦你们帮我一下。这么笨的思路怎么上考场哦，急死我了

renda

555，怎么没人回答。即使简单，也麻烦哪位回答一下，帮我理一下这种题的思路，谢谢了

dansy

第一题是说在有两个主要政党的社会里，在选举过程中第三个政党的出现破坏了两个主要政党中的一个政党的机会。原因是第三个政党会吸引那些如果没有第三个政党一定会选两个主要政党之一的选举人。结论说第三个政党的出现不能平等地影响两个主要政党，所以不公平。答案B说的是如果两个主要政党选举人一样多，这种不公平性就被解除了。

dansy

第二题答案是E吗？

achilles2003

第一题, 原文论证是:因为第三政党偏好地只是吸引原来两个政党中的某一个的支持者, 所以导致了不公平. 也就是说作者假设原有的二党状态是公平的, 而B就提供了一个较为理想的二党公平状态.

achilles2003

第二题: 原文提出的新程序需要两个步骤: 一, 被告知其他人选; 二, 自己同意;  当预先不知道被提名人是谁的时候, 当然程序的第一步都实现不了, 所以就不会有任何被提名人了.