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17. Psychologist: Some astrologers claim that our horoscopes completely determine our personalities, but this claim is false, I concede that identical twins---who are, of course, born at practically the same time---often do have similar personalities. However, birth records were examined to find two individuals who were born 40 years ago on the same day and at exactly the same time---one in a hospital in Toronto and one in a hospital in New York. Personalities of these two individuals are in fact different.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the psychologist’s argument depends?
A. Astrologers have not subjected their claims to rigorous experimentation. B. The personality differences between the two individuals cannot be explained by the cultural difference between Toronto and New York. C. The geographical difference between Toronto and New York did not result in the two individuals having different horoscopes. D. Complete birth records for the past 40 years were kept at both hospitals. E. Identical twins have identical genetic structures and usually have similar home environments.
这道题A、C、D都很好排除,但是B和C却有疑惑,答案给的是C,解释是这样说的:
思路: Psychologist举例否原观点,举的反例必定是在原观点相同的前提情况下产生了与原观点不同的结论。原观点的前提情况是相同星座,结论是性格相同。反例的前提情况需要与原观点的一致,所以即是不管多伦多还是纽约生的星座是一样的。
但是我觉得有点不对,文章的结论是第一句话Some astrologers claim that our horoscopes completely determine our personalities, but this claim is false。 可以看出,文章应该是在讲horoscopes和personalities的关系,而C选项则是在说horoscopes由什么决定的,我觉得有点无关的意味在里面。 反观B选项,讲的是cultural与personality 虽然涉及cultural 但假设题并非严格排除新名词 细看这应该是一个排除他因 即排除cultural的影响 可以作为一个假设,取非的话也削落了horoscopes和personalities之间的影响,反对了结论。 不知道是不是这样的,望各位大牛牛们给予指导,谢谢了

[此贴子已经被作者于2009/7/24 23:40:07编辑过] |