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谢谢LZMM， 月球上的洞是这个吗？ 1. GWD-17-Q35-Q37
月球表面的洞(This passage was excerpted from material published in 1996.)
When a large body strikes a planet 大物撞击月亮会撞出一个洞。 or moon, material is ejected, thereby creating a hole in the planet and a local Line deficit of mass. This deficit shows up 缺失团块的洞会重力异常： (5) as a gravity anomaly: the removal of 附近重力较轻。 the material that has been ejected to make the hole results in an area of slightly lower gravity than surrounding areas. One would therefore expect that 所以月亮表面所有多环盆地 (10) all of the large multi-ring impact basins 应该出现负重力异常。 on the surface of Earth’s Moon would show such negative gravity anomalies, since they are, essentially, large holes in the lunar surface. Yet data collected 但是1994年太空船收集的 (15) in 1994 by the Clementine spacecraft 数据显示盆地无负重力，反 show that many of these lunar basins 而有些高重力异常。 have no anomalously low gravity and some even have anomalously high gravity. Scientists speculate that early 科学家推测早期的月亮受到 (20) in lunar history, when large impactors 撞击时，地幔的更密集物质 struck the Moon’s surface, causing 会上升并几乎同时补充了被 millions of cubic kilometers of crustal 冲走的物质，所以盆地无负 debris to be ejected, denser material 重力异常。 from the Moon’s mantle rose up (25) beneath the impactors almost imme- diately, compensating for the ejected material and thus leaving no low gravity anomaly in the resulting basin. Later, however, as the Moon grew cooler 之后月球越来越冷、变硬， (30) and less elastic, rebound from large 回弹补充越来越少，今天已 impactors would have been only partial 不可能发生。 and incomplete. Thus
today such gravitational compensation probably would not occur: the outer layer of the Moon is too cold and stiff. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Q35: According to the passage, the gravitational compensation referred to in line 33 is caused by which of the following? - A deficit of mass resulting from the creation of a hole in the lunar surface
- The presence of material from the impactor in the debris created by its impact
- The gradual cooling and stiffening of the Moon’s outer layer
- The ejection of massive amounts of debris from the Moon’s crust
- The rapid upwelling of material from the lunar mantle
denser material from the Moon’s mantle rose up beneath the impactors almost immediately, compensating for the ejected material and thus leaving no low gravity anomaly in the resulting basin. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Q36: The passage suggests that if the scientists mentioned in line 19 are correct in their speculations, the large multi-ring impact basins on the Moon with the most significant negative gravity anomalies probably - were not formed early in the Moon’s history
- were not formed by the massive ejection of crustal debris
- are closely surrounded by other impact basins with anomalously low gravity
- were created by the impact of multiple large impactors
- were formed when the Moon was relatively elastic
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Q37: Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? - An anomalous finding is cited, the data used to support that finding are analyzed, and the finding is modified.
- A theory about a phenomenon is introduced, data seeming to disprove that theory are analyzed, and the theory is rejected.
- A phenomenon is described, a finding relating to the phenomenon is discussed, and a possible explanation for that finding is offered.
- A debate among scientists regarding the explanation for a particular phenomenon is outlined, and one position in that debate is shown to be more persuasive.
- The observation of an astronomical event is described, and two schools of thought about the explanation for that event are discussed.
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发表于 2009-4-9 21:24:00
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