prep1-3 句子结构

vivian0331

请允许我就这道题再问几个问题：

1)看prep语法解释上说，分词短语在句首起状语作用,逻辑主语等于句子主语，其实就是指B这种情况吧？

(B) In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

2)答案A的解释中after + n.结构避免了逻辑主语问题;这一点是什么意思啊？我怎么不太明白？

这道题我最关心的就是逻辑主语问题，以上几点还请大家指教。

谢谢！

(B) In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

2)答案A的解释中after + n.结构避免了逻辑主语问题;这一点是什么意思啊？我怎么不太明白？

这道题我最关心的就是逻辑主语问题，以上几点还请大家指教。

谢谢！

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-7-7 20:21:31编辑过]

vivian0331

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aeoluseros

以下是引用vivian0331在2009-7-4 1:08:00的发言：

 我想问个问题：我们不经常强调逻辑主语一致么？这道题的主语是their descendants，那么前面跟它对应的应该是African honeybees，选项Ａ的主语是the release of African honeybees.这个怎么解释？

逻辑主语一致不是说主从句的主语都要同一个...

aeoluseros

以下是引用vivian0331在2009-7-7 16:10:00的发言：

请允许我就这道题再问几个问题：

1)看prep语法解释上说，分词短语在句首起状语作用,逻辑主语等于句子主语，其实就是指B这种情况吧？

(B) In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

2)答案A的解释中after + n.结构避免了逻辑主语问题;这一点是什么意思啊？我怎么不太明白？

这道题我最关心的就是逻辑主语问题，以上几点还请大家指教。

谢谢！

(B) In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

2)答案A的解释中after + n.结构避免了逻辑主语问题;这一点是什么意思啊？我怎么不太明白？

这道题我最关心的就是逻辑主语问题，以上几点还请大家指教。

谢谢！

(B) In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

2)答案A的解释中after + n.结构避免了逻辑主语问题;这一点是什么意思啊？我怎么不太明白？

这道题我最关心的就是逻辑主语问题，以上几点还请大家指教。

谢谢！

B的错误在于releasing显得是descendants的动作(releasing修饰descendants).
而A中releasing变成了release，那就没有修饰关系了

vivian0331

以下是引用aeoluseros在2009-7-8 2:37:00的发言：

逻辑主语一致不是说主从句的主语都要同一个...

有点明白了，我之前的想法太死板。

以后多注意这方面的case。谢谢！

Brilliance

怎么看不到回复？

天蝎座1107

Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, their descendants, popularly known as killer bees, had migrated as far north as southern Texas.

 

(A) Less than 35 years after the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

(B) In less than 35 years since releasing African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

(C) In less than the 35 years since African honeybees had been released outside Sao Paulo, Brazil,

(D) It took less than 35 years from the release of African honeybees outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, when

(E) It took less than the 35 years after the time that African honeybees were released outside Sao Paulo, Brazil, and then

1. 关于加不加in---不加in是时间点，加了in是一个period。把the release of African honeybees outside SPB作为时间点X, 那么less than 35 years after X就是X-35这个时间点。举个例子，如果X是1950那么X-35就是1925; 然而如果加了in就像是在1950到1925这段period中怎样怎样。

2. 主句用了过去完成时是过去的过去 那么句中 less than 35 years这是一个过去的时间点点例如1925  release是一个过去的时间点  然而their descendants had migrated这件事情发生在release之前---即less than 35 years这个点 也就是一个过去的时间点的过去 例如1950再往前推了35 years

dalphia

我觉得A选项的结构属于‘<N>短语+<rep>短语’的独立主格，其中
<n>短语＝less than 35 years
<prep>短语＝after ...
此独立主格有自己的逻辑主语就是' < 35 years', 同类的例子比如'books in hand, the professor...'

另外关于in的解释（朗文）：
expressing a period of time during which an event takes place or a situation remains the case : they met in 1885 | at one o'clock in the morning | I hadn't seen him in years.

也就是说‘in+时间’后不能接完成时(持续的动作)，只能接过去时的动作或一个持续的状态，所以 ‘in less than 35 years..., ... had migrated’ 是错的(BC同理)，但是可以把A选项前加上'within', 不影响

注意未划线的主句中的谓语动词'had migrated'

如果想说持续的动作，要用during或within, 不能用in：
during/within + time, ... have/had done
in + time, ... did...
in + time, ... 持续的状态...

绝对错(如BC)：in + time, ...have done...

还有in+时间不表示反复的动作

没办法1987

* choice c: 'the 35 years since' implies that the present
is 35 years after the release date. not only does this conflict with
the meaning of the original, but it also renders the past perfect (from
the underlined part) inappropriate: you'd need present perfect in this
case. also, since the release is a point event, it would belong in the
simple past.
* choice d: in this sentence, the commas +
non-essential modifier ('..., when') seem to imply that the
descendants' migration took place simultaneously with the release of
the original honeybees. in addition, in this sentence, 'it' refers to
some unspecified event (it can't refer to the descendants' migration,
for the aforementioned reasons).
* choice e: all kinds of problems with this one.  if you don't see what's wrong with it, reply and we will elaborate.

确认一点：他这么说，那么since就只能是指：从过去开始持续至今了，是么？？那么就是说，最后的时间点在现在，后面不可能跟过去完成时了？？这也是prep讲的？

我在langman上面查，since的解释似乎也是这样：

since S1 W1
                    

1 [generally used with a perfect tense in the main clause]
                from a particular time or event in the past until the present, or in that period of time:

但是他有一个例句：It was exactly five years since her father had died.

他这样的感觉好像是“现在就是过去”

这样不是很奇怪么？
            

yinan

顶，同ls，问since后面的时态