请教费费逻辑宝典第8 & 10题

ostricherr

8. The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens. This is clear from the fact that unless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry, and it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.
The claim that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens plays which one of the following roles in the argument?
(A) It is the conclusion of the argument.
(B) It helps to support the conclusion of the argument.
(C) It is a claim that must be refuted if the conclusion is to be established.
(D) It is a consequence of the argument.
(E) It is used to illustrate the general principle that the argument presupposes.

10. In order to pressure the government of Country S to become less repressive, some legislators in Country R want to ban all exports from R to S. Companies in R that manufacture telecommunication equipment such as telephones and fax machines have argued that exports of their products should be exempted from the ban, on the ground that it is impossible for a country to remain repressive when telecommunication equipment is widely available to the population of that country.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument given by the manufacturers depends?
(A) The government of S has recently increased the amount of telecommunication equipment it allows to be imported into the country.
(B) The telecommunication equipment that would be imported into S if the exemption were to be granted would not be available solely to top development officials in S.
(C) A majority of the members of R’s legislature do not favor exempting telecommunication equipment from the ban on exports to Country S.
(D) Of all exports that could be sent to Country S, telecommunication equipment would be the most effective in helping citizens of S oppose that country’s repressive government.
(E) Without pressure from Country R, the government of S would be able to continue repressing its citizens indefinitely.

alfred4044

8. b
promise : the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations
conclusion 1 :  it will be possible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry
promise2: a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens
conclusion : The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens

10 b
the argument of the company is that exporting communication facilities make it impossible for a country to remain repressive. The presumption here is that the facilities is available to normal citizens and is not only accessible to top officals.

ostricherr

第10题，为什么不可以是D???

cranberry

ASSUMPTION是必要条件，D成立与否，根本不影响结论的作出。即使没有最...的效果，也可以起到对抗压迫的作用