现在分词整理(完)

ad264

感谢各位提醒，分词跟不定词的比较
以下是NYTimes原文，看来use as(被动)与serve as(主动)是同样语意。

以考题看来，像enable to, use to....句子，看来是以考平衡用法为主。

In some species of cricket, the number of chirps per minute used by the
male to attract females rises and falls along with the outside
temperature, and can in fact be used as a rough thermometer.

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9400EFDE1731F937A15753C1A9669C8B63&scp=1&sq=In+some+species+of+cricket%2C+the+number+of+chirps+per+minute+used+by+the+male&st=nyt

有一个可以跟大家分享的：当前面句子是
V + O + to V, Ving
这个Ving是可以修饰to V的

    

Among
lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than nonunion members to be
enrolled in lower-end insurance plans that
            impose
stricter limits on medical services and
            require
doctors to see more patients,
            spending less time with each.

只有找到这一题。

Colx

今天做大全，碰到的

35.   A star will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole after it passes through a red giant stage, depending on mass.

(A) A star will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole after it passes through a red giant stage, depending on mass.

(B) After passing through a red giant stage, depending on its mass, a star will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.

(C) After passing through a red giant stage, a star’s mass will determine if it compresses itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.

(D) Mass determines whether a star, after passing through the red giant stage, will compress itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.（D）

(E) The mass of a star, after passing through the red giant stage, will determine whether it compresses itself into a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole.

ad264

这个是adv clause 改成分词片语的题

另外，我今天终於找到一题分词为 -ed，且一定是修饰逗号之前的名词。
分词长ed的，有一个说法是一定是修饰逗号之前的名词，不过，国外论坛的老师不是很100%肯定这个原则。如果找到连结再附上。
The ancient Anasazi harvested such native desert vegetation as the purple-flowered bee
plant, what they now commonly call wild spinach in northern
    Arizona and other
    parts of the southwestern United States.

A. what they now commonly call
B. a plant that they now commonly call
C. now commonly called
D. and is mow commonly called
E. which it is now commonly called

ANS: C

ricee

以下是引用ricee在2008-6-1 8:49:00的发言：

再来一个PREP的例子，是JJ版里看到的，也可以看作分词VS谓语动词的例子：

96.   (29707-!-item-!-188;#058&003977)

In some species of cricket, the number of chirps per minute used by the male for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve as an approximate thermometer.

(A) for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve

(B) for attracting females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, which can in fact serve

(C) in attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving

(D) to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and it can in fact serve

(E) to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving

答案是D，有考友认为E是现在分词有歧义修饰前面的temperature的可能，定状歧义。大家有什么看法呢？

连接：http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=22&ID=326549&page=1

仔细体会一下，it can serve as a thermometer 与possibly serving as a thermometer是有区别的。虽然这样的例子之前从来没有碰到过，但我觉得，can serve是用情态动词+动词原形表示一种可能性，目前也许并未这么做，the number对旁人可以起到thermometer的作用；而如果用了分词serving，是否有定状歧义我还是不很肯定（因为目前为止又似乎没有明确的判断标准），但即使是作状语，无论是表伴随还是表结果，都表示是真实存在的，这与句子要表达的可能性是不符合的。也许这也正好应验了XDF规则之一，原文的情态动词不能随意改变吧。

一点琐碎的想法，供讨论。

ad264

800bob說：所以应该不是错在分词。

What's wrong with E is not "serving," but "possibly," which distorts the intended meaning of the sentence. That the number of chirps "can" serve as a thermometer means that it has the capability. "Possibly" implies uncertainty.

http://www.urch.com/forums/gmat-sentence-correction/47998-cricket-temperatures-2.html

FYI

AlienX

umm...I think that "spending less time.."是在modify "doctor".

ad264

这一题考题有兴趣的话可以找出(Prep-T1-Q134)，由选项的感觉是要考生分辨三个动词的关系。动词的对象一定有出发者，所以分词一定会兼顾到主词。

这一题角度如果由解释动词着手，因为被要求看多一点病人，所以花在每个病人的时间少了。see more vs. spend less

FYI

ad264

刚作题遇到很类似的题目，我觉得看到分词先判断逻辑主语是对不对，再来才可以决定几个动作的关系如何安排。谢谢AlienX的提醒。
    

GWD-8-Q23:

    

A New York City
ordinance of 1897 regulated the use of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of
eight miles an hour, required of cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on
handlebars at all times, and it granted pedestrians right-of-way.
            

1. regulated the use
        of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required of
        cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, and
        it granted
                   
2. regulated the use
        of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required
        cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times,
        granting
3. regulating the use
        of bicycles mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required
        cyclists that they keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all
        times, and it granted
4. regulating the use
        of bicycles, mandating a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, requiring
        of cyclists that they keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all
        times, and granted
5. regulating the use of bicycles mandated a maximum speed of eight
        miles an hour, required cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on
        handlebars at all times, and granted

    

 
    

Ans: E  (反白)

    

ad264

GWD-10-Q20
In the mid-1970's, since birds were overcome
        by
        pollution, and routinely falling from
        the
        sky
        above
        Los Angeles freeways, this prompted officials in California to devise a plan that reduced automobile emissions.


    
A. since birds were overcome
    by
    pollution, and routinely falling from
    the
    sky
    above
    Los Angeles freeways, this prompted officials in California to devise a plan that reduced


    
B. since birds that had been overcome
    by
    pollution were routinely falling from
    the
    sky
    above
    Los Angeles freeways, it prompted officials in California to devise a plan that would reduce


    
C. birds had been overcome
    by
    pollution and routinely
    fell
    from
    the
    sky
    above
    Los Angeles freeways, prompting officials in California to devise a plan that reduced


    
D.
    birds
    overcome
    by
    pollution
    routinely
    fell
    from
    the
    sky
    above
    Los Angeles freeways, prompting officials in California to devise a plan to reduce


    
E. birds
    overcome
    by
    pollution and routinely falling from
    the
    sky
    above
    Los Angeles freeways were prompting officials in California to devise a plan to reduce

Ans: D

选项E的错误让我对分词表结果有不同的认识，分词结构的「主词与动词」要一起判断，不可缺一

dingxiang

以下是引用ad264在2008-6-2 19:20:00的发言：
刚作题遇到很类似的题目，我觉得看到分词先判断逻辑主语是对不对，再来才可以决定几个动作的关系如何安排。谢谢AlienX的提醒。
 

GWD-8-Q23:

 

A New York City
ordinance of 1897 regulated the use of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of
eight miles an hour, required of cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on
handlebars at all times, and it granted pedestrians right-of-way.
   

1. regulated the use
        of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required of
        cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, and
        it granted
       
2. regulated the use
        of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required
        cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times,
        granting
3. regulating the use
        of bicycles mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required
        cyclists that they keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all
        times, and it granted
4. regulating the use
        of bicycles, mandating a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, requiring
        of cyclists that they keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all
        times, and granted
5. regulating the use of bicycles mandated a maximum speed of eight
        miles an hour, required cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on
        handlebars at all times, and granted

Ans: E  (反白)

 

错选了B, 555

但确实B是错的, 因为即使不看逻辑意思, 如果B要对, 也要符合平行. 最后一个谓语动词要加and