12/15 北美 7**AWA/Math/RC

snowofjune

找到了，请看看是不是下文？题目问的一样吗？

GWD 26-Q7 to Q9

    

There is no consensus among

    

researchers regarding what qualifies a

    

substance as a pheromone. While most

    

Line agree on a basic
definition of pheromones

    

(5) as chemicals released by
one individual

    

   of a species which, when detected by

    

   another individual of the same species,

    

   elicit a specific behavioral or
physiological

    

   response, some researchers also specify

    

(10) that the response to
pheromones must be

    

   unconscious. In addition, the distinction

    

   between pheromones and odorants—

    

   chemicals that are consciously detected

    

   as odors---can be blurry, and some

    

(15) researchers classify
pheromones as a

    

type
of odorant. Evidence that pheromone

    

responses
may not involve conscious odor

    

perception
comes from the finding that in

    

many
species, pheromones are processed

    

(20) by the vomeronasal (or
accessory olfactory)

    

    system, which uses a special structure in

    

the
nose, the vomeronasal organ (VNO),

    

to
receive chemical signals. The neural

    

connections
between the VNO and the

    

(25) brain are separate from
those of the main

    

olfactory
system, whose processing of

    

odorants
triggers sensations of smell. But

    

while
the VNO does process many animal

    

pheromone
signals, not all animal phero-

    

(30) mones work through the
VNO. Conversely,

    

not
all chemical signals transmitted via the

    

VNO
quality as pheromones. For example,

    

garter
snakes detect a chemical signal from

    

earthworms—one
of their favorite foods—via

    

(35) the VNO, and they use
this signal to track

    

their
prey.

    

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Q7

    

It
can be inferred from the passage that

    

in
classifying pheromones as a type of

    

odorant,
the researchers referred to in

    

line
15 posit that

    

A.      
pheromones are
perceived

    

consciously

    

B.      
most pheromones
are processed

    

by
the VNO

    

C.      
most chemical
signals processed

    

by
the VNO are pheromones

    

D.      
Pheromone
perception does not

    

occur
exclusively between mem-

    

bers
of the same species.

    

E.       
pheromones do not
always elicit

    

a
specific behavioral or physio-

    

logical
response

    

answer:

    

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Q8

    

According to the passage, the
fact that

    

pheromones are processed by
the VNO

    

in many animal species has
been taken

    

as evidence of which of the
following?

    

A.    The accessory and main olfac-

    

Tory
systems are not separate

    

B.     Odorants and pheromones are

    

not
distinct types of chemicals.

    

C.     Odorants and pheromones both

    

elicit
a specific behavioral

    

response.

    

D.    Pheromones do not trigger con-

    

scious
sensations of smell.

    

E.     Pheromones aid animals in track-

    

ing
prey.

    

Answer:

    

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Q9

    

The primary purpose of the
pas-

    

sage is to

    

A.    compare and contrast the ways

    

in
which the vomeronasal organ

    

and
the main olfactory systern

    

process
chemicals.

    

B.     summarize the debate over the

    

role the vomeronasal organ

    

plays
in odor perception

    

C.     present some of the issues

    

involved
in the debate over

    

what
constitutes a pheromone

    

D.    propose a new definition of

    

pheromones
based on recent

    

research

    

E.     argue that pheromones should be

    

classified
as a type of odorant