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一道弄晕我的因果关系问题--LSAT-1-4-21

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11#
发表于 2008-6-1 20:34:00 | 只看该作者

同意7楼和3楼,醍醐灌顶!

12#
发表于 2008-6-2 11:45:00 | 只看该作者

凑个热闹,我的解法如下,不当之处恳请批评指正,以促进步。

该题逻辑线索为:

第一句话:low-pressure systerm→rainfall

第二句话:low-pressure systerm→thundershowers

根据三段论的第三格:M-

          M-

        ——————

        S-

可知,要使作者论证成立则必有:thundershowers-rainfall

答案为B。C和D按照公共元素不在正确答案出现的规则,不必待逻辑线索列出,就可以首先排除了。

13#
发表于 2008-6-15 17:24:00 | 只看该作者
7楼太牛了
14#
发表于 2010-10-1 17:46:44 | 只看该作者
刚看到这个问题.....虽然已经很早了. 但是我想问问我的情况是否正确...

厄, 我是这么推的

1. low-pressure --> local area
2. low-presssure --> rainfall (70%) --> at Local area  
3. low-pressure -->  thundershowers --> at Local area  & at resent time period (spiring, now)

第一句提出背景
第二句由背景延伸出一个结果,及地点限定
第三句由背景延伸出另一个结果,及地点限定,并且附加时间限定
问题是要将另一个结果(雷雨)推算出百分比.只有前一个结果提出百分比问题,所以必须与前一结果(下雨)结合,

A是将雷雨和时间限定结合
B是将雷雨和下雨(有百分比)结合
C是将雷雨和背景(低压)结合
D是将雷雨和其他地区..这个完全out of scope
E是与过往时间限定对比,也是out fo scope

所以我没看出BC 有什么相似啊, 在说两个东西呢, 除了下雨和雷雨, 其他任何条件(背景,时间限定, 地点限定) 都无法在提供单独一个比例的情况下推算雷雨比例, 因为只有下雨几率是有翔实比例数据的


另, 后来看了下回复, 7楼貌似有点问题, 11楼和我一样推的,呵呵
15#
发表于 2013-12-8 13:42:46 | 只看该作者
mariezhu 发表于 2003-11-29 17:36
这道题讨论过,搜索一下吧!另外文中已经有thundershower和lowpressure weather system的关系了,缺的是rai ...

嗯,懂了!
16#
发表于 2019-7-23 20:00:03 | 只看该作者
gracehu 发表于 2003-11-29 10:17
21.    A low-pressure weather system is approaching Plainville; rainfall results ...

1. Correlation never proves causality

2. 2 things happened coincidentally with one and another does not prove any causality either.

3. When A happen, B, and C also happened, it does not mean A is the cause for both B&C, it could be A is " coincidentally happened when B cause C or C cause B.

Core question: The determining factor of the probability that plainville will have a thundershower soon.

Well... Thundershower means thunder and rainfalls, so all we have to do is to calculate the possibilities of exactly when thunder happens, rainfalls also happens at spring seasons.

So let us say that spring seasons are 4 months as total, which are 120 days, and within those 120 days, we have exactly 84 days ( 120 * 0.7 ) are days with rainfalls, and if we do have a exact numbers and dates of thunder happened within those 120 days, we can know within that 84 days of rainfall, when do we have the day with not only rainfalls but also thunders. lets make up a number as 20 days, both rain and thunder.

In that sense, the percentage of spring rainfalls in Plainville that are thundershower could be calculated as 20/84.

C. Please please please ensure that you are not going to be distracted by " low pressure systems ". If you are figuring the percentage of thundershowers due to low pressure system, then you can only have use that outcome to versus the percentage of thundershowers " not due to " low pressure system. However, even we do have the exact answer from that versus relationship, we still can't determine the probability of the thundershower at plainville.



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