有谁在做新破解的PREP TEST2 RC第六篇？请教T20，迷糊不解啊！

rebeccastudy

Essay #6.  196      (22098-!-item-!-188;#058&00196-00)

 

According to P. F. Drucker, the management philosophy known as Total Quality Management (TQM), which is designed to be adopted consistently throughout an organization and to improve customer service by using sampling theory to reduce the variability of a product's quality, can work successfully in conjunction with two older management systems.  As Drucker notes, TQM's scientific approach is consistent with the statistical sampling techniques of the "rationalist" school of scientific management, and the organizational structure associated with TQM is consistent with the social and psychological emphases of the "human relations" school of management.

 

However, TQM cannot simply be grafted onto these systems or onto certain other non-TQM management systems.  Although, as Drucker contends, TQM shares with such systems the ultimate objective of increasing profitability, TQM requires fundamentally different strategies.  While the other management systems referred to use upper management decision-making and employee specialization to maximize shareholder profits over the short term, TQM envisions the interests of employees, shareholders, and customers as convergent.  For example, lower prices not only benefit consumers but also enhance an organization's competitive edge and ensure its continuance, thus benefiting employees and owners.  TQM's emphasis on shared interests is reflected in the decentralized decision-making, integrated production activity, and lateral structure of organizations that achieve the benefits of TQM.

Question #20.  196-05  (22190-!-item-!-188;#058&000196-05)

 

Which of the following best describes the relationship of the second paragraph to the first paragraph?

 

(A) It presents contrasting explanations for a phenomenon presented in the first paragraph.

(B) It discusses an exception to a general principle outlined in the first paragraph.

(C) It provides information that qualifies a claim presented in the first paragraph.

(D) It presents an example that strengthens a claim presented in the first paragraph.

(E) It presents an alternative approach to solving a problem discussed in the first paragraph.

答案是C，迷惑不解，为什么不是A啊？第二段阐述的观点是在第一段基础上的转折的啊，说的是相反的论调啊。

请教NN！

legnawen

同學

個人淺見是認為第一段Drucker說TQM跟"rationalist" 和"human relations" school of management.理論是相符合的 但是下面一段就說However, TQM cannot simply be grafted onto these systems or onto certain other non-TQM management systems然後後面提出了解釋 TQM和這些傳統理論有哪些不一樣的地方(從2nd段最後面到下面都是在說明不一樣的地方)

選項A是說提出針對第一段的一個現象提出相反的解釋....所以應該不通喔

但是正確答案C是說提供一些infor來反駁第一段的說法

所以就是比較好的答案啦!!

希望對你有幫助喔

可以問一下哪邊可以抓到破解的PP RC?

我也想練習一下!!

rebeccastudy

原来如此！！知道了！

原来qualify在这里做“反驳，限制，部分否定”的意思啊！我以前一直认为是做“加强，合格化”的意思。正好联想起来OG11黄本阅读的一个题目，问的是作者的态度，就是什么qualified acceptance.

谢谢楼上同学，终于明白了。咳，一个动词不明白，什么都错了。

另外，PREP在这个五一期间就被大牛给破了，琏接懒得找了，上传给你咯。或者你去找gmat_sucks这个牛牛的帖拉，好象是在“走出困境”这个讨论区里的。这么好的东西，肯定不会沉底的。

还有哦，再请教一个阅读题目，今早刚做完的，也是想不明白，请楼上同学帮忙看看。

Essay #8.  219      (22388-!-item-!-188;#058&00219-00)
   

Although the industrial union organizations that emerged under the banner of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion, the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period.  Elizabeth Faue's study of the labor movement in Minneapolis argues that women were marginalized by union bureaucratization and by the separation of unions from the community politics from which industrial unionism had emerged.  Faue stresses the importance of women's contribution to the development of unions at the community level, contributions that made women's ultimate fate within the city's labor movement all the more poignant:  as unions reached the peak of their strength in the 1940s, the community base that had made their success possible and to which women's contributions were so vital became increasingly irrelevant to unions' institutional life.

Although the industrial union organizations that emerged under the banner of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion, the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period.  Elizabeth Faue's study of the labor movement in Minneapolis argues that women were marginalized by union bureaucratization and by the separation of unions from the community politics from which industrial unionism had emerged.  Faue stresses the importance of women's contribution to the development of unions at the community level, contributions that made women's ultimate fate within the city's labor movement all the more poignant:  as unions reached the peak of their strength in the 1940s, the community base that had made their success possible and to which women's contributions were so vital became increasingly irrelevant to unions' institutional life.

In her study of CIO industrial unions from the 1930s to the 1970s, Nancy F. Gabin also acknowledges the pervasive male domination in the unions, but maintains that women workers were able to create a political space within some unions to advance their interests as women.  Gabin shows that, despite the unions' tendency to marginalize women's issues, working women's demands were a constant undercurrent within the union, and she stresses the links between the unions' women activists and the wave of feminism that emerged in the 1960s.
   

Question #26.  219-02  (22480-!-item-!-188;#058&000219-02)
   

Which of the following can be inferred regarding the "gender ideology" mentioned in the highlighted text?
     

(A) It prevented women from making significant contributions to the establishment of industrial unions.
   

Which of the following can be inferred regarding the "gender ideology" mentioned in the highlighted text?
     

(A) It prevented women from making significant contributions to the establishment of industrial unions.
   

(B) It resulted from the marginalization of women in industrial unions.
   

(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.
   

(D) Its primary tenets were nondiscrimination and inclusion.
   

(E) Its effects were mitigated by the growth of industrial unions.

 

答案是C，可是我选B。

找到黄色高亮部分，我就继续往下看，文章说women were marginalized by union bureaucratization and by the separation of unions，再联系第一句话，Although the industrial union organizations embraced the principles of nondiscrimination and inclusion， 但是妇女还是被边缘化了，所以才出现了gender ideology啊。同时，文章也说 the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period， 那么the role of women 是怎么样的呢？是subordinate, 是被marginalized, 所以呢，gender ideology就应运而生啊

看了答案，也觉得C是合理的，可是我的B错在哪里呢？？？请楼上同学帮忙解惑~

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-5-25 17:03:13编辑过]

leoozop

B的因果关系颠倒了，正确的是 Gender ideology resulted in the marginalization of women in industrial unions.
仔细体会～

legnawen

rebeccastudy同學

太感謝你的分享了~ 哈哈我資訊太慢不知道已經破解啦~

我六月12要上站場了 現在快點來做一下

有機會的話在一起交換心得吧!

感謝你的提供!

 

youyou3941

不是吧

qualify哪有反驳的意思啊，就是赞同的意思

我觉得应该这样理解：第二段说however，是肯定了前面的情况，表让步

youyou3941

知道了qualify表限制，对了

ken178

Which of the following can be inferred regarding the "gender ideology" mentioned in the highlighted text?


(A) It prevented women from making significant contributions to the establishment of industrial unions.
  (B) It resulted from the marginalization of women in industrial union(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.
(D) Its primary tenets were nondiscrimination and inclusion.(E) Its effects were mitigated by the growth of industrial unions.

这题想不明白，能在解释一次吗？谢谢

lovegr

Essay #8.  Q26

其实答案C就是原文的改写。
the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period.其实仔细看这句话，就能体会出gender ideology 一定对the role of women within unions 产生了影响，后面是说具体的影响是were marginalized by union bureaucratization。

(A) It prevented women from making significant contributions to the establishment of industrial unions.
第一段是在说gender ideology 对the role of women within unions 产生的影响，而并没谈到women与建立工会 establishment of industrial unions有啥关系。无关。

 (B) It resulted from the marginalization of women in industrial union
因果关系反了。应是marginalization of women in industrial union resulted from gender ideology


(C) It had a significant effect on the advancement of women's issues within industrial unions.

正确。原文的改写。the role of women within unions reflected the prevailing gender ideology of the period.

(D) Its primary tenets were nondiscrimination and inclusion. 无关

(E) Its effects were mitigated by the growth of industrial unions. 无关

wsyzzydy

麻烦你能帮我翻译下文中As Drucker notes, TQM's scientific approach is consistent with the statistical sampling techniques of the "rationalist" school of scientific management, and the organizational structure associated with TQM is consistent with the social and psychological emphases of the "human relations" school of management.这句话么~结构我知道~可是意思不能理解~~谢谢啦~