14-1-20 14-2-22

番茄炒蛋

20. Pretzels can cause cavities. Interestingly, the longer that a pretzel remains in contact with the teeth when it is being eaten, the greater the likelihood that a cavity will result. What is true of pretzels in this regard is also true of caramels. Therefore, since caramels dissolve more quickly in the mouth than pretzels do, eating a caramel is less likely to result in a cavity than eating a pretzel is.

The reasoning in the argument is vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument

(A) treats a correlation that holds within individual categories as thereby holding across categories as well

(B) relies on the ambiguous use of a key term

(C) makes a general claim based on particular examples that do not adequately represent the respective classes that they are each intended to represent

(D) mistakes the cause of a particular phenomenon for the effect of that phenomenon

(E) is based on premises that cannot all be true

答案是A，不过原文中有What is true of pretzels in this regard is also true of caramels
那是为什么呢

22. In a survey of consumers in an Eastern European nation, respondents were asked two questions about each of 400 famous Western brands: whether or not they recognized the brand name and whether or not they thought the products bearing that name were of high quality. The results of the survey were a rating and corresponding rank order for each brand based on recognition, and a second rating-plus-ranking based on approval. The brands ranked in the top 27 for recognition were those actually available in that nation. The approval rankings of these 27 brands often differed sharply from their recognition rankings. By contrast, most of the other brands had ratings, and thus rankings, that were essentially the same for recognition as for approval

Which one of the following, if each is a principle about consumer surveys, is violated by the survey described?

(A) Never ask all respondents a question if it cannot reasonably be answered by respondents who make a particular response to another question in the same survey

(B) Never ask a question that is likely to generate a large variety of responses that are difficult to group into a manageable number of categories

(C) Never ask all respondents a question that respondents cannot answer without giving up their anonymity

(D) It is better to ask the same question about ten different products than to ask ten different questions about a single product

(E) It is best to ask questions that a respondent can answer without fear of having gotten the answer wrong

answer is a
我想了好几次，都想不通
里面是什么关系啊

谢谢高人指点，指点都是高人，呵呵

番茄炒蛋

大家来帮忙答复一下吧

miejue

20题 原文的意思是在各自的条件下 时间越长 cavity的可能越大 而结论跨越了各自的条件限制。 可能的是caramels停留10秒对牙齿的伤害远大于Pretzels停留1小时对牙齿的伤害 那么结论就是错误的了。

miejue

22题 原文的意思是在调查中有两种排名 一个是是否了解该公司品牌 一个是该公司产品的质量是否高  结果27种该国可以买到的产品的加权排名和原始排名差异很大 而另外的产品却没有很大差异 说明这里被调查者对27个品牌的了解和对该品牌产品的质量认可度有很大差异 A答案中指出原则： 如果被调查者因为同时对调查中的另外一个问题也要作出评价而导致其不能对该问题作出合理评价 那么就不要向所有的被调查者问这个问题

这里被调查者被同时问到两个问题 而对其中任何一个问题的回答都会影响到对另外一个问题的回答 因此违法了上面的原则。

番茄炒蛋

第一题的解释很棒，谢谢了
第二题的原题我也可以看懂，不过还是有个问题，


』如果被调查者因为同时对调查中的另外一个问题也要作出评价而导致其不能对该问题作出合理评价 那么就不要向所有的被调查者问这个问题
这里被调查者被同时问到两个问题 而对其中任何一个问题的回答都会影响到对另外一个问题的回答 因此违法了上面的原则。』
怎么影响了另外一个问题的回答呢，我想不通

番茄炒蛋

再帮我看看22题
谢谢各位了

番茄炒蛋

up

番茄炒蛋

顶
为什么那些客户被问得问题是 cannot reasonably be answered
谢

weiyu

如果遵循A的标准, 则不会有认知度排名和质量排名大相径庭的情况. 所以上面的survey违反了A的原则fficeffice" />