我下星期要考了.請幫忙解真題

GiGi

1. According to psychoanalytic theory, people have unconscious beliefs that are kept from becoming conscious by a psychological mechanism termed “repression.” Researchers investigating the nature of this mechanism observed occasions on which a patient undergoing therapy became aware of and expressed a previously unconscious belief. They found that such occasions were marked by an unusual decrease in the patient’s level of anxiety.
If the information above is true, and if the researchers’ investigation was properly conducted, then which of the following must also be true?
(A) Changes in the patient’s anxiety level during therapy can generally be used as an accurate measure of the extent to which the patient is becoming conscious of previously repressed beliefs.
(B) Even when one of a patient’s unconscious beliefs remains unconscious, researchers are sometimes able to discover this belief.
(C) If psychoanalytic theory is correct, then most conscious beliefs originate as unconscious beliefs.
(D) Researchers were able to distinguish expressed beliefs that had previously been unconscious from those that had long been conscious but that the patient had not previously expressed.
(E) Although the beliefs on which the mechanism of repression works are all unconscious, the operation of the mechanism itself is something of which patients are consciously aware.

  2.  Since 1941 Los Angeles has drawn water from mountain streams that feed into Mono Lake. If water continues to be drawn from the streams at the present rate, in about 30 years the resulting drop in the water level of Mono Lake will trigger a chain reaction ending in the destruction of the ecosystem of the lake.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the prediction is based?
(A) Since 1941 the ecosystem of Mono Lake has changed significantly as a result of a drop in the lake’s water level.
(B) The amount of water that evaporates from Mono Lake has increased annually since at least 1941.
(C) Los Angeles is investigating the availability of a different source of water that could supplement the water it draws from the mountain streams.
(D) Voluntary water conservation will not by itself be sufficient to hold Los Angeles’ water needs to present levels.
(E) Any water flowing into Mono Lake from sources other than the mountain streams will be insufficient to prevent the triggering event from occurring.

3.  If new working practices raise a firm’s productivity, will the firm respond by paying its workers more? Not in a competitive market. In such a market the firm, to gain a competitive edge, will reduce prices. The workers’ real wages, as measured by those wages’ purchasing power, will still rise because of lower prices.
In a competitive market which of the following, if true, ensures that the workers of a firm that achieved productivity gains will derive from these gains the benefit of higher real wages?
(A) The workers’ firm continues to achieve productivity gains.
(B) Other firms do not achieve comparable productivity gains.
(C) The workers buy products made by the firm that employs them.
(D) The workers prefer the new working practices over the old.
(E) The firm pays its workers at or above the industry’s average.

4. A United States manufacturer of farm equipment reported a 1988 third-quarter net income of $32 million, compared with $25.5 million in the third quarter of 1987. This increase was realized despite a drop in United States retail sales of farm equipment toward the end of the third quarter of 1988 as a result of a drought.
Which of the following, if true, would contribute most to an explanation of the increase in the manufacturer’s net income?
(A) During the third quarter of 1988, the manufacturer announced that it would add irrigation systems to its line of products.
(B) In the third quarter of 1988, the manufacturer paid no wages during a six-week strike, but stocks on hand were adequate to supply dealers.
(C) Sales in the United States of farm equipment made and sold by foreign companies were higher in the third quarter of 1988 than in any previous quarter.
(D) Official dealers of the manufacturer had low supplies of farm equipment during the third quarter of 1988.
(E) Eligible United States farmers benefited from a federal drought-relief fund late in the third quarter of 1988.

5.Many television viewers own videocassette recorders (VCR’s). Companies that advertise on television complain that VCR ownership hurts their business, since a VCR makes it possible to view television programs without watching the commercials. Indeed, two-thirds of those who tape programs on a VCR edit out the commercials when viewing the programs.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the companies’ complaint that VCR ownership is currently hurting their business?
(A) The methods for determining audience size, which in turn determines charges for advertising time, count households that are merely recording a program as households that are watching it.
(B) VCR manufacturers who advertise on television would themselves suffer the damage, if any, to advertisers’ interests that is caused by VCR’s.
(C) There are VCR’s that are in the early stages of development that will automatically edit out commercials during the recording process.
◎(D) Those who tape programs on VCR’s, but who do not edit out commercials when viewing the programs, tape more often than those who do edit out the commercials.
(E) Some television commercials are as entertaining or informative as the programs they interrupt.

請問#2(a)及#4(c)為何不對? 請再幫我解釋一下#1.#5的意思
#3我不了解為何答案是(c)

mindfree

D E C B A

Please confirm the answers first.

dandan74

同意mindfree的答案，我还是错了一题，看来总教头还是高处不胜寒哪！
高分绝对不是偶然的。
D E C B A

GiGi

哇!答案都對!我對於這幾天是比較有疑問及不懂的(特別是#1)
麻煩請解說一下

mythicalman

D提供了可能性，否则就无法分辨到底是什么造成的

mindfree

Let me explain 2 first.

You need to know what an assumption is. It is a hidden premise in the argument. For example: Human being is highly intelligent. So Tom is highly intelligent. The assumption in this argument is that Tom is human being. How to test an assumption? Use negative, then original argument does not hold. Say Tom is not human being. The original argument does not hold. Therefore it is an assumption.

Choice A in #2 is a typical wrong answer. If sounds logical. However, it does not help the argument. If you use negative to test it: ecosystem has not changed significantly since 1941. The original argument still holds. It is never said in the question that the change is gradual, not all of a sudden. So it is likely that there has been no change until 30 years from now.

E is the right answer in that it introduces the effects of other factors. If you use negative to test it: other source will be sufficient to prevent the problem. Then the original argument about destruction will not hold any more.

Let's see if anybody else can explain the others.

ecsniffer

谁能给我讲讲第5题的c为什么错呢？


我觉得它也是加强呀~~~


thks!

cranberry

C说还在研制呢，呵呵。

tianwan

第五题C不是加强。
Many television viewers own videocassette recorders (VCR’s). Companies that advertise on television complain that VCR ownership hurts their business, since a VCR makes it possible to view television programs without watching the commercials. Indeed, two-thirds of those who tape programs on a VCR edit out the commercials when viewing the programs.
观众使用录像机，可以看不带广告的节目录像，所以做了电视广告的公司认为他们的利益受到损害。而且确实2/3的录像删掉了广告。
C只是说有些录像机（no matter in operation or in development）可以自动删除广告，但并没有明确指出超过2/3的录像删掉了广告。

weiyu

on question no 5, I agree with tianwan. Let me talk question no. 1 in detail


人们的无意识信仰通过repression使其不有意识, 但是在某个情况下（最后一句话），发现通过治疗可以使以前无意识的东西被表达 。选项D科学家可以分清现在的表达是以前无意识的东西还是本来就有意识的东西而以前未表达出来。


这是可能性问题，即能区分是不是它因导致