问一个og里的题目，我找不到讨论贴，谢谢！

yangree

    就是这篇：

    

The
new school of political history that emerged in the 1960’s and 1970’s sought to
go beyond the traditional focus of political historians on leaders and
government institutions by examining directly the political practices of
ordinary citizens. Like the old approach, however, this new approach excluded
women. The very techniques these historians used to uncover mass political
behavior in the nineteenth-century United
            State – quantitative analyses of
election returns, for example – were useless in analyzing the political
activities of women, who were denied the vote until 1920.

    

By
redefining “political activity,” historian Paula Baker has developed a
political history that includes women. She concludes that among ordinary
citizens, political activism by women in the nineteenth century prefigured
trends in twentieth-century politics. Defining “politics” as “any action taken
to affect the course of behavior of government or of the community,” Baker
concludes that, while voting and holding office were restricted to men, women
in the nineteenth century organized themselves into societies committed to
social issues such as temperance and poverty. In other words, Baker contends,
women activists were early practitioners of nonpartisan, issue-oriented
politics and thus were more interested in enlisting lawmakers, regardless of
their party affiliation, on behalf of certain issues than

    

in
ensuring that one party or another won an election. In the twentieth century,
more men drew closer to women’s ideas about politics and took up modes of
issue-oriented politics that Baker sees women as having pioneered.

    

131.
The primary purpose of the passage is to

    

(A)                     
enumerate reason why both traditional scholarly methods and newer
scholarly methods have limitations

    

(B)                     
identify a shortcoming in a scholarly approach and describe an alternative
approach

    

(C)                     
provide empirical data to support a long-held scholarly assumption

    

(D)                     
compare two sholarly publications on the basis of their authors’
backgrounds (B)

    

(E)                      
attempt to provide a partial answer to a lon-standing scholarly dilemma

答案是 b，og解释的是 To find the prmary purpose, look at what the author is doing in the entire passage. In the first paragraph, the author examines two approaches to political history, both of which suffer from the same flaw, the exclusion of women,. In the second paragraph, the author reviews an alternative, more inclusive way to understand political history.
A. wrong. the first paragraph identifies only one reason that the two approaches are flawed; an alternative approach is discussed in the second paragraph.
B. Correct. The author points to the flaw in earlier approaches to history and shows an alternative way of thinking about political history.
我的疑问是，B选项中in a scholarly approach有问题，第一段不是讲了两个approach么？