GWD9-33

xiaowan

Scientists studying the physiology

of dinosaurs have long debated whether

dinosaurs were warm- or cold-blooded.

Line      Those who suspect they were warm-

(5)          blooded point out that dinosaur bone

is generally fibro-lamellar in nature;

because fibro-lamellar bone is formed

quickly, the bone fibrils, or filaments, are

laid down haphazardly. Consistent with

(10)       their rapid growth rate, warm-blooded

animals, such as birds and mammals,

tend to produce fibro-lamellar bone,

whereas reptiles, which are slow-

growing and cold-blooded, generally

(15)         produce bone in which fibrils are laid

down parallel to each other. Moreover,

like the bone of birds and mammals,

dinosaur bone tends to be highly

vascularized, or filled with blood

(20)      vessels. These characteristics,

first recognized in the 1930’s,

were documented in the 1960’s by

de Ricqlès, who found highly vascular-

ized, fibro-lamellar bone in several

(25)       groups of dinosaurs. In the 1970’s,

Bakker cited these characteristics as

evidence for the warm-bloodedness of

dinosaurs. Although de Ricqlès urged

caution, arguing for an intermediate type

(30)       of dinosaur physiology, a generation of

paleontologists has come to believe

that dinosaur bone is mammalianlike.

In the 1980’s, however, Bakker’s

contention began to be questioned, as a

(35)         number of scientists found growth rings

in the bones of various dinosaurs that

are much like those in modern reptiles.

Bone growth in reptiles is periodic in

nature, producing a series of concentric

(40)       rings in the bone, not unlike the growth

rings of a tree. Recently, Chinsamy

investigated the bones of two dino-

saurs from the early Jurassic period

(208-187 million years ago), and found

(45)       that these bones also had growth rings;

however, they were also partially fibro-

lamellar in nature. Chinsamy’s work

raises a question central to the debate

over dinosaur physiology: did dino-

(50)       saurs form fibro-lamellar bone because

of an innately high metabolic rate asso-

ciated with warm-bloodedness or

because of periods of unusually fast

growth that occurred under favorable

(55)         environmental conditions? (Although

modern reptiles generally do not form

fibro-lamellar bone, juvenile crocodiles

raised under optimal environmental

conditions do.) This question remains

(60)        unanswered; indeed, taking all the evi-

dence into account, one cannot make

a definitive statement about dinosaur

physiology on the basis of dinosaur

bone. It may be that dinosaurs had an

(65)        intermediate pattern of bone structure

because their physiology was neither

typically reptilian, mammalian, nor avian.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-9-Q33

The author of the passage would be most likely to agree that the “caution” (line 29) urged

by de Ricqlès regarding claims about dinosaur physiology was

1. unjustified by the evidence available to de Ricqlès

2. unnecessary, given the work done by Bakker and his followers

3. indicative of the prevailing scientific opinion at the time

4. warranted, given certain subsequent findings of other scientists

5. influential in the recent work of Chinsamy

这里是问关于作者对caution的态度，实在百思不得其解～～大家帮帮忙～～

 Although de Ricqlès urged

caution, arguing for an intermediate type

(30)       of dinosaur physiology, a generation of

paleontologists has come to believe

that dinosaur bone is mammalianlike.

 

caution, arguing for an intermediate type

(30)       of dinosaur physiology, a generation of

paleontologists has come to believe

that dinosaur bone is mammalianlike.

 

caution, arguing for an intermediate type

(30)       of dinosaur physiology, a generation of

paleontologists has come to believe

that dinosaur bone is mammalianlike.

 

xiaowan

up!

蓝夕叶子

The author of the passage would be most likely to agree that the “caution” (line 29) urged
                

by de Ricqlès regarding claims about dinosaur physiology was
                

1. unjustified by the evidence available to de Ricqlès （没有自己反对自己噢。）

2. unnecessary, given the work done by Bakker and his followers （B的东西证明了de的理论）

3. indicative of the prevailing scientific opinion at the time （prevail的观点是：a generation of paleontologists has come to believe
                           that dinosaur bone is mammalianlike）

4. warranted, given certain subsequent findings of other scientists
                       

5. influential in the recent work of Chinsamy（C这个人是来反对de的理论的。没有说有啥影响）

第一段一直都是赞同恐龙是warm blooded的。只是后面的B认为恐龙是mammalianlike的。

不知道你看懂偶的解释米。。。

xiaowan

首先,谢谢叶子版主~~今天又看这篇文章,懂啦~~嘿嘿...
    

The author of the passage would be most likely to agree that the “caution” (line 29) urged
                

by de Ricqlès regarding claims about dinosaur physiology was
                

1. unjustified by the evidence available to de Ricqlès （没有自己反对自己噢。）

2. unnecessary, given the work done by Bakker and his followers （因为后面已经证实了这个caution是有用的,所以unnecessary是不对滴~~）

3. indicative of the prevailing scientific opinion at the time （prevail的观点是：a generation of paleontologists has come to believe
                           that dinosaur bone is mammalianlike,所以没有预示作用）

4. warranted, given certain subsequent findings of other scientists
                       

5. influential in the recent work of Chinsamy（C这个人是对先前的 fibro-lamellar bone置疑）

再次谢谢斑斑~~