[求助]OG23篇(未討論過)

haijung

New observations about the age of some globular clusters in our Milky Way galaxy have cast doubt on a long-held theory about how the galaxy was formed The Milky Way contains about 125 globular clusters (compact groups of anywhere from several tens of thousands to perhaps a million stars) distributed in a roughly spherical halo around the galactic nucleus. The stars in these clusters are believed to have been born during the formation of the galaxy, and so may be considered relics of the original galactic nebula, holding vital clues to the way of the formation took place.

The conventional theory of the formation of the galaxy contends that roughly 12 to 13 billion years ago the Milky Way formed over a relatively short time (about 200 million years) when a spherical cloud of gas collapsed under the pressure of its own gravity into a disc surrounded by a halo. Such a rapid formation of the galaxy would mean that all stars in the halo should be very nearly the same age.

However, the astronomer Michael Bolte has found considerable variation in the ages of globular clusters. One of the clusters studied by Bolte is 2 billions years older than most other clusters in the galaxy, while another is 2 billion years younger. A colleague of Bolte contends that the cluster called Palomar 12 is 5 billion years younger than most other globular clusters.

To explain the age differences among the globular clusters, astronomers are taking a second look at “renegade theories. One such newly fashionable theory, first put forward by Richard Larson in the early 1970’s, argues that the halo of the Milky Way formed over a period of a billion or more years as hundreds of small gas clouds drifted about(, collide, lost orbital energy, and finally collapsed into a centrally condensed elliptical system. Larson’s conception of a “lumpy and turbulent” protogalaxy is complemented by computer modeling done in the 1970’s by mathematician Alan Toomre, which suggests that closely interacting spiral galaxies could lose enough orbital energy to merge into a single galaxy.

此篇文章第四段，OG解釋為 " The final paragraph discusses the effects of these new finidings on theorizing about the formation of the galazy" 我想請問一下，其中的 "effects" 對應原文的哪裡? 是32行到35行敘述(上面highlight部分)的 as hundreds of small gas clouds.....condensed elliptical system嗎? 因為137題中，我當時選錯，因為看到(D)的effects沒有感覺，可以請大大解惑嗎? 謝謝~

137. The passage is primarily concerned with discussing
(A) the importance of determining the age of globular clusters in assessing when the Milky Way galaxy was formed
(B) recent changes in the procedure used by astronomers to study the formation of the Milky Way galaxy
(C) current disputes among astronomers regarding the size and form of the Milky Way galaxy
(D) the effect of new discoveries regarding globular clusters on theories about the formation of the Milky Way galaxy
(E) the origin, nature, and significance of groups of stars known as globular clusters
        

ANS: (D)

xjlv128

以下是引用haijung在2006-7-24 14:23:00的发言：

New observations about the age of some globular clusters in our Milky Way galaxy have cast doubt on a long-held theory about how the galaxy was formed The Milky Way contains about 125 globular clusters (compact groups of anywhere from several tens of thousands to perhaps a million stars) distributed in a roughly spherical halo around the galactic nucleus. The stars in these clusters are believed to have been born during the formation of the galaxy, and so may be considered relics of the original galactic nebula, holding vital clues to the way of the formation took place.

The conventional theory of the formation of the galaxy contends that roughly 12 to 13 billion years ago the Milky Way formed over a relatively short time (about 200 million years) when a spherical cloud of gas collapsed under the pressure of its own gravity into a disc surrounded by a halo. Such a rapid formation of the galaxy would mean that all stars in the halo should be very nearly the same age.

However, the astronomer Michael Bolte has found considerable variation in the ages of globular clusters. One of the clusters studied by Bolte is 2 billions years older than most other clusters in the galaxy, while another is 2 billion years younger. A colleague of Bolte contends that the cluster called Palomar 12 is 5 billion years younger than most other globular clusters.

To explain the age differences among the globular clusters, astronomers are taking a second look at “renegade theories. One such newly fashionable theory, first put forward by Richard Larson in the early 1970’s, argues that the halo of the Milky Way formed over a period of a billion or more years as hundreds of small gas clouds drifted about(, collide, lost orbital energy, and finally collapsed into a centrally condensed elliptical system. Larson’s conception of a “lumpy and turbulent” protogalaxy is complemented by computer modeling done in the 1970’s by mathematician Alan Toomre, which suggests that closely interacting spiral galaxies could lose enough orbital energy to merge into a single galaxy.

137. The passage is primarily concerned with discussing
(A) the importance of determining the age of globular clusters in assessing when the Milky Way galaxy was formed 无
(B) recent changes in the procedure used by astronomers to study the formation of the Milky Way galaxy
(C) current disputes among astronomers regarding the size and form of the Milky Way galaxy
(D) the effect of new discoveries regarding globular clusters on theories about the formation of the Milky Way galaxy
(E) the origin, nature, and significance of groups of stars known as globular clusters偏
  

ANS: (D)

文章的结构：开篇就说新的观察发现老的理论有问题

                     第二段说老理论是什么

                     第三段说新的观测结果

                     第四段说，由此，科学家有回头去看一些理论，比如……

所以D很正确啊，就是说新的观测带来了理论的进步

xjlv128

哦这是63里面的，应该讨论过的

haijung

謝謝您的回覆~ 我會在體會一下其中的意思~ 另外，這是OG48裡面的第23篇，我搜尋OG的討論，沒有被討論過，所以才提問了~ 不知道之前在別處可能被討論過~~ 謝謝喔~~

flyuo2006

接着上面的贴吧,不过我的问题不一样....谢谢大家!

However, the astronomer Michael Bolte has found considerable variation in the ages of globular clusters. One of the clusters studied by Bolte is 2 billions years older than most other clusters in the galaxy, while another is 2 billion years younger.

142. Which of the following most accurately state a finding of Bolte’s research, as described in the passage?

(A)  The globular clusters in the Milky Way galaxy are 2 billion years older than predicted by the conventional theory.

(B)  The ages of at least some globular clusters in the Milky Way galaxy differ by at leat 4 billion years.  B

(C)  One of the globular clusters in the Milky Way galaxy is 5 billion years younger than most others.

(D)  The globular clusters in the Milky Way galaxy are significantly older than the individual stars in the halo.

(E)   Most globular clusters in the Milky Way galaxy are between 11 and 15 billion years old.

我有如下问题:

1."most other clusters"是一个固定群体吗?即以后提到的所有的"most other cluters"都是指比某个cluster老2 billions years的一个群体吗?

2.another 是不是就只能指"唯一一个",而不能指某群体中的一个?

如果对以上问题的回答是否定的话,那B的答案就说不通了...

我的表述有问题请大家呼我重新来过,谢谢啦...

急盼回帖..

 

 

imharper

1.对的

2.ANOHTER是指群体中除了本身以外的另一个.