再问885-18-7

gemj

7.    Although the coordination of monetary policy can help facilitate the orderly financing of existing imbalances, it is unlikely that its effect on their size is significant in the absence of an appropriate fiscal adjustment.
(A) it is unlikely that its effect on their size is significant
(B) it is unlikely that the size of their effect would be significant
(C) affecting their sizes are not likely to be significant
(D) the significance of their effect on its size is unlikely
(E) its effect on their size is not likely to be significant
答案：E

前人在解释A不对时说其中的IT与ITS的指代不一致，但是ETS明显允许在同一个句子里同一代词的主格与物主形式指代不同的对象。

见下面的例子：
230.    In an effort to reduce their inventories, Italian vintners have cut prices; their wines have been priced to sell, and they are.
(A) have been priced to sell, and they are
(B) are priced to sell, and they have
(C) are priced to sell, and they do
(D) are being priced to sell, and have
(E) had been priced to sell, and they have
ANSWER：C

“In general,” they reported, “the ability of the compounds to compete at the receptors correlates with their ability to stimulate locomotion in the mouse; i.e., the higher their capacity to bind at the receptors, the higher their ability to stimulate locomotion.”

上面二例中，their与they指代的并非同一东东。

下例中，蓝色的IT (legislature)与ITS (majority)所指并非同一东东。
When an individual or a party is wronged in the United States, to whom can he apply for redress? If to the public opinion, public opinion constitutes the majority; if to the legislature, it represents the majority and implicitly obeys its injunctions; if to the executive power, it is appointed by the majority and remains a passive tool in its hands; the public troops consist of the majority under arms; the jury is the majority invested with the right of hearing judicial cases, and in certain states even the judges are elected by the majority.

现在的问题是：如果不是因为IT的缘故，是什么原因导致不选A呢？
一个可能的原因是A虽然不算错，但存在EFFECTIVENESS的问题。
还有别的解释吗？

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-28 10:07:53编辑过]

mzyzhu

个人意见。说得不对，别扔西瓜皮。

It is unlikely that中的it是形势主语，这在ETS的语法中是可以和句子中的其他it表达不同意思的，就像我举的那个OG60的例子。

A和E的主要区别在what is unlikely. A说its effect on their size is significant in the absence of an appropriate fiscal adjustment.是不可能的。E说its effect on their size is not likely to be significant in the absence of an appropriate fiscal adjustment. 前面强调的是整个事实的不可能，而后句强调的时在缺乏适当的财政政策的时候，货币政策的作用不那么大。

所以同意你的观点：后者在effective上要好于前者。

230. Their wines have been priced to sell, and they do (sell their wines).原句补出了助动词，ETS补出了谓语sell,我把宾语their wines也补出来了。如同意，they的指带没有问题。

如果they 非要指带wines.个人认为应该用they have.

remeo

楼上2位果然厉害！也解决了困惑我的一个难题，可是能否劳烦你们再帮我看看这2 个问题：

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=23&ID=16851

先谢过了！

mzyzhu

in the 1980's the rate of increase of the minority population of the US was nearly ((twice as fast as)) the 1970's.
b)twice as fast as it was in
c)twice what it was in
答案选c，请问为什么不选b??

LZM的说法可以借鉴，书不在身边，无法引用。好像是我们可以说twice as much as, twice as many as, 但是不能用在速度上，twice as fast as.

remeo

39. For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears.
(A)    a method to protect
(B)    as a method protecting
(C)    protecting
(D)    as a protection of
(E)    to protect
Choice C is best because the participle protecting begins a phrase that explains what the shields did. Choices A and B awkwardly use the singular word method to refer to items of military equipment rather than to the use of such items. Also, a method of protecting would be more idiomatic than a method to protect in A or a method protecting in B. In B and D, as is incorrect; also, a protection in D has no noun for which it can logically substitute. Choice E is incomplete; used to protect would have been acceptable.


还有请看这道题A为什么不对，用一个概括性名词method做同位语这应该是ets的偏好所在。 Choices A and B awkwardly use the singular word method to refer to items of military equipment rather than to the use of such items.这句解释我看得也不是很懂，ets在此认为method是做解释性的同位语，而不是概括性的，为什么？

如此题：
During and immediately after California gold rush,the way for a merchant to generate the most profit was to move a limited amount of scarce goods to San Francisco as quickly as possible ,rather than ((to carry larger loads more slowlyk,determining)).......

b)to carry larger loads more slowly ,a stituation that determined

stituation就是概括性名词做同位语。

请2位解答一下，谢谢！

mzyzhu

首先ETS说，the animal hide and shield with wooden frame可以是一个item, 一个equipment,或者一个instrument, 单不是一个method.

其次，就算是后面的几个正确用法，ETS还认为不对。因为从逻辑上东东本身是不能提供保护的，只有using such kind of equipemnts才能保护战士。

第二题能否把原题清楚完整的贴出来，还有正确答案。

个人意见，仅供参考

PopularKing

以下是引用mzyzhu在2003-9-28 16:20:00的发言：

230. Their wines have been priced to sell, and they do (sell their wines).原句补出了助动词，ETS补出了谓语sell,我把宾语their wines也补出来了。如同意，they的指带没有问题。

如果they 非要指带wines.个人认为应该用they have.

Their wines have been priced to sell, and they do sell.
I think "they" should refer to wines.
"Their wines do sell" means 他们的酒(的确)卖的不错。

mzyzhu

7楼主，假设wines do sell这一主动在语法上是正确的，又如何理解逗号前的那举被动，wines have been priced to sell?

popularking

something be priced to sell 意思是“价格合理”。

remeo

以下是引用mzyzhu在2003-9-28 17:20:00的发言：
首先ETS说，the animal hide and shield with wooden frame可以是一个item, 一个equipment,或者一个instrument, 单不是一个method.

其次，就算是后面的几个正确用法，ETS还认为不对。因为从逻辑上东东本身是不能提供保护的，只有using such kind of equipemnts才能保护战士。

第二题能否把原题清楚完整的贴出来，还有正确答案。

个人意见，仅供参考

39. For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears.
(A) a method to protect
(B) as a method protecting
(C) protecting
(D) as a protection of
(E) to protect
Choice C is best because the participle protecting begins a phrase that explains what the shields did. Choices A and B awkwardly use the singular word method to refer to items of military equipment rather than to the use of such items. Also, a method of protecting would be more idiomatic than a method to protect in A or a method protecting in B. In B and D, as is incorrect; also, a protection in D has no noun for which it can logically substitute. Choice E is incomplete; used to protect would have been acceptable.


还有请看这道题A为什么不对，用一个概括性名词method做同位语这应该是ets的偏好所在。 Choices A and B awkwardly use the singular word method to refer to items of military equipment rather than to the use of such items.这句解释我看得也不是很懂，ets在此认为method是做解释性的同位语，而不是概括性的，为什么？

如此题：
During and immediately after California gold rush,the way for a merchant to generate the most profit was to move a limited amount of scarce goods to San Francisco as quickly as possible ,rather than ((to carry larger loads more slowlyk,determining))
the design of the clipper ship.

b)to carry larger loads more slowly ,a stituation that determined

此题答案是b)      
stituation不就是概括性名词做同位语吗？


而我认为39题也一样，method就是用来概括animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment的。正如stituation概括During and immediately after California gold rush,the way for a merchant to generate the most profit was to move a limited amount of scarce goods to San Francisco as quickly as possible ,rather than to carry larger loads more slowly一样，不是吗？