请大牛给确定一下这话对不?/谢谢

napoleon100000

定从的跳越修饰:

a. that引导限定性定语从句由于可以去后置(定语太长把后面部分提前), 所以that可以跳越修饰, 但是前提是被跳越的部分不存在被that修饰的可能, 如GWD11-10C, OG248C, 大全940C; 但是OG196C中that跳越修饰修饰的东西同样可以被这个定语修饰而产生新的意思, 所以错误.

b. 非限定性定语从句(, which/ who)的跳越只能局限在A+介词+B的简单结构中, OG119

amber0919

帮你顶．我也不太明白．

196. It is possible that Native Americans originally have migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed between Siberia and Alaska.

(A) have migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed

(B) were migrating to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that existed once

(C) migrated over a bridge of land to the Western Hemisphere that once existed

(D) migrated to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land that once existed（D）

(E) were migrating to the Western Hemisphere over a bridge of land existing once

ＥＴＳ认为，Ｄ对．onced existed明确的修饰bridge.

但看这个：

21. At the time of the Mexican agrarian revolution, the most radical faction, that of Zapata and his followers, proposed a return to communal ownership of land, to what had been a pre-Columbian form of ownership respected by the Spaniards.(A) land, to what had been a pre-Columbian form of ownership respected by the Spaniards
(B) land, a form of ownership of the pre-Columbians and respected by the Spaniards
(C) land, respected by the Spaniards and a pre-Columbian form of ownership
(D) land in which a pre-Columbian form of ownership was respected by the Spaniards
(E) land that had been a pre-Columbian form of ownership respected by the Spaniards

选Ａ．ＥＴＳ说Ｅ不对．认为that had been修饰有歧义．不知道是修land还是ownership．．

我就不明白了．．怎么回事？都是n1 of n2 ＋that／分词的结构．．怎么一会有歧义一会没歧义的？

大牛来解答解答！～～～

amber0919

我之前的总结是：

１.如果这种修饰结构能用主谓一致等方法判断出到底修饰谁，则认为没歧义．可以跳跃．如ＯＧ１０９，１１９，８５．．

２.如果判断不出，即有修饰前面两个事物的可能．则认为有歧义．是错误选项目如上面这个２１题．

但是这样的话，ＯＧ１９６Ｄ： existed的修饰为什么又认为没歧义了呢？

晕死了～～～ＮＮ解答一下！～～

amber0919

再顶！！我觉得这个问题很重要．指代不弄清楚就是个心头大恨．请ＮＮ来解答

amber0919

继续顶

jandjshi

靠选项间比较, 逻辑, 和语感.

196: once existed 修饰land, 不是bridge. bridge of也是修饰land的. What kind of a land? It’s a land in bridge shape. 一个modifier, 一个noun, 所以被once existed修饰的对象是land. 如果是a piece of land, 你就不会太疑问了吧, 不太会有东东再修饰piece吧. 哈哈. A bridge of land 是同样道理.

21: ownership of land, “of land” 是修饰ownership的. Ownership of what? Oh, it’s a ownership of the land. 这里重心是ownership. 那为什么有歧义呢. 因为修饰词, land, 也有被修饰的可能. 如果有这样两个句子:

1)     ownership of land that was once belonged to Israel – 到底是ownership belonged to Israel, 还是land belonged to Israel. 逻辑上大大不同, 如果是ownership, but not land, belonged to Israel说明Israel强了人家的地.  Land, but not ownership, belonged to Israel说明Israel被别人扒了. 呵呵.

2)     piece of land that was once belonged to Israel – 比较清楚,没什么可歧义的.

再重申一下, 逻辑和语感是多重要啊, 当然选项间比较对GMAT来说是最重要的. 语言是活的, 不像数学公式, 1 就是1, 0就是0.

amber0919

真是精辟!!太谢谢了~豁然开朗!

那么这一题:

21.With its plan to develop seven and a half acres of shore land, Cleveland is but one of a large number of communities on the Great Lakes that is looking to its waterfront as a way to improve the quality of urban life and attract new businesses.

(A) is looking to its waterfront as a way to improve the quality of urban life and attract

(B) is looking at its waterfront to improve the quality of urban life and attract

(C) are looking to their waterfronts to improve the quality of urban life and attract

(D) are looking to its waterfront as a way of improving the quality of urban life and attracting（C）

(E) are looking at their waterfronts as a way they can improve the quality of urban life and attract

这里认为that没有修饰lakes的歧义.是不是就纯粹是由意思判断的?lake不可能主动发出looking这样的动作. 是这样吗?我的理解对不对

jandjshi

还是用我那个办法.

1)找出哪个是修饰, 哪个是被修饰, 被修饰那个就是中心词.

Communities on the Great Lakes – communities: which communities? Those on the Great Lakes. 很清楚. Great Lakes修饰Communities.

反过来. Communities on the Great Lakes -  Great Lakes: which/what/where laceName w:st="on">GreatlaceName> laceType w:st="on">LakelaceType>? 随便你怎么问, Communities是不可能修饰Great Lakes的.

2) 用逻辑, 看看修饰那个会不会被再修饰, 产生歧义

The Great Lakes is looking…逻辑不通..

如果有: Communities on the Great Lakes that are owned by city of Cleveland. 就有歧义了. 到底是Communities还是Great Lakes, owned by city of Cleveland.

3)当然, 逻辑是活的. 我知道有时, ETS耍无赖, 硬说有歧义, 但是一般都有别的办法排除选项. 哪就是我说的选项间比较对GMAT的重要性.

哈哈, 说来说去又是那三点.