[求助]天山3－35

michaelchenma

Whereas United States economic
productivity grew at an annual
rate of 3 percent from 1945 to 1965,
Line it has grown at an annual rate of
(5) only about 1 percent since the early
1970’s. What might be preventing
higher productivity growth? Clearly,
the manufacturing sector of the
economy cannot be blamed. Since
(10) 1980, productivity improvements
in manufacturing have moved the
United States from a position of
acute decline in manufacturing
to one of world prominence.
(15) Manufacturing, however, constitutes
a relatively small proportion
of the economy. In 1992, goodsproducing
businesses employed
only 19.1 percent of American
(20) workers, whereas service-producing
businesses employed 70 percent.
Although the service sector has
grown since the late 1970’s, its
productivity growth has declined.
(25) Several explanations have been
offered for this decline and for the
discrepancy in productivity growth
between the manufacturing and
service sectors. One is that tra-
(30) ditional measures fail to reflect
service-sector productivity growth
because it has been concentrated
in improved quality of services.
Yet traditional measures of manu-
(35) facturing productivity have shown
significant increases despite the
undermeasurement of quality,
whereas service productivity has
continued to stagnate. Others argue
(40) that since the 1970’s, manufacturing
workers, faced with strong foreign
competition, have learned to work
more efficiently in order to keep their
jobs in the United States, but service
31
(45) workers, who are typically under
less global competitive pressure,
have not. However, the pressure on
manufacturing workers in the United
States to work more efficiently has
(50) generally been overstated, often
for political reasons. In fact, while
some manufacturing jobs have been
lost due to foreign competition, many
more have been lost simply because
(55) of slow growth in demand for manufactured
goods.
Yet another explanation blames
the federal budget deficit: if it were
lower, interest rates would be lower
(60) too, thereby increasing investment
in the development of new technologies,
which would spur productivity
growth in the service sector. There
is, however, no dearth of techno-
(65) logical resources; rather, managers
in the service sector fail to take
advantage of widely available skills
and machines. High productivity
growth levels attained by leading-
(70) edge service companies indicate
that service-sector managers
who wisely implement available
technology and choose skillful
workers can significantly improve
(75) their companies’ productivity.
The culprits for service-sector
productivity stagnation are the
forces—such as corporate
takeovers and unnecessary
(80) governmental regulation—that
distract managers from the task
of making optimal use of available
resources.

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Q35:
It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following was true of the United
States manufacturing sector in the years immediately prior to 1980?
A. It was performing relatively poorly.
B. It was in a position of world prominence.
C. It was increasing its productivity at an annual rate of 3 percent.
D. It was increasing its productivity at an annual rate of 1 percent.
E. Its level of productivity was higher than afterward.
Answer:

为什么是A?而不是D吗？

文章第一端已经说的很明确了。

xiaowan

同问～

kevin_chee20

Whereas United States economic
productivity grew at an annual
rate of 3 percent from 1945 to 1965,
Line it has grown at an annual rate of
(5) only about 1 percent since the early
1970’s. What might be preventing
higher productivity growth? Clearly,
the manufacturing sector of the
economy cannot be blamed. Since
(10) 1980, productivity improvements
in manufacturing have moved the
United States
                from a position of
acute decline in manufacturing
to one of world prominence.
(15) Manufacturing, however, constitutes
a relatively small proportion
of the economy. In 1992, goodsproducing
businesses employed
only 19.1 percent of American
(20) workers, whereas service-producing
businesses employed 70 percent.
Although the service sector has
grown since the late 1970’s, its
productivity growth has declined.

注意标明的地方。从1980's开始，美国的Productivity Improvement 开始从一个 acute decline 的position 提高。  因此，可以推测，在 1980's 之前的情况是 decline = performing poorly

xiaowan

可是前面说到Whereas United States economic
productivity grew at an annual
rate of 3 percent from 1945 to 1965,
Line it has grown at an annual rate of
(5) only about 1 percent since the early
1970’s.

这里的下降为什么不可以理解为从一直以来的百分之3，下降到百分之1呢？觉得这样似乎更合理，谢谢楼上回帖，以为没人会回呢？呵呵。。。

xiaowan

顶

xiaowan

再顶～～

tear1star

因为文中开头说的增长1%是“economic productivity growth rate"，但是35题问的是制造业的问题，讨论对象并不一样。我做题的时候也在AD两个中间犹豫了一下，发现D这个致命错误。所以确定是A，因为A和原文是直接对应的。
Since
(10) 1980, productivity improvements
in manufacturing have moved the
United States
            from a position of
acute decline in manufacturing
to one of world prominence.

这样应该比较清楚了吧～