快考了，帮忙看道管为东小班的真题，谢了

howardwang

Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development. They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it. That plan is ill-conceived: if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders. On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable. But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires. And that is exactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.
In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of the following roles?
A. The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; the second is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection.
B. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained; the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion.
C. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; the second is a judgment disputing that conclusion.  
D. The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for the argument’s advocacy of a particular strategy.
E. The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents a situation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be met in the foreseeable future.

这个论述的主结论是 That plan is ill-conceived。带有否定性质，其后面的内容是支持该主结论的。所以，d应该不对。

highflyer

Howardwang, 在看一下，我认为是D.“主结论是 That plan is ill-conceived。带有否定性质“同意。但是，Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development.是文章的主要目的，本身不是plan。但是达到辞目的有两种方法，一是purchasing that land from the farmers who own it 文章否定。第二是modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability。支持。

另外，

Springfield Fire Commissioner: the vast majority of false fire alarms
are prank calls made anonymously from fire alarm boxes on Street
corners. Since virtually everyone has access to a private telephone, these alarm boxes have outlived their usefulness. Therefore, we propose to remove the boxes. Removing the boxes will reduce the number of prank calls without hampering people’s ability to report a fire.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the claim that the proposal, if carried out, will have the announced effect?
A. The fire department traces all alarm calls made from private telephones and records where they came from.
B. Maintaining the fire alarm boxes costs Springfield approximately five million dollars annually.
C. A telephone call can provide the fire department with more information about the nature and size of a fire than can an alarm placed from an alarm box.
D. Responding to false alarms significantly reduces the fire department’s capacity for responding to fires.
E. On any given day, a significant percentage of the public telephones in Springfield are out of service.

highflyer

没办法，阅读分区贴补上，方则了，谢谢,Howardwang

In mid-February 1917 a
women’s movement independent
of political affiliation erupted in
Line New York City, the stronghold of
(5) the Socialist party in the United
states. Protesting against the high
cost of living, thousands of women
refused to buy chickens, fish, and
vegetables. The boycott shut
(10) down much of the City’s foodstuffs
marketing for two weeks, riveting
public attention on the issue of
food prices, which had increased
partly as a result of increased
(15) exports of food to Europe that had
been occurring since the outbreak
of the First World War.
By early 1917 the Socialist
party had established itself as a
(20) major political presence in New
York City. New York Socialists,
whose customary spheres of
struggle were electoral work and
trade union organizing, seized the
(25) opportunity and quickly organized
an extensive series of cost-of-
living protests designed to direct
the women’s movement toward
Socialist goals. Underneath the
(30) Socialists’ brief commitment to
cost-of-living organizing lay a
basic indifference to the issue
itself. While some Socialists did
view price protests as a direct
(35) step toward socialism, most
Socialists ultimately sought to
divert the cost-of-living movement into alternative channels of protest. Union organizing, they argued,
(40) was the best method through which to combat the high cost of living.
For others, cost-of-living or oganizing was valuable insofar as it led
women into the struggle for suf (45
frage, and similarly, the suffrage
struggle was valuable insofar as
it moved United States society
one step closer to socialism.
Although New York’s Social-
(50) ists saw the cost-of-living issue
as, at best, secondary or tertiary
to the real task at hand, the boycotters,
by sharp contrast, joined
the price protest movement out of
(55) an urgent and deeply felt commitment to the cost-of-living issue.
A shared experience of swiftly
declining living standards caused
by rising food prices drove these
(60) women to protest. Consumer
organizing spoke directly to their
daily lives and concerns; they
saw cheaper food as a valuable
end in itself. Food price protests
(65) were these women’s way of organizing
at their own workplace, as
workers whose occupation was
shopping and preparing food for
their families.
Q25
The author suggests which of the following about the New York Socialists’ commitment to the cost- of-living movement?
A. It lasted for a relatively short period of time.
B. It was stronger than their commitment to the Suffrage struggle.
C. It predated the cost-of-living protests that Erupted in 1917.
D. It coincided with their attempts to bring more
Women into union organizing.
E. It explained the popularity of the Socialist
party in New York City.
Answer:
Q26
It can be inferred from the passage that the goal
of the boycotting women was the
A. achievement of an immediate economic
outcome
B. development of a more socialistic society
C. concentration of widespread consumer
protests on the more narrow issue of   
food prices
D. development of one among a number of
different approaches that the women
wished to employ in combating the high
cost of living.
E. attraction of more public interest to issues
that the women and the New York Socialists
considered important.
Answer:
Q27
Which of the following best states the function of the
passage as a whole?
A. To contrast the views held by the Socialist party
and by the boycotting women of New York City
on the cost-of-living issue
B. To analyze the assumptions underlying opposing
viewpoints within the New York Socialist
party of 1917
C. To provide a historical perspective on different
approaches to the resolution of the cost-of-
living issue.
D. To chronicle the sequence of events that led
to the New York Socialist party’s emergence
as a political power
E. To analyze the motivations behind the Socialist
party’s involvement in the women’s suffrage
movement.
Answer:
Q28.
According to the passage, most New York
Socialists believed which of the following about
the cost-of-living movement?
A. It was primarily a way to interest women
in joining the Socialist party.
B. It was an expedient that was useful only
insofar as it furthered other goals.
C. It would indirectly result in an increase in
the number of women who belonged to
labor unions.
D. It required a long-term commitment but
Inevitably represented a direct step
Toward socialism.
E. It served as an effective complement to
union organizing.

howardwang

以下是引用highflyer在2005-11-23 0:29:00的发言：

Howardwang, 在看一下，我认为是D.“主结论是 That plan is ill-conceived。带有否定性质“同意。但是，Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development.是文章的主要目的，本身不是plan。但是达到辞目的有两种方法，一是purchasing that land from the farmers who own it 文章否定。第二是modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability。支持。

如果选D，strategies是指什么呢？ a particular strategy.指什么呢？

另外，

Springfield Fire Commissioner: the vast majority of false fire alarms
are prank calls made anonymously from fire alarm boxes on Street
corners. Since virtually everyone has access to a private telephone, these alarm boxes have outlived their usefulness. Therefore, we propose to remove the boxes. Removing the boxes will reduce the number of prank calls without hampering people’s ability to report a fire.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the claim that the proposal, if carried out, will have the announced effect?
A. The fire department traces all alarm calls made from private telephones and records where they came from.
B. Maintaining the fire alarm boxes costs Springfield approximately five million dollars annually.
C. A telephone call can provide the fire department with more information about the nature and size of a fire than can an alarm placed from an alarm box.
D. Responding to false alarms significantly reduces the fire department’s capacity for responding to fires.
E. On any given day, a significant percentage of the public telephones in Springfield are out of service.

这题比较清楚，应该选择C。

howardwang

以下是引用highflyer在2005-11-23 0:39:00的发言：

没办法，阅读分区贴补上，方则了，谢谢,Howardwang

In mid-February 1917 a
women’s movement independent
of political affiliation erupted in
Line New York City, the stronghold of
(5) the Socialist party in the United
states. Protesting against the high
cost of living, thousands of women
refused to buy chickens, fish, and
vegetables. The boycott shut
(10) down much of the City’s foodstuffs
marketing for two weeks, riveting
public attention on the issue of
food prices, which had increased
partly as a result of increased
(15) exports of food to Europe that had
been occurring since the outbreak
of the First World War.
By early 1917 the Socialist
party had established itself as a
(20) major political presence in New
York City. New York Socialists,
whose customary spheres of
struggle were electoral work and
trade union organizing, seized the
(25) opportunity and quickly organized
an extensive series of cost-of-
living protests designed to direct
the women’s movement toward
Socialist goals. Underneath the
(30) Socialists’ brief commitment to
cost-of-living organizing lay a
basic indifference to the issue
itself. While some Socialists did
view price protests as a direct
(35) step toward socialism, most
Socialists ultimately sought to
divert the cost-of-living movement into alternative channels of protest. Union organizing, they argued,
(40) was the best method through which to combat the high cost of living.
For others, cost-of-living or oganizing was valuable insofar as it led
women into the struggle for suf (45
frage, and similarly, the suffrage
struggle was valuable insofar as
it moved United States society
one step closer to socialism.
Although New York’s Social-
(50) ists saw the cost-of-living issue
as, at best, secondary or tertiary
to the real task at hand, the boycotters,
by sharp contrast, joined
the price protest movement out of
(55) an urgent and deeply felt commitment to the cost-of-living issue.
A shared experience of swiftly
declining living standards caused
by rising food prices drove these
(60) women to protest. Consumer
organizing spoke directly to their
daily lives and concerns; they
saw cheaper food as a valuable
end in itself. Food price protests
(65) were these women’s way of organizing
at their own workplace, as
workers whose occupation was
shopping and preparing food for
their families.
Q25
The author suggests which of the following about the New York Socialists’ commitment to the cost- of-living movement?
A. It lasted for a relatively short period of time.
B. It was stronger than their commitment to the Suffrage struggle.
C. It predated the cost-of-living protests that Erupted in 1917.
D. It coincided with their attempts to bring more
Women into union organizing.
E. It explained the popularity of the Socialist
party in New York City.
Answer: A
Q26
It can be inferred from the passage that the goal
of the boycotting women was the
A. achievement of an immediate economic
outcome
B. development of a more socialistic society
C. concentration of widespread consumer
protests on the more narrow issue of   
food prices
D. development of one among a number of
different approaches that the women
wished to employ in combating the high
cost of living.
E. attraction of more public interest to issues
that the women and the New York Socialists
considered important.
Answer: A
Q27
Which of the following best states the function of the
passage as a whole?
A. To contrast the views held by the Socialist party
and by the boycotting women of New York City
on the cost-of-living issue
B. To analyze the assumptions underlying opposing
viewpoints within the New York Socialist
party of 1917
C. To provide a historical perspective on different
approaches to the resolution of the cost-of-
living issue.
D. To chronicle the sequence of events that led
to the New York Socialist party’s emergence
as a political power
E. To analyze the motivations behind the Socialist
party’s involvement in the women’s suffrage
movement.
Answer: A
Q28.
According to the passage, most New York
Socialists believed which of the following about
the cost-of-living movement?
A. It was primarily a way to interest women
in joining the Socialist party.
B. It was an expedient that was useful only
insofar as it furthered other goals.
C. It would indirectly result in an increase in
the number of women who belonged to
labor unions.
D. It required a long-term commitment but
Inevitably represented a direct step
Toward socialism.
E. It served as an effective complement to
union organizing.

B

highflyer

以下是引用highflyer在2005-11-23 0:29:00的发言：

Howardwang, 在看一下，我认为是D.“主结论是 That plan is ill-conceived。带有否定性质“同意。但是，Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development.是文章的主要目的，本身不是plan。但是达到辞目的有两种方法，一是purchasing that land from the farmers who own it 文章否定。第二是modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability。支持。

如果选D，strategies是指什么呢？ a particular strategy.指什么呢？

Stategies refer to purchasing the land from farmer, which was evaluated by the argument (result negative). a particular strategy refer to morderizing their farm to maintain their viability

另外，

Springfield Fire Commissioner: the vast majority of false fire alarms
are prank calls made anonymously from fire alarm boxes on Street
corners. Since virtually everyone has access to a private telephone, these alarm boxes have outlived their usefulness. Therefore, we propose to remove the boxes. Removing the boxes will reduce the number of prank calls without hampering people’s ability to report a fire.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the claim that the proposal, if carried out, will have the announced effect?
A. The fire department traces all alarm calls made from private telephones and records where they came from.
B. Maintaining the fire alarm boxes costs LACE w:st="on">SpringfieldLACE> approximately five million dollars annually.
C. A telephone call can provide the fire department with more information about the nature and size of a fire than can an alarm placed from an alarm box.
D. Responding to false alarms significantly reduces the fire department’s capacity for responding to fires.
E. On any given day, a significant percentage of the public telephones in LACE w:st="on">SpringfieldLACE> are out of service.

这题比较清楚，应该选择C

Initially, I think c but when looking at d and a, I changed mind.

announced effect is that Removing the boxes will reduce the number of prank calls without hampering people’s ability to report a fire. but shift from box to phone cannot prevent prank calls as people can make false call by phone rather than pushing the box so phoneline has to be traced. that is the difference between box and phone. Although c metion a good point, as compared to box, I think it is irrelevant as equal function is good enough.

RC have the same answer so ignoring the key provided by the exam.

Many thanks for your response.  

howardwang

以下是引用highflyer在2005-11-23 15:13:00的发言：
以下是引用highflyer在2005-11-23 0:29:00的发言：

Howardwang, 在看一下，我认为是D.“主结论是 That plan is ill-conceived。带有否定性质“同意。但是，Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development.是文章的主要目的，本身不是plan。但是达到辞目的有两种方法，一是purchasing that land from the farmers who own it 文章否定。第二是modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability。支持。

如果选D，strategies是指什么呢？ a particular strategy.指什么呢？

Stategies refer to purchasing the land from farmer, which was evaluated by the argument (result negative). a particular strategy refer to morderizing their farm to maintain their viability

另外，

Springfield Fire Commissioner: the vast majority of false fire alarms
are prank calls made anonymously from fire alarm boxes on Street
corners. Since virtually everyone has access to a private telephone, these alarm boxes have outlived their usefulness. Therefore, we propose to remove the boxes. Removing the boxes will reduce the number of prank calls without hampering people’s ability to report a fire.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the claim that the proposal, if carried out, will have the announced effect?
A. The fire department traces all alarm calls made from private telephones and records where they came from.
B. Maintaining the fire alarm boxes costs LACE w:st="on">SpringfieldLACE> approximately five million dollars annually.
C. A telephone call can provide the fire department with more information about the nature and size of a fire than can an alarm placed from an alarm box.
D. Responding to false alarms significantly reduces the fire department’s capacity for responding to fires.
E. On any given day, a significant percentage of the public telephones in LACE w:st="on">SpringfieldLACE> are out of service.

这题比较清楚，应该选择C

Initially, I think c but when looking at d and a, I changed mind.

announced effect is that Removing the boxes will reduce the number of prank calls without hampering people’s ability to report a fire. but shift from box to phone cannot prevent prank calls as people can make false call by phone rather than pushing the box so phoneline has to be traced. that is the difference between box and phone. Although c metion a good point, as compared to box, I think it is irrelevant as equal function is good enough.

RC have the same answer so ignoring the key provided by the exam.

Many thanks for your response.  

这个BOLDFACE题的d选项应该不对。因为BOLDFACE部分没有包含They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it.阿，而且strategies 还是复数。

另一个题答案应该没错，你看看原因到结论的推导，就可排除A\E了。

highflyer

howardwang, I finished exam but cannot paste JJ.

howardwang

highflyer，你好。

考的不错吧。

在JJ区也不能上传吗？

顺便说一下，最好讨论的那个逻辑题，想了想你是对的。

叆叇118

题目说：广泛认为，严格的环保规则会削弱经济增长。这个假设被最严厉的环保规则同时有最高的经济增长的事实削弱。然而，这个事实并非表明环保规则促进经济增长，而是有罪严格环保规定的国家在教育和培训中投入最多。

所以选A咯