1. Describe a phenomenon: in late 18-early 19 france, the number of women composers and librettists incresed unprecedentely ->great success
● two top women as an example->ranked among the ten most -perormed dramatic works
why signigicant:
-> consider the social and artistic importance
->the large number of new operas
->unique phenomenon in history
● while a decrease both in number of women and their wordk in 19th
-> most importantly, none can reach the same heights of the previous top women
2. Explain the reason: opera becomes more democratic
● increased the demand->trend
● opera update: become the entertaiment of choice for a large proportion rather than appealing exclusively elite public
● needs constant supply of new operas in various generes
● not only rely on patronage which prefer priviledged
-> last explain the the value of opera revolution: escape from revolutionary violence
1、18-19 century, women turn educational limitations-> advantage composers in France
-although only a fraction, explosion of women creating opera
- 50 years...10 most performed work
-unique in 18-20 century, no else in Europe
-19 century, women active composers decrease in number: women+work
- no popularity
2.Why?
-demand for opera->production of work->women benefit
-18 m century, opera entertain large proportion, diverse audience->constant supply->competitive->democratic->submission procedures->abolition of privilege
-roles:escape from Revolutionary violence+ forum of political education