揽瓜阁逻辑做题小分队 第103天

AliceJQC

Psychiatrist: an analysis of psychological and health data collected on almost 100,000 individuals found that during an eight-year period, those who were especially cheerful and optimistic had 30 percent lower risk of heart disease than those who were pessimistic. This shows that many people could improve their healthy by deliberately cultivating an optimistic attitude.心理学家通过一个收集10万人健康数据的分析发现乐观的人比消极的人少30%得心脏病的风险，这说明人可以通过培养乐观态度促进健康
The psychiatrist’s argument is most valuable to criticism on which of the following grounds?
A It fails to adequately address the possibility that several factors in addition to an optimistic or pessimistic attitude affect the risk of heart disease. 与其他因素无关
B It takes for granted that lowcering the risk of heart disease is the most effective way to improve overall health.    是不是最有效得方法无关
C It reaches a general conclusion about the population as a whole based on a sample that is not representative of that population in certain relevant respects.
结论也并没有说代表整体了
D It assumes that what is true of a certain span of time is also true of a longer span of time.   结论也没有提到时间长短，无关
E It concludes, without sufficient evidence, that a certain causal relationship accounts for the correlation between two factors.   把相关和因果搞混了，正确

Widespread use of a particular drug has stalled the spread of a parasite-caused disease known as blindness which is spread from one person to another by black flies, which feed on human blood But the parasite may be developing resistance to the twice-a-year drug, which does not kill the parasite, but merely hampers its reproduction. Researchers tested infected people after one of their treatments and found that in several, the parasite had been able to reproduce normally.
广泛使用一种药阻止了一种寄生虫疾病可能导致失明的在人与人之间通过吸人血的黒蝇散播。但是寄生虫可能发展出了对一年两次药的抗药性，这种药不会杀死寄生虫而是阻止他们繁殖。研究者检测了被感染并接受了一次他们的治疗的人发现寄生虫可以正常繁殖。
Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against the view that the parasite is developing resistance to the drug?   削弱寄生虫产生了抗药性

A. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the drug's effects are waning in several areas where people have been treated for years.  在很多地方人们使用这治疗很多年，无关
B. The people in whom the parasites were found to have reproduced normally have never been able to absorb enough of the drug to hamper the parasite’s reproduction.
被检测的人没吸收足够的阻碍寄生虫繁殖的药，说明不是寄生虫抗药了，是检测的人用药不够。削弱，正确
C. The researchers tested infected people from every area where river blindness is a danger.  在每个地区有失明的都进行了检测，跟原文逻辑无关
D. Laboratory samples of the parasite are unable to reproduce when treated with the drug.   和实验室的寄生虫无关，主要在人身上的寄生虫
E. Even when a person has been treated with the drug, the parasite is able to survive inside that person for up to fifteen years.   药本来就不能杀死寄生虫，只是不能繁殖，所以无关



E B