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Diseases associated with aging in women are difficult to correlate explicitly with estrogen deficiency because aging and genetics are important influences in the development of such diseases. A number of studies, however, indicate a profound effect of estrogen deficiency in syndromes such as cardiovascular disease (including atherosclerosis and stroke) and osteoporosis—the loss and increasing fragility of bone in aging individuals.
和女人衰老有关过程中的疾病很难明确地与某一物质的缺少相关联,因为衰老和基因会对这种疾病发展有重要的影响。然而,一些研究表明某一物质的缺失在综合症方面的深远影响,例如心血管疾病(包括某和中风)和某疾病--一些老人的骨质酥松和骨质脆弱。
The amount of bone in the elderly skeleton—a key determinant in its susceptibility to fractures—is believed to be a function of two major factors. The first is the peak amount of bone mass attained, determined to a large extent by genetic inheritance. The marked effect of gender is obvious—elderly men experience only one-half as many hip fractures per capita as elderly women.
老人脊柱里的骨头数量(易于骨折的决定因素决定骨折容易度)出于两个因素被大众认可其功能。第一个是最大值骨量,这个很大程度由基因遗传决定。性别有显著的影响,老年男性人均经历屁股骨折是女人的一半。
However, African American women have a lower incidence of osteoporotic fractures than Caucasian women. Other important variables include diet, exposure to sunlight, and physical activity.
然而,非洲女人比某地方女人发生某种骨折的几率低。所以也有其他的变因,饮食习惯、在太阳的时间地下的时间以及身体运动。
The second major factor is the rate of bone loss after peak bone mass has been attained. While many of the variables that affect peak bone mass also affect rates of bone loss, additional factors influencing bone loss include physiological stresses such as pregnancy and lactation.
第二个主要原因是在骨质数量达到巅峰后的骨质流失的速率。虽然很多影响骨质巅峰数量的变因也会影响骨质流失的速率,但是也存在额外的变因影响骨质流失包括生理压力,比如怀孕和某。
It is hormonal status, however, reflected primarily by estrogen and progesterone levels, that may exert the greatest effect on rates of decline in skeletal mass.
然而,由e和某物质程度影响的荷尔蒙状态最重要地影响脊柱的质量降低速率。 |
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