【揽瓜阁5.0】Day9 2021.02.16【自然科学-化学、天文、生物】

冲呀呀呀呀呀呀呀呀

Passage 1

主旨：
氧气的需求非常大，介绍了一种新的氧气提取方法，以及对其未来发展的看法。

结构：
1-2：目前对氧气的需求量很大，可以运用到各行各业；
3：现阶段提取氧气的两种方法，一种是蒸馏，一种是浓缩；
4：介绍通过磁场提取氧气的原理；
5：之前的尝试是用电子磁铁，但是材料和运作成本都很高；DV的想法是通过大气压强和永磁体，成本很低；
6：介绍一种合适的gas separator；
7：最开始的结果不是很乐观，提纯度只有0.1%，需要将过程不断重复来提高浓度；
8：这种方法成本很低，会很有市场，但是可行性还需要进一步的探索。

生词：
sequester隔离；liquefaction and subsequent distillation of air液化和蒸馏；porous多孔的；membranes细胞膜；permeable能渗透的；laminar层状的；


Passage2

主旨：
JM的最新研究说明水星的内核正在融化，但这并不是因为靠近太阳的高温导致的，而是重力导致的；以及这个发现也对行星的产生提供了一些线索；

结构：
1：对实验结果进行概括；
2：a traditional opinion——heat本身对内核没有很大的影响，但是水星只有地球直径的40%，科学家认为很早之前它就cool off了；
3：新观点对传统观点的挑战——发现水星的磁场，这种磁场通常是由流动的内核产生的；
4：JM的研究方法和结果——水星的内核至少部分液化了；
5：提出一个导致内核液化的原因

生词：
infiltrate渗入；

KylieWei

Day 9 打卡～

鸡麦过儿

打卡

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第一篇
大意：提出一种新的方法，利用磁场将氧气分离
1-2：氧气非常重要，因此引出了一个新的项目来用磁场在大气中提取氧气。
3：介绍目前纯氧的来源，液化、蒸馏和制氧机制氧。
4-5：V发明的新方法用磁场分离氧气，可以减低能耗。
6-7：具体介绍这种方法的制氧过程，设计了一个结构，单次制氧浓度很低，需要反复重复才行。
8：这种方法成分是否更低还需要观察，但是很有吸引力。

单词
Metaphorically 隐喻的
Steelmaking 炼钢
Pharmaceutical 制药
Steam 水蒸气
Sequestered 隐蔽的，僻静的
Tube 管子
Prototype 原型、雏形

摘抄：
Like the tale about a vizier who asked his king, as a reward for some service, for a grain of rice on the first square of a chess board, two grains on the second, four on the third, and so on, the oxygen concentration rises rapidly with successive iterations.

阅读10分钟 总结20分钟

第二篇

大意：水星内部一部分是融化的

1. 通过雷达确认，水星内部一部分是融化液态的
2-3.  原来的观点是推测阳光的热量可以忽略，主要还是星球形成留下的热量，科学家以为水星早就固化了。但是1974年有了新的发现，水星外层的磁场像地球一样，是由液态核心产生的，这种磁场可能是水星固态内核剩余部分产生的。
4然后通过测量水星转动的变化——如果内核存在液体，太阳重力会对水星转动产生更大的影响。
5、通过6年的研究，水星转动变化是比假定水星是固体变化的两倍，因此得出结论水星内部不都是固定，有一部分是液体，科学家推测是因为硫渗透到了铁的核心中降低了熔点。

单词
Mercury 水星
sloshing 洒出、溅出
Innermost最深处的
Remnant  剩余的

阅读7分钟 总结14分钟

Leonado7

第九天

lululu800

day9

Ridonkulous

day9

龙驾马

阅读
大意 制造氧气的新方法

第一部分（1-2段）氧气有很大价值，目前有个新的制造氧气项目受到资助
第二部分（3-5段）这个项目利用磁力来分离出氧气，这部分介绍了相关的基本原理
第三部分（6-8段）这个制造氧气的项目遇到的一些挑战

句子摘抄

Which is why America’s Department of Energy is sponsoring a project intended to pull oxygen from the atmosphere with magnets

This, though, required both high pressure, which is expensive to create, and the electromagnets themselves, which are costly to buy and costly to run.

Translated from physics-speak, this means they cause no turbulence, and therefore no mixing of their contents.

In the meantime, oxygen’s many other users would surely welcome a cheaper source of supply.

生词摘抄

metaphorically 隐喻地
liquefaction 液化
membrane 细胞膜
modification 修饰 改变

阅读时间 35分钟 总结时间 35分钟 总计70分钟

听力

大意

科学家研究一种已经灭绝的哺乳动物的社交行为


错误原因
科学词汇不懂

听写时间 45分钟 总结时间 55分钟 总计100分钟

Syl小via

DAY 9

vinago

How to separate oxygen from air using magnets: if it works, this vital gas should become cheaper

阅读时间:5’36
总结时间: 29’57
总时间: 35’

文章中心大意
Oxygen is useful and the need of it is large beyond expectation. Other than the traditional ways to get it, there is a new alternative method, called magnetic separation. This approach implemented by Dr Vetrovec is expected to be cost less than earlier attempt. However, though the author concedes that it still remains unknown whether this approach will cost less and achieve a certain success, the idea itself is appealing.

每段段落大意
1，Oxygen is useful and the demand of it is large.
2, The world market for oxygen could be larger for it is required in some processes. Thus, America’s department of Energy is sponsoring a project intended to pull oxygen from the atmosphere with magnets
3, Traditional ways to get oxygen
4, The principle of magnetic separation to get oxygen
5, The previous attempt is costly while what Dr Vetrovec intends to do would be accessible
6, This part elaborates on how Dr Vetrovec uses his methods to get oxygen
7, Though whether the magnetic separation will cost less or get more oxygen still remains unknown, the author argues that the idea of the approach is appealing.

印象深刻的句子
Various estimates put it as having been between about $28bn and $49bn in 2019

生词
Metaphorically:比喻的
Sequester：隔绝
Liquefaction:液化作用
Blower: a device that blows air
Save fossil fuels’ bacon解决 化石燃料的危机
Bacon: 解救。。于困境

Mercury has a molten core, radar reveals
阅读时间:2’42
总结时间: 18’33
总时间: 22’

文章中心大意
Mercury is at least partially molten, the finding is of great significance-> Two traditional views in terms of the issue=> the new finding shows that Mercury is not solid throughout , ending the long-standing debate=> The scientists provided explanations that why Mercury remains molten

每段段落大意
1，The argument of the passage: recent study shows that Mercury is at least partially molten. And the finding is of great significance
2,  View 1（the earliest opinion） : considering Mercury’s small size, Mercury is solid
3, View 2: However, the earliest view is challenged by the later observation. The finding that Mercury has a magnetic field indicates that Mercury has a liquid core. But it also exits other possibilities.
4, View3: The latest finding shows that Mercury is at least partially molten. And the possible explanations for how Mercury formed.

印象深刻的句子
The finding settles a long-simmering debate about the least studied of the planets. It may also provide insight about how the solar system created its planets.
生词
Mercury: 1，水银 2，水星（本文）
Molten: 融化的
Simmering: if a conflict or a quarrel simmers, it does not actually happen for a period of time, but eventually builds up to the point where it does.(酝酿，即将爆发)
Sloshing: 晃荡的
Remnant 残存物