【揽瓜阁4.0】大曼狗打卡帖

大曼狗

【揽瓜阁4.0】大曼狗打卡帖

大曼狗

1/2

-Main Idea
PDD is facing the PR crisis and being investigated because of the death of an employee.

-structure
PDD is facing the PR crisis and being investigated because of the death of an employee.

the death revived the brutal cuture among chinese tech firms-996

PDD has been benifited from the workforce and gained great revenue. Its shares listed on NY exchange increased 400%, leading to a market value of $281bn.

Netizens pay much attention on this event and condemn PDD to be a top trending topic on Weibo.

PDD reponse with no further information

-vocabulary and sentence

revive：使复活

brutal ：残忍的

gruelling：使人精疲力竭的

secretive：秘密的

netizens：网民

condemned：已被定罪的

downplayed：轻描淡写的，轻视的

viral：病毒性的

errant：不定的，错误的，偏离的

-reading, summary, total

5min、22min、29min

2/2

-main idea

in contrast to the study on income inequality proposed by C&A，the passage presents anoter study by PG

-stucture

C&A - people in US making ends meet. Opportunity matters most.
PG doubted the unconventional way of C&A's study.

The large and growing variations between those at the top and bottom

present the view of MB&GH

-vocabulary and sentence

affluence：富裕

fuss：大惊小怪，反对，抗议

account to：相当于

ends meet： 收支平衡

ringing ：响亮的，强劲有力的

hand-wringing ：绝望的

brass ring： n发财机会
immobile： adj固定的
disquiet ：n不安
amiss： adj有毛病的，有瑕疵的
splitting hairs ：n在小事上争论不休

prorate：按比例分配

-reading, summary, total

7min、28min、35min

大曼狗

Day21/2
-main idea:
traced the development of color black

-structure
cited the story of Monet's funeral to elicit black->On the funeral of Monet, minister exclaimed: no black for monet->replaced the black pall by monet's own painting: colorful->many colors represent different notation->traces the development of the color black from 1927 to 2015->2015 vantablack is the turning point of black


-vocabulary
amid:气氛
epiphany：显现（特指神的显现）
dye：染料；染色


-time
reading-10min
summary-10min
total-20min


2/2
-main idea
a comparison of legal system of spanish law and american law, suggesting woman gain more from civil system than common system


-structure
inroduce the background of two laws->compare civil system to common system and draw the conclusion that women benifit from civil system->provide two examples: new mexico for civil law system; new york for common law system; present the detail rules


-vocabulary and sentence
determinants:决定性因素
patriarchal：家长的，族长的，由族长统治的




-time
reading-7min
summary-4min
total-11min

大曼狗

day3


2/2


-main idea and structure
freshwater mixed with ocean water->no one has certain conclusion of the scource of fresh water->prime suspect is melting ice->caused by CO2->freshwater carry huge heat and surrender to the air->the air waft to the east->europe become warmer than the counrty located on the same altitude->this is not a sole phenomenon->先介绍了一个循环：通过释放热量给空气，水的密度变大，形成下沉的水流，形成海洋的深水循环->freshwater涌入海里后形成了一个暖流blanket，导致密度增加的没有那么多，威胁到了下沉和循环->导致向北的stream流动的慢甚至向南->at some point the system will shut down and we will enter into a new state, which will be relected by some sign such as heavy precipitation


-vocabulary
clutter-杂乱
culprit-罪犯
torrent-奔流，激流
trap-陷阱
arguably-可论证地
lade-装载
soak-浸泡，吸收
waft-飘荡
surrender-投降，交出
cascade-瀑布，倾泻
thermal-热气流的
precipitation-降水

大曼狗

day 4
2/2
-main idea
对于有关水权的西班牙法律探讨

-structure
由一个ornamented hotel引出美国人来加州之后带来的变化->19世纪末20世纪初，州法庭对水权进行的立法，表面上依据西班牙法律，但实际上没什么相似之处->把水权优先赋予政府和一些城市大佬的少数人手里->后来某一年最高法院又重申了water right的exclusive和absolute->但是研究人员发现在hispanic southwest那边的communal water是share的->critics就抨击legislature根本就是对hispanic law一无所知->相关机构又解释说是因为当时立法的时候没有parties提供出相关的hispanic law所以才这样，（呸，恶心，明明就是利己主义）

-vocabulary
evoke: 唤起
ornate：华丽的
ornament：装饰
unornamented：朴素的
ostensibly：表面上地
bore：bear过去式-忍受，承担，承载
resemblance：相似之处
municipal：市政的
doctrine：学说
legitimate：合法的，正当的adj， 使合法v
persist：坚持
stare decisis: 遵循先例
paramount：最重要的，最高的
reaffirm：重申
affirm：断言
assert：主张，声称
regime：政权
prevail：盛行，流行，战胜，获胜v
communal：公用的
irrigate：灌溉
medieval：中世纪的
contemporary：当代
judicial：公正的，法庭的

-time
10min，15min，25min


1/2
-main idea
discuss the issue of surrogacy and suggest to consider this crucial issue with fullest range of perspective


-structure
Some people agree that surrogacy helps certian types of couples to become parents; some people oppose that surrogacy is exlploitative and unethecial-children seem to be commercialized
we need to fully consider both the intended parents and the surrogate mothers. Two sides of this story must be told.


-vocabulary
surrogacy:代孕
toll:过路费，代价
prostitution:卖淫
preconception:偏见
crop up:突然出现
antenatal:突然出现
intrapartum:分娩期的
postnatal:产后的
altruistic:利他的
trivial:不重要的，琐碎的
ovarian:卵巢的
hyperstimulation:刺激过度
embryo :胚胎
coercion:强迫

-time
30min

大曼狗

day5

2/2
-main idea
黑人人权问题

-structure
Mc在确认了白人至上是密西西比历史上重塑和新政之间最突出也是最普遍的力量后，参与了两场关于种族关系的本质和演变的解释争论，他认为奴隶社会关系给排外和歧视的非常正式非正式法典做出了让步，之后又合法的授权了分离和剥夺民权。在JC编撰之前没有一个时期是具有流动性的，统治种族的自信使得有二十年的时间里，立法机构都是没必要的。
讽刺的是，就是对这种固化的威胁的感知使得人们建立了一个法律大厦来强化已经熟悉的一个概念。空间的接触已经不那么重要了，重要的是等级制度。种族关系不是阶级关系的功能;如果白人至上是一种意识形态，那么它不仅仅是一种意识形态。它不是为阶级霸权服务的，而是一种理想，甚至到了人们可以谈论“白人利益”的程度。Mc的密西西比在很大程度上是由白人至上的内容和功能的连续性上所塑造的，这种意识形态与同样稳定的种植体系紧密相连，但又有其自身的逻辑和合法性。密西西比黑人在争取自治和充分公民身份的过程中采取了哪些策略?
如果说白人至上主义的延续为种族隔离时代的黑暗提供了背景，那么对压迫的反应的转变则定义了这段旅程的各个阶段。在之后的20年里，领导权继续掌握在重建政治家手中，他们中的许多人曾经担任过公职。他们关心的不是种族隔离，而是平等，他们直接挑战了新兴的法律结构和越来越严格的定义，但没有成功。他们的继任者认为种族隔离和从属地位是不可避免的，但既不自然也不合法。IM和BT的密西西比追随者看来，如果不和解，就“毫无节制的种族冲突他们肯定会输”。这一旅程的最后阶段，由第一次世界大战期间的大迁移开始，以“新黑人”为象征，其特点是务实的机会主义。密西西比州的黑人领袖仍然不愿接受激进的抗议活动，他们抓住大迁移作为政治杠杆，利用南方对黑人劳工的依赖。第一阶段和第二阶段之间的区别似乎因领导层的重叠和持续的保守倾向而模糊不清。我认为，第三阶段更具有象征意义的是大迁移本身——成千上万的密西西比黑人拒绝接受南方实行种族隔离制度的地方——以及“数目惊人”的人加入了“世界黑人进步协会”的密西西比分会。

-vocabulary
supremacy:霸权，至高无上
salient:突出的，显著的
pervasive:普遍的，流行的
give way to:让步于...，为...所替代
discrimination：歧视
mandate：授权，托管n，v
disfranchisement：剥夺公民权
flickering：闪烁的
discern：辨别，察觉
imperative：必要的事，命令n，必要的adj
codification：编纂
preceding：在前的adj，在...之前v
fluidity：流动性
ironically：讽刺的
perception：感知，认知
rigidity：硬度，僵化
provoke：驱使，激怒
ideology：意识形态
pragmatic：务实的
disinclined：不愿的，不想的
inclined：想(做某事)，有倾向的....
militant：激进的


-time
reading：10min
summary：15min
total：25min


1/2
-main idea
疫情对club的影响

-structure
北京nightclub里的人没人在意社交距离->尽管因为疫情更锁了一段时间大概率还是会盈利->疫情使得更多的中国dj得到了表演的机会->因为疫情原因，club文化在北京以外的城市得到了传播和发展->观众表示不在乎谁在表演，能听到音乐就行

-vocabulary
faff：忙乱
wrought：锻造的，特定的
gyrate：旋转


-time
reading：5min
summary：8min
total：13min

大曼狗

Day6


2/2


-Main idea：what kind of particle could dark matter be made of


-Structure：
Petrons, neutrons cannot make up of dark matter->neutrons are too hot and light->involve the term of cold dark matter->the current standard model cannot serve as cold dark matter, but extension of standard model offers plausible candidates->the stability and neutrality of the neutralino satisfy all the requirements of cold dark matter.


-vocabulary
synthesis：合成
corroborate：证实
primordial：原始的，根本的，原生的
sluggishly：怠慢的，慢吞吞的


-time
reading 7min
summary 8min
total 15min




1/2


-main idea：恐龙灭绝结论的讨论


-structure：
观点一陨石撞地球导致物种灭绝->观点二火山喷发导致->研究证明是小行星导致->印度火山喷发时间要早于恐龙灭绝->通过不同的音素来测定古温度->火山喷发导致温度升高又恢复正常似乎不是正确答案，因为还有别的物质被喷发出来，所以恐龙灭绝是由陨石撞击造成的

-vocabulary
mollusc：软体动物
foraminifera：有孔虫类
ambient：周围的


-time
reading 5min
summary7min
total 12min

大曼狗

day6加餐Some say that wars of territorial expansion and defense avoided because they cultural in origin. Such human territorial behavior. However, is motivated by both culture and instinct. Territorial instinct can evolve in animal species for some vital resource serves as a “ density-dependent factor”- a factor whose effect on population growth or size in a territory varies with population density. In other words, as a species’ population density increases in a territory, the growing shortage of vital resources such as habitat, food or water incrementally shows its rate of population growth. Eventually, death and birth rates come into balance and population density levels off. Under such circumstances, territorial instinct tends to evolve. Individuals genetically predisposed to defend resource have higher survival rates and thus pass on more genes to the next generation.

Not very species develops the instinct for territorial behavior, however, A species’ populations density could be leveled off not by limited resources by rising levels of emigration, disease, or predation. When such alternative density-dependent factors are paramount territoriality usually doesn’t evolve.

But humans are decidedly territorial. Their war over territory arise from a combination of instinct and culture and can therefore best be avoided by an understanding of how these elements interact.

有人说，领土扩张和防御战争之所以得以避免，是因为它们的文化根源。这就是人类的领地行为。然而，它是由文化和本能共同驱动的。领地本能可以在动物物种中进化，因为某些重要资源可以作为“密度依赖因素”——一个影响领地内人口增长或规模的因素，随着人口密度的变化而变化。换句话说，当一个物种的种群密度在一个区域内增加时，栖息地、食物或水等重要资源的日益短缺会逐渐显示出它的种群增长率。最终，死亡率和出生率达到平衡，人口密度趋于稳定。在这种情况下，领土本能趋向于进化。从基因上倾向于保护资源的个体有更高的存活率，从而将更多的基因传递给下一代。

不是那些物种因为领土行为发展本性，然而，一个物种的种群密度会趋于稳定不是因为有限的资源、不断上升的移民、疾病或捕食水平。当这种依赖密度的替代因素成为最重要的因素时，领土权通常不会进化。

但人类绝对是有领土意识的。他们争夺领土的战争源于本能和文化的结合，因此，最好是通过了解这些因素如何相互作用来避免。

大曼狗

Day7 加餐
The artisan of the North American colonies in the eighteenth century was granted little respect. Elevating those who did no manual labor above those who did, the socially elite looked down on the artisan, the termed “mechanic”. This same elite, however, frequently found itself depending upon “mere mechanics” in the rebellion against British rule. Groups like the Committee of Mechanics in the New York stood in the vanguard of resistance, and tradesmen increasingly assumed leadership positions in the rebellion. By the end of the American revolution in the early 1780s, it became increasingly difficult to use term “mechanic”-now regard as representing a species segment of society that contributed to the economic and political well-being of the new nation- as a slur.

Yet just as artisan achieved a significant new political role, changes in modes of production began to undermine their economic position. Master craftspeople, responding to the widespread prosperity and demand for goods in the early years of the nation, attempted to their costs of production by hiring unskilled and inexperienced workers instead of artisans and intruding machinery into the workshop. Where speed and quantity were no paramount over quality and where a mentoring tradition was replaced with ideas of individual enterprise. Though the timing and extent of these changes varied with trade and location, by 1850 the percentage of artisans in the workforce had decreased sharply.


-mian idea
the evolution of economic postions of artisan

-structure
In 18 century, the socially elite who did no manual labor looked down artisan who did manual labor and called them mechanic. ->but the socially elite have to depend upon artisan in the relellion against British rule, in addition, mechanics played important role in the resistance and assumed leadership positions in the rebellion.->by the end of American revolution, mechanics became important in economic and political positions.->however, the change of production undermine their economic postion. artisans pay more attention on the speed and the quantity than the quality.->the percentage of artisans decrease sharply

-vocabulary
rebellion:反抗，不顺从


-time
reading 4min
summary 10min
total 14min

大曼狗

Day8
1/2

-Main idea对于剧集真实性的讨论

-structure
网飞的新剧被英国皇室警告->皇室认为不真实不公平的电视内容有损皇室形象->皇室虽然控诉内容的不真实但是自己也在宣传不真实的故事->政府的介入虽然对网飞没影响但是说明政府对内容真实性的担心

-vocabulary
redeem：赎回，挽回，补偿
snub：斥责
traduce：诽谤
Libel：诽谤，中伤控告
Adulterous：通奸的
Termagant：泼妇
Flunkey：奴才，谄媚者
Bulimia：暴食症
Gravely：严重的
Estrange：分离，疏远
Purveyor：承办商
Cascade down：跌落
Veracity：真实，准备

-time
reading：8min
summary：10min
total：18min

2/2

Main idea
AO对瓷器的影响
Structure：
AO有很大的名声在陶器方面，很多文章提及她和她的陶瓷->后来ao的名声几乎消失了,因为她根本不是陶瓷制作者->她早就不是展会的核心管理层，并且展会搬到了加州->ao的名声促进了美国陶瓷的发展
vocabulary
coherence：连贯性，一致性
dissemination：宣传，散播

time
reading-5min
sum-8min
total-13min